Difference between revisions of "Scilab/C2/Plotting-2D-graphs/English-timed"
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{| Border=1 | {| Border=1 | ||
− | | | + | |'''Time''' |
− | | | + | |'''Narration''' |
|- | |- | ||
+ | | 00:00 | ||
+ | | | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Plotting 2D graphs''' with '''Scilab'''. | ||
− | | 00. | + | |- |
+ | | 00:04 | ||
+ | | Assuming that Scilab is installed on your computer, we will discuss '''plots''' in Scilab. | ||
− | | | | + | |- |
+ | |00:10 | ||
+ | |Scilab offers many ways to create and customize various types of 2D and 3D plots. | ||
|- | |- | ||
+ | |00:15 | ||
+ | |The several common charts Scilab can create are: '''x-y plots, contour plots, 3D plots, histograms, bar charts''' etc... | ||
− | | 00 | + | |- |
− | + | | 00:24 | |
− | | | + | |Now open your Scilab console window. |
|- | |- | ||
− | + | |00:28 | |
− | |00 | + | |I will use Plotting.sce file to cut and paste the commands. |
− | + | ||
− | | | + | |
|- | |- | ||
− | + | |00:34 | |
− | |00 | + | |In order to plot, we need a set of points. Let us create a sequence of equally spaced points. |
− | + | ||
− | | | + | |
|- | |- | ||
− | + | | 00:39 | |
− | | 00 | + | | This can be done by the '''linspace''' command which creates a linearly equally spaced vector. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | + | | 00:45 | |
− | |00 | + | |For Example, |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:48 |
− | | | + | | '''x''' is a row vector with 5 points linearly equally spaced between 1 and 10. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:57 |
− | | | + | | Similarly '''y''' is a row vector with linearly equally spaced 5 points between 1 and 20. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |01:08 |
− | | | | + | || More information on '''linspace''' can be obtained from the '''Help''' documentation. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |01:14 |
− | | | | + | | | We will now plot a graph with the arguments x and y using the '''plot''' function. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |01:19 |
− | | | | + | || This is similar to the one used in '''matlab'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | | 01:23 |
− | || | + | | | '''plot(x,y)''' creates a graph of x verses y as you see. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:31 |
− | | | | + | | | Notice that the '''Graphics window''' is labeled as '0'. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 01:36 |
− | | | + | | We will open another graphic window using the '''xset''' function. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:41 |
− | | | + | | I will close this. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | | 01:43 |
− | | | + | | Cut the '''xset''' function, paste in Scilab, hit Enter. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | |01:50 |
− | | | + | | You will see a '''Graphic window number 1'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:54 |
− | | | + | | Note that two arguments are passed to this function namely the 'window' and 1. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:03 |
| | The next graph will be plotted on this window. | | | The next graph will be plotted on this window. | ||
Line 123: | Line 121: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:06 |
− | || For | + | || For Scilab, '''plot2d''' is the native function used to plot 2d graphs. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:14 |
− | | | plot2d command plots a graph of x verses y as you see. | + | | | '''plot2d''' command plots a graph of x verses y as you see. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:26 |
− | || Notice that there is a third argument called style. | + | || Notice that there is a third argument called 'style'. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:31 |
− | | | | + | | | '''style''' argument is optional. It is used to customize the appearance of the plot. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:36 |
− | | | For positive values of style the curve is | + | | | For positive values of style, the curve is plain with different colours like green for 3 in our case. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:44 |
| The default value of style is 1. | | The default value of style is 1. | ||
Line 159: | Line 157: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:46 |
|| Try plotting graphs for negative values and see the difference in appearance yourself. | || Try plotting graphs for negative values and see the difference in appearance yourself. | ||
Line 165: | Line 163: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:51 |
− | | | Also we can set the start points and end points for x and y | + | | | Also we can set the start points and end points for x and y axes by passing the fourth argument. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |02:57 |
− | | | + | |It is called '''rect'''. As you see, |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:07 |
− | | | + | || we have x axis starting from 1 to 10 and y axis from 1 to 20. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:14 |
− | | | + | | The order of argument in the '''rect''' command is '''xmin, ymin, xmax''' and '''ymax'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |03 | + | | 03:24 |
− | || | + | || Let us now learn about title, axis and legends. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | |03:28 |
− | || | + | || To configure labels to the axis and title to the plot we can use the commands '''title, xlabel''' and '''ylabel'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:38 |
− | | | | + | || I will cut this set of commands and paste in the console. Hit Enter. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |03 | + | | 03:45 |
− | | | You | + | | | You will see that the graph has been labeled x to the x-axis, y to the y-axis and the title of the graph is 'My title'. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |03:58 |
− | | |command with all the 3 arguments. | + | | | You may want to configure the '''title''' and '''axes''' of the plot in a single command instead of 3 |
+ | |- | ||
+ | |||
+ | | 04:04 | ||
+ | |||
+ | | |For this purpose we use the '''xtitle''' command with all the 3 arguments. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:11 |
− | | | I will cut this command paste in scilab | + | | | I will cut this command, paste in scilab, '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:18 |
− | | | Now you see that the x axis label is X axis , Y axis and the title is My title. | + | | | Now you see that the x axis label is X axis , Y axis and the title is 'My title'. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:26 |
− | | | The clf() function that | + | | | The '''clf()''' function that I am typing now, will clear the graphic window as you see. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:36 |
− | | | It is useful while plotting different | + | | | It is useful while plotting different graphs on the same graphic window. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:41 |
| | I will close this window. | | | I will close this window. | ||
Line 249: | Line 252: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:44 |
|| Sometimes we need to compare two sets of data in the same plot, that is, one set of x data and two sets of y data. | || Sometimes we need to compare two sets of data in the same plot, that is, one set of x data and two sets of y data. | ||
Line 255: | Line 258: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:51 |
− | | | Let us see an example for this I will scroll down | + | | | Let us see an example for this, I will scroll down. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:56 |
− | || We will define the x axis points in a row vector x using the linspace command | + | || We will define the x-axis points in a row vector '''x''' using the '''linspace''' command. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:03 |
− | || Let us define a function | + | || Let us define a function |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:05 |
− | | |y1 = x | + | | |y1 = x square. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:07 |
− | | |plot x verses y1 | + | | |plot x verses y1. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:10 |
− | | | | + | | | Define another function y2 = 2 x square. |
|- | |- | ||
+ | |05:15 | ||
+ | | |plot x verses y2. | ||
− | |05 | + | |- |
+ | |||
+ | | 05:17 | ||
− | | | | + | | | We will also give label and title to our graph. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:22 |
− | | |plot | + | || Notice that we have additionally passed ”o-” and ”+ -” commands to the plot function, to change the appearance of the curve. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | |05:33 |
− | | | | + | | | These arguments are not a part of the '''plot2d''' function. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | | 05:37 |
− | || | + | | | They can be used only with the '''plot''' function. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | | 05:41 |
− | | | + | | | I will copy these set of commands and paste in the Scilab console. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:49 |
− | | | | + | | | You see the graph. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:51 |
− | | | | + | | | Wouldn't it be of great help to know which curve is associated with which function? |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:56 |
− | | | | + | || This can be achieved using the '''legend''' command as you see. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:08 |
− | | | | + | || "o-" curve represents function y1=x square and "+-" curve represents function y2=2*x^2 (y2=2x square) |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:19 |
− | || | + | || I will close this graphic window. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:22 |
− | || | + | | | We will now discuss about '''plot2d demos''' and '''subplot''' function. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:28 |
− | || | + | | | Scilab provides '''demos''' for all its major functions. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:31 |
− | | | + | | '''Demos''' of '''plot2d''' can be viewed through the '''demonstration''' tab. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | |06:39 |
− | | | | + | | | Click on '''Graphics''', click '''2D and 3D plots''' and select a demo out of the various demos provided. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |06 | + | |06:51 |
− | | | + | | I will click on '''plot2d'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:54 |
− | | | You will see the demo graph | + | | | You will see the demo graph. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |06 | + | |06:55 |
− | || The code for this graph can also be seen by clicking on the view code button here. | + | || The code for this graph can also be seen by clicking on the '''view code''' button here. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07 | + | | 07:02 |
− | | | This link does not open in Mac OS but works in | + | | | This link does not open in '''Mac OS''' but it works in '''Windows''' and '''Linux'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07 | + | | 07:07 |
− | | | | + | | | Never the less in Mac the code can be viewed through the directory. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07 | + | | 07:12 |
| | Let us go to the terminal. | | | Let us go to the terminal. | ||
Line 411: | Line 418: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | |07:15 |
− | | | | + | | | Currently I am in 'demos' directory of Scilab 5.2 as shown. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07 | + | | 07:21 |
| | The full path to this directory is shown here. | | | The full path to this directory is shown here. | ||
Line 423: | Line 430: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | |07:27 |
− | || | + | || We will type '''ls''' to see the list of demos available, as you see here. |
− | | | + | |- |
+ | |||
+ | | 07:36 | ||
+ | |||
+ | | Then we will select the 2d_3d_plots directory and hit '''Enter'''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07 | + | | 07:46 |
− | | | + | | Type '''ls''' again to see the various '''demo code''' available in the 'sce' files. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07 | + | | 07:55 |
− | | | | + | | | We will view the code for the demo which we have seen earlier. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08 | + | | 08:00 |
− | | | Type more plot2d.dem.sce and hit | + | | | Type '''more plot2d.dem.sce''' and hit '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |08 | + | |08:11 |
− | || Here you will see the code for the demo graph of plot2d function | + | || Here you will see the code for the demo graph of plot2d function. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08 | + | | 08:18 |
− | | | I will close the terminal | + | | | I will close the terminal. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08 | + | | 08:21 |
− | | | + | |I will close the demo graph and the demo window. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |08 | + | | 08:26 |
− | | | | + | | | Similarly you can go through the other demos and explore Scilab. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08 | + | |08:29 |
− | || | + | | | Let us now discuss about '''subplot''' function. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08 | + | | 08:33 |
− | | | | + | || The '''subplot()''' function divides the graphics window into a matrix of sub-windows. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08 | + | | 08:37 |
− | | | | + | | | To explain this function we will use demos for plotting 2D graphs in Scilab. |
− | | | + | |- |
+ | |||
+ | | 08:43 | ||
+ | |||
+ | | |For example, type '''plot2d''' in your console and see the demo plot for this function. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08 | + | | 08:58 |
| | I will close this window. | | | I will close this window. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
− | | 09 | + | | 09:00 |
− | | The subplot command breaks the graphics window into a 2 by 2 matrix of sub-windows represented by the first two arguments in the subplot command. | + | | The '''subplot''' command breaks the graphics window into a '2 by 2' matrix of sub-windows represented by the first two arguments in the subplot command. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 09 | + | | 09:10 |
− | | |The third argument denotes the current window in which the plot will be plotted | + | | |The third argument denotes the current window in which the plot will be plotted. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 09 | + | | 09:15 |
− | || I will execute this whole set of commands by copying it to the scilab console | + | || I will execute this whole set of commands by copying it to the scilab console. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |09 | + | |09:24 |
| | You can see 4 plots in a single plot window . | | | You can see 4 plots in a single plot window . | ||
Line 523: | Line 538: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 09. | + | | 09:28 |
+ | |||
+ | | | The plot obtained can be saved as an image on your computer. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |||
+ | | 09:32 | ||
+ | |||
+ | | Click on the graphic window, go to '''File''' menu, select '''Export to''' . | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |||
+ | | 09:39 | ||
− | | | | + | | | Give a suitable title to your plot. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 09 | + | | 09:50 |
− | | | + | | Select a destination folder to save your file. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 09 | + | | 09:54 |
− | | | + | |Select the file format in which you want your image to appear. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:59 |
− | | | I will select the JPEG format and | + | | | I will select the JPEG format and click '''Save'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 10 | + | | 10:05 |
| Browse through the directory to open the image and verify yourself whether it has been saved or not. | | Browse through the directory to open the image and verify yourself whether it has been saved or not. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
− | | 10 | + | | 10:11 |
− | | | This brings us to the end of this spoken tutorial on Plotting in Scilab. | + | | | This brings us to the end of this spoken tutorial on '''Plotting in Scilab'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |10 | + | |10:15 |
|| There are many other functions in Scilab which will be covered in other spoken tutorials. | || There are many other functions in Scilab which will be covered in other spoken tutorials. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
− | |10 | + | |10:20 |
| | Keep watching the Scilab links. | | | Keep watching the Scilab links. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
− | |10 | + | |10:22 |
| Spoken Tutorials are part of the Talk to a Teacher project, supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT. | | Spoken Tutorials are part of the Talk to a Teacher project, supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
− | |10 | + | |10:29 |
− | | | More information on the same is | + | | | More information on the same is available on the following link. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |10 | + | |10:32 |
− | | |Thanks for joining. Good bye | + | | |Thanks for joining. Good bye. |
|} | |} |
Latest revision as of 10:53, 2 November 2017
Time | Narration |
00:00 | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Plotting 2D graphs with Scilab. |
00:04 | Assuming that Scilab is installed on your computer, we will discuss plots in Scilab. |
00:10 | Scilab offers many ways to create and customize various types of 2D and 3D plots. |
00:15 | The several common charts Scilab can create are: x-y plots, contour plots, 3D plots, histograms, bar charts etc... |
00:24 | Now open your Scilab console window. |
00:28 | I will use Plotting.sce file to cut and paste the commands. |
00:34 | In order to plot, we need a set of points. Let us create a sequence of equally spaced points. |
00:39 | This can be done by the linspace command which creates a linearly equally spaced vector. |
00:45 | For Example, |
00:48 | x is a row vector with 5 points linearly equally spaced between 1 and 10. |
00:57 | Similarly y is a row vector with linearly equally spaced 5 points between 1 and 20. |
01:08 | More information on linspace can be obtained from the Help documentation. |
01:14 | We will now plot a graph with the arguments x and y using the plot function. |
01:19 | This is similar to the one used in matlab. |
01:23 | plot(x,y) creates a graph of x verses y as you see. |
01:31 | Notice that the Graphics window is labeled as '0'. |
01:36 | We will open another graphic window using the xset function. |
01:41 | I will close this. |
01:43 | Cut the xset function, paste in Scilab, hit Enter. |
01:50 | You will see a Graphic window number 1. |
01:54 | Note that two arguments are passed to this function namely the 'window' and 1. |
02:03 | The next graph will be plotted on this window. |
02:06 | For Scilab, plot2d is the native function used to plot 2d graphs. |
02:14 | plot2d command plots a graph of x verses y as you see. |
02:26 | Notice that there is a third argument called 'style'. |
02:31 | style argument is optional. It is used to customize the appearance of the plot. |
02:36 | For positive values of style, the curve is plain with different colours like green for 3 in our case. |
02:44 | The default value of style is 1. |
02:46 | Try plotting graphs for negative values and see the difference in appearance yourself. |
02:51 | Also we can set the start points and end points for x and y axes by passing the fourth argument. |
02:57 | It is called rect. As you see, |
03:07 | we have x axis starting from 1 to 10 and y axis from 1 to 20. |
03:14 | The order of argument in the rect command is xmin, ymin, xmax and ymax. |
03:24 | Let us now learn about title, axis and legends. |
03:28 | To configure labels to the axis and title to the plot we can use the commands title, xlabel and ylabel. |
03:38 | I will cut this set of commands and paste in the console. Hit Enter. |
03:45 | You will see that the graph has been labeled x to the x-axis, y to the y-axis and the title of the graph is 'My title'. |
03:58 | You may want to configure the title and axes of the plot in a single command instead of 3 |
04:04 | For this purpose we use the xtitle command with all the 3 arguments. |
04:11 | I will cut this command, paste in scilab, Enter. |
04:18 | Now you see that the x axis label is X axis , Y axis and the title is 'My title'. |
04:26 | The clf() function that I am typing now, will clear the graphic window as you see. |
04:36 | It is useful while plotting different graphs on the same graphic window. |
04:41 | I will close this window. |
04:44 | Sometimes we need to compare two sets of data in the same plot, that is, one set of x data and two sets of y data. |
04:51 | Let us see an example for this, I will scroll down. |
04:56 | We will define the x-axis points in a row vector x using the linspace command. |
05:03 | Let us define a function |
05:05 | y1 = x square. |
05:07 | plot x verses y1. |
05:10 | Define another function y2 = 2 x square. |
05:15 | plot x verses y2. |
05:17 | We will also give label and title to our graph. |
05:22 | Notice that we have additionally passed ”o-” and ”+ -” commands to the plot function, to change the appearance of the curve. |
05:33 | These arguments are not a part of the plot2d function. |
05:37 | They can be used only with the plot function. |
05:41 | I will copy these set of commands and paste in the Scilab console. |
05:49 | You see the graph. |
05:51 | Wouldn't it be of great help to know which curve is associated with which function? |
05:56 | This can be achieved using the legend command as you see. |
06:08 | "o-" curve represents function y1=x square and "+-" curve represents function y2=2*x^2 (y2=2x square) |
06:19 | I will close this graphic window. |
06:22 | We will now discuss about plot2d demos and subplot function. |
06:28 | Scilab provides demos for all its major functions. |
06:31 | Demos of plot2d can be viewed through the demonstration tab. |
06:39 | Click on Graphics, click 2D and 3D plots and select a demo out of the various demos provided. |
06:51 | I will click on plot2d. |
06:54 | You will see the demo graph. |
06:55 | The code for this graph can also be seen by clicking on the view code button here. |
07:02 | This link does not open in Mac OS but it works in Windows and Linux. |
07:07 | Never the less in Mac the code can be viewed through the directory. |
07:12 | Let us go to the terminal. |
07:15 | Currently I am in 'demos' directory of Scilab 5.2 as shown. |
07:21 | The full path to this directory is shown here. |
07:27 | We will type ls to see the list of demos available, as you see here. |
07:36 | Then we will select the 2d_3d_plots directory and hit Enter. |
07:46 | Type ls again to see the various demo code available in the 'sce' files. |
07:55 | We will view the code for the demo which we have seen earlier. |
08:00 | Type more plot2d.dem.sce and hit Enter. |
08:11 | Here you will see the code for the demo graph of plot2d function. |
08:18 | I will close the terminal. |
08:21 | I will close the demo graph and the demo window. |
08:26 | Similarly you can go through the other demos and explore Scilab. |
08:29 | Let us now discuss about subplot function. |
08:33 | The subplot() function divides the graphics window into a matrix of sub-windows. |
08:37 | To explain this function we will use demos for plotting 2D graphs in Scilab. |
08:43 | For example, type plot2d in your console and see the demo plot for this function. |
08:58 | I will close this window. |
09:00 | The subplot command breaks the graphics window into a '2 by 2' matrix of sub-windows represented by the first two arguments in the subplot command. |
09:10 | The third argument denotes the current window in which the plot will be plotted. |
09:15 | I will execute this whole set of commands by copying it to the scilab console. |
09:24 | You can see 4 plots in a single plot window . |
09:28 | The plot obtained can be saved as an image on your computer. |
09:32 | Click on the graphic window, go to File menu, select Export to . |
09:39 | Give a suitable title to your plot. |
09:50 | Select a destination folder to save your file. |
09:54 | Select the file format in which you want your image to appear. |
09:59 | I will select the JPEG format and click Save. |
10:05 | Browse through the directory to open the image and verify yourself whether it has been saved or not. |
10:11 | This brings us to the end of this spoken tutorial on Plotting in Scilab. |
10:15 | There are many other functions in Scilab which will be covered in other spoken tutorials. |
10:20 | Keep watching the Scilab links. |
10:22 | Spoken Tutorials are part of the Talk to a Teacher project, supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT. |
10:29 | More information on the same is available on the following link. |
10:32 | Thanks for joining. Good bye. |