Difference between revisions of "KTurtle/C2/Grammar-of-TurtleScript/English-timed"
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||00:01 | ||00:01 | ||
− | ||Hello everybody. | + | ||Hello everybody.Welcome to this tutorial on '''Grammar of TurtleScript''' in '''KTurtle'''. |
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||00:11 | ||00:11 | ||
− | || grammar of '''Turtle script''' and ''''if'-'else'''' condition. | + | ||grammar of '''Turtle script''' and ''''if'-'else'''' condition. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
||00:16 | ||00:16 | ||
||To record this tutorial, I am using: | ||To record this tutorial, I am using: | ||
− | + | '''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version '''12.04''' | |
− | + | '''KTurtle''' version '''0.8.1''' '''beta'''. | |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | || 00:29 | + | ||00:29 |
||We assume that you have basic working knowledge of KTurtle. | ||We assume that you have basic working knowledge of KTurtle. | ||
|- | |- | ||
||00:35 | ||00:35 | ||
− | ||If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website: | + | ||If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website: http://spoken-tutorial.org |
− | http://spoken-tutorial.org | + | |
|- | |- | ||
||00:40 | ||00:40 | ||
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||00:49 | ||00:49 | ||
||Click on the '''KTurtle''' icon. | ||Click on the '''KTurtle''' icon. | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
||00:52 | ||00:52 | ||
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||01:01 | ||01:01 | ||
||Type '''kturtle''' and press '''Enter''' to open the 'KTurtle' Application. | ||Type '''kturtle''' and press '''Enter''' to open the 'KTurtle' Application. | ||
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||01:08 | ||01:08 | ||
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||01:11 | ||01:11 | ||
− | || '''TurtleScript''' is a programming language. | + | ||'''TurtleScript''' is a programming language. |
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||01:21 | ||01:21 | ||
− | || It instructs Turtle what to do. | + | ||It instructs Turtle what to do. |
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||01:25 | ||01:25 | ||
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||01:30 | ||01:30 | ||
− | || | + | ||'''Comments''', '''Commands''' |
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− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
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||01:32 | ||01:32 | ||
− | || | + | || Numbers, '''Strings''' |
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− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
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||01:34 | ||01:34 | ||
− | || | + | ||'''Variable'''s and |
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||01:36 | ||01:36 | ||
− | || | + | ||'''Boolean value'''s. |
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||01:38 | ||01:38 | ||
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||01:44 | ||01:44 | ||
− | || | + | ||Mathematical operators |
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||01:46 | ||01:46 | ||
− | || | + | ||Comparison operators and |
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||01:49 | ||01:49 | ||
− | || | + | ||Variables,I will zoom the program text for clear view. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
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||01:54 | ||01:54 | ||
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− | || 02:04 | + | ||02:04 |
||Variables are highlighted in purple color. | ||Variables are highlighted in purple color. | ||
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||02:20 | ||02:20 | ||
− | || | + | ||'''string'''s '''$a=hello''' or |
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||02:25 | ||02:25 | ||
− | || | + | ||boolean values that is '''true''' or '''false''' '''$a=true'''. |
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||02:55 | ||02:55 | ||
||'''print $a + $b''' | ||'''print $a + $b''' | ||
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||03:01 | ||03:01 | ||
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− | || 03:15 | + | ||03:15 |
||'''print''' command takes numbers and strings as '''input'''. | ||'''print''' command takes numbers and strings as '''input'''. | ||
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||03:19 | ||03:19 | ||
||'''print $a + $b''' commands '''Turtle''' to add two values and display them on the canvas. | ||'''print $a + $b''' commands '''Turtle''' to add two values and display them on the canvas. | ||
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− | || 03:29 | + | ||03:29 |
||Let's '''Run''' the code in '''slow''' speed. | ||Let's '''Run''' the code in '''slow''' speed. | ||
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||03:34 | ||03:34 | ||
||Value '''2029''' is displayed on the canvas. | ||Value '''2029''' is displayed on the canvas. | ||
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− | ||03 | + | ||03:40 |
||Let us next see the mathematical operators. | ||Let us next see the mathematical operators. | ||
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||03:44 | ||03:44 | ||
||Mathematical operators include - | ||Mathematical operators include - | ||
+ | '+' (Addition) | ||
− | + | '-' (Subtraction) | |
− | + | '*' (Multiplication) and | |
− | + | '/' (Division) | |
− | |||
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||03:53 | ||03:53 | ||
|| I will clear the current code from the editor and type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas. | || I will clear the current code from the editor and type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas. | ||
+ | |||
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||04:01 | ||04:01 | ||
||I already have a program in a text-editor. | ||I already have a program in a text-editor. | ||
+ | |||
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||04:05 | ||04:05 | ||
||I will explain the code now. | ||I will explain the code now. | ||
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||04:08 | ||04:08 | ||
||'''“reset”''' command sets Turtle to its '''default''' position. | ||'''“reset”''' command sets Turtle to its '''default''' position. | ||
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||04:12 | ||04:12 | ||
||'''canvassize 200,200''' fixes the width and height of the canvas to 200 pixels each. | ||'''canvassize 200,200''' fixes the width and height of the canvas to 200 pixels each. | ||
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||04:22 | ||04:22 | ||
|| Value '''1+1''' is assigned to the variable''' $add'''. | || Value '''1+1''' is assigned to the variable''' $add'''. | ||
+ | |||
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||04:26 | ||04:26 | ||
||Value '''20-5''' is assigned to the variable '''$subtract'''. | ||Value '''20-5''' is assigned to the variable '''$subtract'''. | ||
+ | |||
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||04:31 | ||04:31 | ||
||Value '''15 * 2''' is assigned to the variable '''$multiply.''' | ||Value '''15 * 2''' is assigned to the variable '''$multiply.''' | ||
+ | |||
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||04:36 | ||04:36 | ||
||'''30/30''' is assigned to the variable '''$divide.''' | ||'''30/30''' is assigned to the variable '''$divide.''' | ||
+ | |||
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||04:40 | ||04:40 | ||
||'''go 10,10''' commands '''Turtle''' to go 10 pixels left of canvas and 10 pixels from top of canvas. | ||'''go 10,10''' commands '''Turtle''' to go 10 pixels left of canvas and 10 pixels from top of canvas. | ||
+ | |||
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||04:52 | ||04:52 | ||
||'''print''' command displays the variable on the canvas. | ||'''print''' command displays the variable on the canvas. | ||
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||04:56 | ||04:56 | ||
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||05:08 | ||05:08 | ||
||Resume the tutorial after typing the program. | ||Resume the tutorial after typing the program. | ||
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||05:13 | ||05:13 | ||
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||05:22 | ||05:22 | ||
||'''Turtle''' displays the values on the canvas at the specified positions. | ||'''Turtle''' displays the values on the canvas at the specified positions. | ||
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||05:34 | ||05:34 | ||
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− | || 05:41 | + | ||05:41 |
− | || I will clear the current code from the editor. Type '''"clear"''' command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas. | + | ||I will clear the current code from the editor. Type '''"clear"''' command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | || 05:49 | + | ||05:49 |
||I will zoom the program text to have a clear view. | ||I will zoom the program text to have a clear view. | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | || 05:53 | + | ||05:53 |
||Let's type: | ||Let's type: | ||
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||06:19 | ||06:19 | ||
||variable '''$answer''' and the value 'true' is displayed on the canvas. | ||variable '''$answer''' and the value 'true' is displayed on the canvas. | ||
+ | |||
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− | || 06:27 | + | ||06:27 |
||Let's run the code now. | ||Let's run the code now. | ||
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||06:29 | ||06:29 | ||
||'''Turtle''' displays Boolean value 'true' on the canvas. | ||'''Turtle''' displays Boolean value 'true' on the canvas. | ||
+ | |||
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||06:34 | ||06:34 | ||
− | ||Now, let's see how '''String'''s work in this application- | + | ||Now,let's see how '''String'''s work in this application- |
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||06:39 | ||06:39 | ||
− | || | + | ||Strings can be put in variables like numbers. |
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||06:43 | ||06:43 | ||
− | || | + | ||Strings cannot be used in mathematical or comparison operators. |
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||06:49 | ||06:49 | ||
− | || | + | ||Strings are highlighted in red color. |
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||06:53 | ||06:53 | ||
||'KTurtle' identifies a line in double quotes as a string. | ||'KTurtle' identifies a line in double quotes as a string. | ||
+ | |||
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− | || 07:00 | + | ||07:00 |
||I will clear the current code from editor. Type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas. | ||I will clear the current code from editor. Type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas. | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | || | + | ||07:08 |
||Now, I will explain about Boolean values. | ||Now, I will explain about Boolean values. | ||
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||07:11 | ||07:11 | ||
||There are only two '''boolean''' values: "true" and "false". | ||There are only two '''boolean''' values: "true" and "false". | ||
+ | |||
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||07:16 | ||07:16 | ||
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||07:34 | ||07:34 | ||
||The '''Boolean value''' 'false' is assigned to the variable''' $answer''' because 7 is greater than 5. | ||The '''Boolean value''' 'false' is assigned to the variable''' $answer''' because 7 is greater than 5. | ||
+ | |||
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− | || 07:43 | + | ||07:43 |
||Let's '''Run''' the code now. | ||Let's '''Run''' the code now. | ||
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||07:47 | ||07:47 | ||
||'''Turtle''' displays '''Boolean''' value "false" on the canvas. | ||'''Turtle''' displays '''Boolean''' value "false" on the canvas. | ||
+ | |||
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− | || 07:51 | + | ||07:51 |
||Let's next learn about “if-else” conditon. | ||Let's next learn about “if-else” conditon. | ||
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||08:03 | ||08:03 | ||
||‘else’ condition is executed only if the ‘if’ condition is ‘false’. | ||‘else’ condition is executed only if the ‘if’ condition is ‘false’. | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | || 08:09 | + | ||08:09 |
||I will clear the current code from editor. Type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas. | ||I will clear the current code from editor. Type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas. | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
||08:17 | ||08:17 | ||
||I already have a code in a text file. | ||I already have a code in a text file. | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | || 08:21 | + | ||08:21 |
||This code compares numbers 4 , 5 and 6 and displays the results accordingly on the canvas. | ||This code compares numbers 4 , 5 and 6 and displays the results accordingly on the canvas. | ||
+ | |||
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||08:30 | ||08:30 | ||
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||08:42 | ||08:42 | ||
||Resume the tutorial after typing the program. | ||Resume the tutorial after typing the program. | ||
+ | |||
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− | || 08:46 | + | ||08:46 |
||Let's '''run''' the code now. | ||Let's '''run''' the code now. | ||
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||08:53 | ||08:53 | ||
||and has displayed the result: "4 is smaller than 6" on the canvas. | ||and has displayed the result: "4 is smaller than 6" on the canvas. | ||
+ | |||
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||09:00 | ||09:00 | ||
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||09:05 | ||09:05 | ||
||Let's summarize. | ||Let's summarize. | ||
+ | |||
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||09:07 | ||09:07 | ||
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||09:11 | ||09:11 | ||
− | || | + | ||Grammar of Turtle script and |
|- | |- | ||
||09:14 | ||09:14 | ||
− | || | + | ||‘if-else’ condition. |
+ | |||
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||09:17 | ||09:17 | ||
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||09:24 | ||09:24 | ||
− | || Mathematical and comparison operators. | + | ||Mathematical and comparison operators. |
|- | |- | ||
||09:27 | ||09:27 | ||
− | || Display the results using “print” and “go” commands. | + | ||Display the results using “print” and “go” commands. |
+ | |||
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||09:33 | ||09:33 | ||
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||09:38 | ||09:38 | ||
− | || multiply two sets of random numbers, | + | ||multiply two sets of random numbers, |
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||09:46 | ||09:46 | ||
− | || display both the results, | + | ||display both the results, |
|- | |- | ||
||09:49 | ||09:49 | ||
− | || display greater result at the center of the canvas. | + | ||display greater result at the center of the canvas. |
|- | |- | ||
||09:54 | ||09:54 | ||
− | || You can choose any equation which you like. | + | ||You can choose any equation which you like. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
||09:59 | ||09:59 | ||
− | ||Watch the video available at this URL: | + | ||Watch the video available at this URL: http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken-Tutorial |
− | http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken-Tutorial | + | |
|- | |- | ||
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− | || 10:12 | + | ||10:12 |
||The Spoken Tutorial project team : | ||The Spoken Tutorial project team : | ||
|- | |- | ||
||10:14 | ||10:14 | ||
− | || | + | ||Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
|- | |- | ||
||10:18 | ||10:18 | ||
− | || | + | ||Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
|- | |- | ||
||10:22 | ||10:22 | ||
− | ||For more details, please write to: | + | ||For more details, please write to: contact@spoken-tutorial.org |
− | contact@spoken-tutorial.org | + | |
|- | |- | ||
− | || 10:30 | + | ||10:30 |
||'''Spoken Tutorial''' project is a part of the '''Talk to a Teacher''' project. | ||'''Spoken Tutorial''' project is a part of the '''Talk to a Teacher''' project. | ||
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||10:43 | ||10:43 | ||
− | ||More information on this mission is available at this link: | + | ||More information on this mission is available at this link: http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro |
− | http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro | + | |
|- | |- |
Latest revision as of 17:12, 24 March 2017
Time | Narration |
00:01 | Hello everybody.Welcome to this tutorial on Grammar of TurtleScript in KTurtle. |
00:08 | In this tutorial, we will learn about |
00:11 | grammar of Turtle script and 'if'-'else' condition. |
00:16 | To record this tutorial, I am using:
Ubuntu Linux OS version 12.04 KTurtle version 0.8.1 beta. |
00:29 | We assume that you have basic working knowledge of KTurtle. |
00:35 | If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website: http://spoken-tutorial.org |
00:40 | Let's open a new KTurtle Application. |
00:43 | Click on Dash home. |
00:45 | In the Search bar, type: "kturtle". |
00:49 | Click on the KTurtle icon. |
00:52 | We can also open KTurtle using Terminal. |
00:56 | Press Ctrl+Alt+T keys simultaneously to open the Terminal. |
01:01 | Type kturtle and press Enter to open the 'KTurtle' Application. |
01:08 | Let's first look at TurtleScript. |
01:11 | TurtleScript is a programming language. |
01:15 | It has different types of words and symbols used for various purposes. |
01:21 | It instructs Turtle what to do. |
01:25 | Grammar of TurtleScript in KTurtle includes- |
01:30 | Comments, Commands |
01:32 | Numbers, Strings |
01:34 | Variables and |
01:36 | Boolean values. |
01:38 | Now, we will see where to store numbers. |
01:42 | Numbers can be stored in: |
01:44 | Mathematical operators |
01:46 | Comparison operators and |
01:49 | Variables,I will zoom the program text for clear view. |
01:54 | First let's look at variables. |
01:57 | Variables are words that start with ‘$’ sign, for example $a. |
02:04 | Variables are highlighted in purple color. |
02:09 | Using the assignment equal to (=), a variable is given its contents. |
02:14 | Variables can contain- * numbers $a=100. |
02:20 | strings $a=hello or |
02:25 | boolean values that is true or false $a=true. |
02:32 | Variable keeps the contents until program finishes execution or until it is reassigned to something else. |
02:41 | For example, consider the code. |
02:44 | Let us type:$a = 2004 |
02:50 | $b = 25 |
02:55 | print $a + $b |
03:01 | Variable 'a' is assigned a value 2004. |
03:06 | Variable 'b' is assigned a value 25. |
03:10 | print command, commands Turtle to write something on the canvas. |
03:15 | print command takes numbers and strings as input. |
03:19 | print $a + $b commands Turtle to add two values and display them on the canvas. |
03:29 | Let's Run the code in slow speed. |
03:34 | Value 2029 is displayed on the canvas. |
03:40 | Let us next see the mathematical operators. |
03:44 | Mathematical operators include -
'+' (Addition) '-' (Subtraction) '*' (Multiplication) and '/' (Division) |
03:53 | I will clear the current code from the editor and type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas. |
04:01 | I already have a program in a text-editor. |
04:05 | I will explain the code now. |
04:08 | “reset” command sets Turtle to its default position. |
04:12 | canvassize 200,200 fixes the width and height of the canvas to 200 pixels each. |
04:22 | Value 1+1 is assigned to the variable $add. |
04:26 | Value 20-5 is assigned to the variable $subtract. |
04:31 | Value 15 * 2 is assigned to the variable $multiply. |
04:36 | 30/30 is assigned to the variable $divide. |
04:40 | go 10,10 commands Turtle to go 10 pixels left of canvas and 10 pixels from top of canvas. |
04:52 | print command displays the variable on the canvas. |
04:56 | I will copy the code from text-editor and paste it into KTurtle editor. |
05:03 | Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor. |
05:08 | Resume the tutorial after typing the program. |
05:13 | Let us click on Run button to run the program. |
05:17 | Command which is getting executed is highlighted on the editor. |
05:22 | Turtle displays the values on the canvas at the specified positions. |
05:34 | Let us consider a simple example for using comparison operator . |
05:41 | I will clear the current code from the editor. Type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas. |
05:49 | I will zoom the program text to have a clear view. |
05:53 | Let's type: |
05:55 | $answer = 10 > 3 |
06:03 | print $answer |
06:09 | Here, 10 is compared to 3 with the greater than operator. |
06:14 | The result of this comparison, the boolean value 'true', is stored in the |
06:19 | variable $answer and the value 'true' is displayed on the canvas. |
06:27 | Let's run the code now. |
06:29 | Turtle displays Boolean value 'true' on the canvas. |
06:34 | Now,let's see how Strings work in this application- |
06:39 | Strings can be put in variables like numbers. |
06:43 | Strings cannot be used in mathematical or comparison operators. |
06:49 | Strings are highlighted in red color. |
06:53 | 'KTurtle' identifies a line in double quotes as a string. |
07:00 | I will clear the current code from editor. Type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas. |
07:08 | Now, I will explain about Boolean values. |
07:11 | There are only two boolean values: "true" and "false". |
07:16 | For example, let's type the code: |
07:20 | $answer = 7<5 |
07:28 | print $answer. |
07:34 | The Boolean value 'false' is assigned to the variable $answer because 7 is greater than 5. |
07:43 | Let's Run the code now. |
07:47 | Turtle displays Boolean value "false" on the canvas. |
07:51 | Let's next learn about “if-else” conditon. |
07:56 | ‘if’ condition is executed only if the boolean value evaluates ‘true’. |
08:03 | ‘else’ condition is executed only if the ‘if’ condition is ‘false’. |
08:09 | I will clear the current code from editor. Type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas. |
08:17 | I already have a code in a text file. |
08:21 | This code compares numbers 4 , 5 and 6 and displays the results accordingly on the canvas. |
08:30 | I will copy the code from text-editor and paste it into KTurtle editor. |
08:36 | Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor. |
08:42 | Resume the tutorial after typing the program. |
08:46 | Let's run the code now. |
08:49 | The Turtle has compared the values 4 and 5 |
08:53 | and has displayed the result: "4 is smaller than 6" on the canvas. |
09:00 | With this we come to the end of this tutorial. |
09:05 | Let's summarize. |
09:07 | In this tutorial, we have learnt about: |
09:11 | Grammar of Turtle script and |
09:14 | ‘if-else’ condition. |
09:17 | Now, to the assignment part. |
09:19 | Solve an equation using: |
09:22 | if - else condition, |
09:24 | Mathematical and comparison operators. |
09:27 | Display the results using “print” and “go” commands. |
09:33 | To solve the assignment- |
09:35 | choose any four random numbers, |
09:38 | multiply two sets of random numbers, |
09:42 | compare the results using the comparison operators, |
09:46 | display both the results, |
09:49 | display greater result at the center of the canvas. |
09:54 | You can choose any equation which you like. |
09:59 | Watch the video available at this URL: http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken-Tutorial |
10:03 | It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
10:06 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
10:12 | The Spoken Tutorial project team : |
10:14 | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
10:18 | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
10:22 | For more details, please write to: contact@spoken-tutorial.org |
10:30 | Spoken Tutorial project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project. |
10:35 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
10:43 | More information on this mission is available at this link: http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro |
10:48 | The Script is contributed by ITfC, Bangaluru. |
10:52 | This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay, signing off. Thank you for joining. |