Difference between revisions of "KTurtle/C3/Special-Commands-in-KTurtle/English-timed"

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{|border =1
 
{|border =1
!Visual Cue
+
|'''Time'''
!Narration
+
|'''Narration'''
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Slide Number 1
+
||00:01
 +
||Hello everybody. Welcome to this tutorial on '''Special Commands in KTurtle.'''
  
Title slide
+
|-
||
+
||00:08
Hello everybody.  
+
||In this tutorial, we will learn about:
 +
'''“learn”''' command and
 +
'''“random”''' command.
  
Welcome to this tutorial on '''Special Commands'''  in '''KTurtle.'''
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Slide Number 2'''  
+
||00:15
 +
||To record this tutorial, I am using:
 +
'''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version '''12.04'''
 +
'''KTurtle''' version '''0.8.1 beta'''.
  
'''Learning Objectives'''
+
|-
||In this tutorial, we will learn about
+
||00:28
 +
||We assume that you have basic working knowledge of 'KTurtle'.
  
* '''“learn”''' command and
+
|-
 +
||00:33
 +
||If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website:http://spoken-tutorial.org
  
* '''“random”''' Command
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Slide Number 3'''  
+
||00:39
 +
||Let's open a new '''KTurtle Application'''.
  
'''System Requirement'''  
+
|-
||To record this tutorial I am using,
+
||00:42
 +
||Click on '''Dash home.'''
  
Ubuntu Linux OS version. 12.04.  
+
|-
 +
||00:44
 +
||In the '''Search bar''', type: "kturtle".  
  
KTurtle version. 0.8.1 beta.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Slide Number 4'''  
+
||00:47
 +
||Click on the''' KTurtle''' icon.
  
'''Pre-requisites'''  
+
|-
||We assume that you have basic working knowledge of KTurtle
+
||00:50
 +
||Let's first look at '''learn''' command.
  
If not,
+
|-
 +
||00:53
 +
||''' learn''' is a special '''command'''  as it is used to create your own commands.
  
for relevant tutorials, please visit our website.
 
 
'''http://spoken-tutorial.org'''
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Switch to '''KTurtle''' Application
+
||01:01
 +
||'''learn''' command takes '''input''' and returns '''output'''.
  
'''Dash home''' >>In the Search bar type '''KTurtle.'''
 
 
Click on the '''KTurtle''' icon.
 
||Let's open a new KTurtle Application.
 
 
Click on '''Dash home.''' 
 
 
In the Search bar, type '''KTurtle'''.
 
 
Click on the''' KTurtle''' icon.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||
+
||01:05
||Let's first look at “learn” command
+
||Let's take a look at how a new command is created.
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Slide Number 5'''
+
||01:10
'''learn''' command
+
||Let me zoom the program text to have a clear view.
||''' learn''' is special command  as it is used to create your own commands.  
+
  
'learn' Command you create can take input and return output.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Zoom text'''  
+
||01:14
||I will zoom the program text to have a clear view.
+
||Let's type a code in the '''editor''' to draw a square:
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
||
+
||01:19
'''Switch to Kturtle Window'''
+
||'''repeat 4''' within curly brackets
 
+
'''repeat 4'''  
+
 
+
 
{  
 
{  
 
 
'''forward 10'''  
 
'''forward 10'''  
 
 
'''turnleft 90'''  
 
'''turnleft 90'''  
 
}
 
||
 
Let us take a look at how a new command is created.
 
 
Let's type a code in the editor to draw a square:
 
 
'''repeat 4''' within curly brackets
 
 
{
 
'''forward 10'''
 
 
'''turnleft 90'''
 
 
 
}
 
}
  
here the number '''10''' specfies the length of the side of the square.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Highlight '''learn''' and '''square''' commands
+
||01:31
||Now let's learn the commands involved to draw a square, using the '''learn''' command.  
+
||Here, the number '''10''' specifies the length of the side of the square.
  
We will name of this set of commands to draw a square as square.  
+
|-
 +
||01:37
 +
||Now, let's  learn the commands involved to draw a square, using the '''learn''' command.  
  
The command ''''learn'''' is followed by the name of the command to be learnt, in this case it is a '''square.'''
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Type the code
+
||01:45
||Let's type the following code
+
||We will name this set of commands, to draw a square, as '''square'''.
  
'''learn''' space '''square $x'''
+
|-
 +
||01:50
 +
||The command ''''learn'''' is followed by the name of the command to be learnt. In this case, it is  "square".
  
let's include the '''learn''' command within curly brackets
+
|-
{
+
||01:59
 +
||Let us type the following code:
  
'''repeat 4'''  
+
|-
{
+
||02:02
 +
||'''learn''' space '''square''' space '''$x'''.
  
let's repace number 10 by $x
+
|-
 +
||02:10
 +
||Let's include curly brackets.
  
'''forward $x'''  
+
|-
 +
||02:13
 +
||Let's replace '''10''' by '''$x'''.
  
'''turnleft 90'''
 
}
 
}
 
 
|-
 
|-
|| Highlight '''square''' command
+
||02:19
 
||New command that we have defined  is called '''square.'''  
 
||New command that we have defined  is called '''square.'''  
  
'''square''' takes one input argument, '''$x''' to set the size of the square.  
+
|-
 +
||02:23
 +
||'''square''' takes one input argument, '''$x''', to set the size of the square.  
  
Note that when you run this  code, square returns no output.  
+
|-
 +
||02:31
 +
||Note that when you '''run''' this  code,''' square''' returns no output.  
  
The command '''learn''' is just 'learning' the other command square to be used later.  
+
|-
 +
||02:37
 +
||The command '''learn''' is just 'learning' other command ''' square''', to be used later.  
  
'''square''' command can now be used like a normal command in the rest of the code.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Type the code
+
||02:43
 +
||'''square''' command can now be used like a normal command in the rest of the code.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
||02:51
 
||Let me add few more lines here.  
 
||Let me add few more lines here.  
Let's type
 
  
'''learn square $x'''  
+
|-
 +
||02:54
 +
||Let's type: '''go 200,200'''  '''square 100'''  
  
{
+
|-
 +
||03:04
 +
||Using the command '''square 100''', Turtle draws a square of dimension 100.
  
'''repeat 4'''
+
|-
 
+
||03:11
{
+
||Let's '''Run''' the code now.
 
+
'''forward $x'''  
+
 
+
'''turnleft 90'''
+
 
+
}
+
}
+
  
'''go 200,200'''
 
 
'''square 100'''
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Run the code'''
+
||03:13
||Let's click on Run code
+
||'''Turtle''' draws a square on the canvas.
 
+
Turtle draws a square on the canvas.
+
  
The command square can be used any where any number of times in the program.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Replace 100 by 50.
+
||03:17
 
||Let's  now replace 100 by 50.
 
||Let's  now replace 100 by 50.
 +
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Run the code'''
+
||03:22
||Let's run again
+
||Let's '''run''' again,'''Turtle''' draws another '''square''' with dimension 50.
  
'''Turtle''' draws an another square with dimension 50.
+
|-
 +
||03:28
 +
||Please note that this '''command''' can be used only within the scope of this program.
  
Please note that this command can be used only within the scope of this program
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Clear code'''
+
||03:35
 
||I will clear the current code from editor.
 
||I will clear the current code from editor.
  
Type “clear” command and Run to clean the canvas.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||
+
||03:38
||Next we will  learn about “random” command.
+
||Type '''"clear"''' command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Slide Number 6'''
+
||03:44
 +
||Next, we will  learn about '''“random”''' command.
  
"random" command
+
|-
||
+
||03:48
 +
||'''random''' command takes input and returns output.
  
“random” command takes input and gives output.
+
|-
 +
||03:52
 +
||Syntax for the random command is: '''“random X,Y”'''
  
Syntax for this command is “random X,Y”
+
|-
 +
||03:57
 +
||where X and Y are two inputs.
  
where X and Y are two inputs.  
+
|-
 +
||04:01
 +
||X sets minimum output and Y sets maximum output.
  
X sets minimum output and Y sets maximum.
+
|-
 +
||04:07
 +
||Output is randomly chosen number between X and Y.  
  
Output is a randomly chosen number between X and Y.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||
+
||04:13
||Let's put the “random” command to use in the application.  
+
||Let's put the “random” command to use in the '''application'''.  
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
||
+
||04:18
||
+
||I already have a code in a text-editor.
I already have the code in a text editor.
+
  
Let me explain the code.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Highlight '''reset'''
+
||04:22
||“reset” command sets '''Turtle''' to default position
+
||I will explain the code now.
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Highlight  random 1,20
+
||04:24
||Here, the command '''random 1,20''' selects a random number which is equal or greater than 1 and equal or lesser than 20,
+
||'''“reset”''' command sets '''Turtle''' to default position.
and assigns it to the variable x.  
+
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Highlight '''repeat 36'''  
+
||04:29
 +
||Here, the command '''random 1,20''' selects a  number which is equal or greater than 1 and equal or less than 20 and assigns it to the variable 'x'.
  
{
+
|-
 +
||04:44
 +
||'''repeat''' command and the commands  within curly brackets draw a circle.
  
'''forward $x '''
+
|-
 +
||04:51
 +
||I will '''copy''' the code from text editor and '''paste''' it into '''KTurtle's''' editor.
  
'''turnleft 10'''
 
}
 
||The '''repeat''' command and the commands within curly brackets draw a circle
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''reset''' '''
+
||04:58
 +
||Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your '''KTurtle''' editor.
  
$x=random 1,2'''0
+
|-
 +
||05:03
 +
||Resume the tutorial after typing the program.
  
'''repeat 36'''  
+
|-
 +
||05:08
 +
||When we '''run''' this code,
  
{
+
|-
 +
||05:10
 +
||'''Turtle''' draws a  circle with radius  between 1 and 20  on the canvas.
  
'''forward $x'''
+
|-
 +
||05:16
 +
||Let us execute this code a few times.
  
'''turnleft 10'''
+
|-
 +
||05:20
 +
||You can see that a circle with a different size is generated each time.
  
}
+
|-
||I will copy the code from text editor and paste it into '''KTurtle''' editor.
+
||05:26
 +
||Every time you execute this code, a circle with a different radius is drawn on the canvas.  
  
Pause the tutorial and type the program into your '''KTurtle''' editor.
+
|-
 +
||05:33
 +
||Let us now use both  '''learn''' and '''random''' commands in an example.  
  
Resume the tutorial after typing the program
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Run the code'''
+
||05:39
||When we run this code,
+
||I will clear the current code from the editor. Type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
  
'''Turtle''' draws a  circle which is  between 1 and 20  on the canvas.
+
|-
 
+
||05:48
Let us execute this code a few times,
+
||I already have a program in the Text-editor.
 
+
and you can see that a circle with a different size is generated each time.  
+
  
Every time you exceute this code, a circle with a different radius is drawn on the canvas.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||
+
||05:52
||
+
||I will explain the code now.
Let us now use both the learn and random commands in an example.
+
|-
+
||clear current code
+
||I will clear the current code and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
+
|-
+
||
+
||I already have a code in the Text editor.
+
  
I will explain the code.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||
+
||05:55
Highlight '''reset'''
+
||'''“reset”''' command sets Turtle to its default position.
||“reset” command sets Turtle to its default position.
+
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Highlight canvassize 300,300
+
||06:00
 
||'''canvassize 300,300''' sets the width and height of the canvas to 300 pixels each.  
 
||'''canvassize 300,300''' sets the width and height of the canvas to 300 pixels each.  
 +
 
|-
 
|-
||Highlight '''$R, $G''', and '''$B'''
+
||06:09
||'''$R, $G,''' and '''$B''' are three variables to which I am assigning random values between 0 and 255.  
+
||'''$R, $G''' and '''$B''' are three variables to which I am assigning random values between 0 and 255.  
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Highlight '''canvascolor $R,$G,$B''' ,
+
||06:19
||In the command '''canvascolor $R,$G,$B''' ,  
+
||In the command '''canvascolor $R, $G''' and '''$B''',  
  
the Red-Green-Blue combination is replaced by the values assigned to the  
+
|-
variables R, G, and B in the previous step.  
+
||06:23
 +
||the Red-Green-Blue combination is replaced by the values assigned to the variables 'R', 'G' and 'B' in the previous step.  
  
The canvas color is randomly  set  when this command is executed.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Highlight $red, $green and $blue
+
||06:34
||$red, $blue, $green are another set of variables
+
||The canvas color is randomly  set when this command is executed.
  
to which random values between 0 and 255 are assigned randomly.
+
|-
 +
||06:41
 +
||'''$red, $blue, $green''' are another set of variables
  
'''pencolor  $red,  $green, $blue''' the Red-Green-Blue combination values are replaced by the variables
+
|-
 +
||06:45
 +
||to which random values between 0 and 255 are assigned randomly.
  
'''$red''', '''$green''' and '''$blue''' to which random values were assigned
 
in the previous step.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Highlight '''pencolor $red,$blue,$green'''  
+
||06:53
||The color of the pen is also set randomly when the command is executed.  
+
||'''pencolor $red, $blue''' and '''$green''' the Red-Blue-Green combination values are replaced by the variables.  
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Highlight '''penwidth 2'''
+
||07:02
||'''penwidth 2''' sets the width of the pen to 2 pixels.  
+
||'''$red''', '''$green''' and '''$blue''' to which random values were assigned in the previous step.  
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
||code to a circle
+
||07:10
|| Next I have entered the code to learn to draw a circle.  
+
||The color of the '''pen''' is also set randomly when the command is executed.  
  
Here $x represents the size of the circle.  
+
|-
 +
||07:18
 +
||'''penwidth 2''' sets the width of pen to 2 pixels.  
  
The '''repeat''' command followed by the code in curly brackets draws a circle.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Highlight '''go commands and circle commands'''
+
||07:25
||
+
||Next, I have entered the code to learn to draw a circle.  
The next set of commands that is the '''go''' commands
+
 
followed by the '''circle''' commands draws circles with the specified sizes.  
+
 
|-
 
|-
||Example circle
+
||07:30
||For example:
+
||Here '''$x''' represents the size of the circle.
circle 5” draws a circle of size 5
+
  
At the co-ordinates X and Y specified in the go command.
 
 
For each circle, I have specified different positions on the canvas.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''reset'''  
+
||07:35
 +
||'''repeat''' command followed by the code in curly brackets draws a circle.
  
'''canvassize 300,300'''  
+
|-     
 +
||07:43
 +
||The next set of commands, that is,  '''go''' command followed by '''circle''' command draw circles with the specified sizes.
  
'''$R= random 0,255'''
+
|-
 +
||07:54
 +
||For example: circle with size 5, draws a circle with size 5
  
'''$G=random 0,255'''  
+
|-
 +
||08:01
 +
||at the co-ordinates specified at 'X' and 'Y' positions, in the '''go''' command.
  
'''$B=random 0,255'''
+
|-
 +
||08:09
 +
||For each circle, I have specified different positions on the canvas.
  
'''canvascolor $R,$G,$B'''
+
|-
 +
||08:16
 +
||I will copy the code from text-editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.
  
'''$red=random 0,255'''
+
|-
 +
||08:23
 +
||Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
  
'''$blue=random 0,255'''
+
|-
 +
||08:29
 +
||Resume the tutorial after typing the program.
  
'''$green=random 0,255'''  
+
|-
 +
||08:33
 +
||I will execute this code in''' Fullspeed'''.
  
'''pencolor $red,$blue,$green'''  
+
|-
 +
||08:37
 +
||You can execute this code at any of the speeds specified in the ''' Run''' option.
  
'''penwidth 2'''  
+
|-
 +
||08:43
 +
||I will '''run''' this code a few times.
  
'''learn circle $x'''{
+
|-
 +
||08:46
 +
||You can see the difference in randomly set values of pen color and canvas color.
  
'''repeat 36'''{
+
|-
 +
||08:54
 +
||Note the change in the color of the '''pen''' and the '''canvas''' on each execution.
  
'''forward $x'''
 
 
'''turnleft 10'''
 
}
 
}
 
 
'''go 85,85'''
 
 
'''circle 5'''
 
 
'''go 115,115'''
 
 
'''circle 5'''
 
 
'''go 145,145'''
 
 
'''circle 5'''
 
 
'''go 190,190'''
 
 
'''circle 5'''
 
 
'''go 220,220'''
 
 
'''circle 10'''
 
 
'''go 0,0'''
 
||
 
I will copy this code from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.
 
 
Pause the tutorial and type the program into ypur KTurtle editor.
 
 
Resume the tutorial after typing the program.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Execute code
+
||09:01
||I will execute this  code in Fullspeed.
+
||You can execute the code how many ever times you want and note the changes  in the randomly set values of the '''pen''' and '''canvas'''.  
 
+
You can execute your code at any of the speeds specified in the Run option.
+
 
+
I will run this code few more times.
+
 
+
You can see the difference in randomly set values of pen color and canvas color.
+
 
+
Note the change in the color of the pen and the canvas on each execution.  
+
  
You can execute the code how many ever times you want and  note the change in
 
the randomly set values.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||
+
||09:15
 
||With this we come to the end of this tutorial.
 
||With this we come to the end of this tutorial.
Let's summarize
+
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Summary
+
||09:20
||In this tutorial we have learnt about,
+
||Let's summarize.
  
* “learn” command  and
 
* “random” command.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||Switch to Slide 6
+
||09:22
 +
||In this tutorial, we have learnt about: “learn” command  and “random” command.
  
Switch to KTurtle Window & Show Assignment
+
|-
 +
||09:30
 
||As an assignment for you to solve,  
 
||As an assignment for you to solve,  
  
* Using the learn command, draw a  
+
|-
* pentagon
+
||09:32
* square
+
||using  '''learn''' command- draw a  
* rectangle
+
pentagon
* hexagon on the four corners of your canvas and a
+
square
* circle at the centre of the canvas.
+
rectangle
 +
hexagon
 +
on all four corners of your canvas and
  
* Using the “random” command create various colors and
+
|-
 +
||09:45
 +
||a circle at the centre of the canvas.
  
* Customize your geometric shapes and canvas.
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Slide number 11'''
+
||09:49
 +
||Using the “random” command, create various colors and
  
'''Acknowledgement'''
+
|-
||Watch the video available at this URL
+
||09:55
 +
||customize your geometric shapes and canvas.
  
'''http://spoken-tutorial.org/What is a Spoken Tutorial'''
+
|-
It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project
+
||10:00
 +
||Watch the video available at this URL:http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken-Tutorial
  
If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Slide Number 12'''
+
||10:04
||The Spoken Tutorial Project Team :
+
||It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
  
Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
+
|-
 +
||10:08
 +
||If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
  
Gives certificates to those who pass an online test
+
|-
 +
||10:13
 +
||The Spoken Tutorial Project team :
  
For more details, please write to
+
|-
 +
||10:15
 +
||Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials.
  
'''contact@spoken-tutorial.org'''
 
 
|-
 
|-
||'''Slide number 13'''
+
||10:19
||Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
+
||Gives certificates to those who pass an online test.
  
It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India
+
|-
 +
||10:22
 +
||For more details, please write to: contact@spoken-tutorial.org
  
More information on this Mission is available at this link
+
|-
 +
||10:29
 +
||'''Spoken Tutorial''' project is a part of the '''Talk to a Teacher''' project.
  
'''http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ]'''
+
|-
 +
||10:33
 +
||It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
  
The script is contributed by IT for change, Bangaluru.
+
|-
 +
||10:40
 +
||More information on this mission is available at this link: http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro 
  
This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay signing off. Thank you for joining.  
+
|-
 +
||10:46
 +
||This script is contributed by '''IT for change, Bangaluru.'''
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
||10:50
 +
||This is Madhuri Ganpathi from '''IIT Bombay''', signing off. Thank you for joining.  
 
|-
 
|-

Latest revision as of 17:31, 24 March 2017

Time Narration
00:01 Hello everybody. Welcome to this tutorial on Special Commands in KTurtle.
00:08 In this tutorial, we will learn about:

“learn” command and “random” command.

00:15 To record this tutorial, I am using:

Ubuntu Linux OS version 12.04 KTurtle version 0.8.1 beta.

00:28 We assume that you have basic working knowledge of 'KTurtle'.
00:33 If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website:http://spoken-tutorial.org
00:39 Let's open a new KTurtle Application.
00:42 Click on Dash home.
00:44 In the Search bar, type: "kturtle".
00:47 Click on the KTurtle icon.
00:50 Let's first look at learn command.
00:53 learn is a special command as it is used to create your own commands.
01:01 learn command takes input and returns output.
01:05 Let's take a look at how a new command is created.
01:10 Let me zoom the program text to have a clear view.
01:14 Let's type a code in the editor to draw a square:
01:19 repeat 4 within curly brackets

{ forward 10 turnleft 90 }

01:31 Here, the number 10 specifies the length of the side of the square.
01:37 Now, let's learn the commands involved to draw a square, using the learn command.
01:45 We will name this set of commands, to draw a square, as square.
01:50 The command 'learn' is followed by the name of the command to be learnt. In this case, it is "square".
01:59 Let us type the following code:
02:02 learn space square space $x.
02:10 Let's include curly brackets.
02:13 Let's replace 10 by $x.
02:19 New command that we have defined is called square.
02:23 square takes one input argument, $x, to set the size of the square.
02:31 Note that when you run this code, square returns no output.
02:37 The command learn is just 'learning' other command square, to be used later.
02:43 square command can now be used like a normal command in the rest of the code.
02:51 Let me add few more lines here.
02:54 Let's type: go 200,200 square 100
03:04 Using the command square 100, Turtle draws a square of dimension 100.
03:11 Let's Run the code now.
03:13 Turtle draws a square on the canvas.
03:17 Let's now replace 100 by 50.
03:22 Let's run again,Turtle draws another square with dimension 50.
03:28 Please note that this command can be used only within the scope of this program.
03:35 I will clear the current code from editor.
03:38 Type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas.
03:44 Next, we will learn about “random” command.
03:48 random command takes input and returns output.
03:52 Syntax for the random command is: “random X,Y”
03:57 where X and Y are two inputs.
04:01 X sets minimum output and Y sets maximum output.
04:07 Output is randomly chosen number between X and Y.
04:13 Let's put the “random” command to use in the application.
04:18 I already have a code in a text-editor.
04:22 I will explain the code now.
04:24 “reset” command sets Turtle to default position.
04:29 Here, the command random 1,20 selects a number which is equal or greater than 1 and equal or less than 20 and assigns it to the variable 'x'.
04:44 repeat command and the commands within curly brackets draw a circle.
04:51 I will copy the code from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.
04:58 Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
05:03 Resume the tutorial after typing the program.
05:08 When we run this code,
05:10 Turtle draws a circle with radius between 1 and 20 on the canvas.
05:16 Let us execute this code a few times.
05:20 You can see that a circle with a different size is generated each time.
05:26 Every time you execute this code, a circle with a different radius is drawn on the canvas.
05:33 Let us now use both learn and random commands in an example.
05:39 I will clear the current code from the editor. Type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas.
05:48 I already have a program in the Text-editor.
05:52 I will explain the code now.
05:55 “reset” command sets Turtle to its default position.
06:00 canvassize 300,300 sets the width and height of the canvas to 300 pixels each.
06:09 $R, $G and $B are three variables to which I am assigning random values between 0 and 255.
06:19 In the command canvascolor $R, $G and $B,
06:23 the Red-Green-Blue combination is replaced by the values assigned to the variables 'R', 'G' and 'B' in the previous step.
06:34 The canvas color is randomly set when this command is executed.
06:41 $red, $blue, $green are another set of variables
06:45 to which random values between 0 and 255 are assigned randomly.
06:53 pencolor $red, $blue and $green the Red-Blue-Green combination values are replaced by the variables.
07:02 $red, $green and $blue to which random values were assigned in the previous step.
07:10 The color of the pen is also set randomly when the command is executed.
07:18 penwidth 2 sets the width of pen to 2 pixels.
07:25 Next, I have entered the code to learn to draw a circle.
07:30 Here $x represents the size of the circle.
07:35 repeat command followed by the code in curly brackets draws a circle.
07:43 The next set of commands, that is, go command followed by circle command draw circles with the specified sizes.
07:54 For example: circle with size 5, draws a circle with size 5
08:01 at the co-ordinates specified at 'X' and 'Y' positions, in the go command.
08:09 For each circle, I have specified different positions on the canvas.
08:16 I will copy the code from text-editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.
08:23 Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
08:29 Resume the tutorial after typing the program.
08:33 I will execute this code in Fullspeed.
08:37 You can execute this code at any of the speeds specified in the Run option.
08:43 I will run this code a few times.
08:46 You can see the difference in randomly set values of pen color and canvas color.
08:54 Note the change in the color of the pen and the canvas on each execution.
09:01 You can execute the code how many ever times you want and note the changes in the randomly set values of the pen and canvas.
09:15 With this we come to the end of this tutorial.
09:20 Let's summarize.
09:22 In this tutorial, we have learnt about: “learn” command and “random” command.
09:30 As an assignment for you to solve,
09:32 using learn command- draw a

pentagon square rectangle hexagon on all four corners of your canvas and

09:45 a circle at the centre of the canvas.
09:49 Using the “random” command, create various colors and
09:55 customize your geometric shapes and canvas.
10:00 Watch the video available at this URL:http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken-Tutorial
10:04 It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
10:08 If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
10:13 The Spoken Tutorial Project team :
10:15 Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials.
10:19 Gives certificates to those who pass an online test.
10:22 For more details, please write to: contact@spoken-tutorial.org
10:29 Spoken Tutorial project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project.
10:33 It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
10:40 More information on this mission is available at this link: http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro
10:46 This script is contributed by IT for change, Bangaluru.
10:50 This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay, signing off. Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Krupali, Madhurig, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Pravin1389, Sandhya.np14, Sneha