Difference between revisions of "C-and-C++/C4/Working-With-Structures/English-timed"
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|'''Time''' | |'''Time''' | ||
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|'''Narration''' | |'''Narration''' | ||
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|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:01 |
|Welcome to the spoken-tutorial on '''Structures''' in '''C and C++'''. | |Welcome to the spoken-tutorial on '''Structures''' in '''C and C++'''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:06 |
|In this tutorial we will learn, | |In this tutorial we will learn, | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:08 |
|What is a '''Structure. ''' | |What is a '''Structure. ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:10 |
− | |Declaration of a '''structure''' | + | |Declaration of a '''structure'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:13 |
− | |We will do this through an example | + | |We will do this through an example. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:15 |
− | | To record this tutorial, I am using | + | | To record this tutorial, I am using |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:18 |
− | |'''Ubuntu Operating System ''' version '''11. | + | |'''Ubuntu Operating System ''' version '''11.10''', |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:22 |
− | | '''gcc '''and '''g++ Compiler''' version 4.6.1 | + | | '''gcc '''and '''g++ Compiler''' version 4.6.1. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:28 |
− | |Let us start with an introduction to '''Structure ''' | + | |Let us start with an introduction to '''Structure '''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:31 |
− | |When one or more variables are grouped under one name it is known as '''structure.''' | + | |When one or more variables are grouped under one name, it is known as '''structure.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:37 |
− | | | + | |Structure is used to group different data into one object. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:42 |
|It is called as '''compound data-type.''' | |It is called as '''compound data-type.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:45 |
|It is used to group related information together. | |It is used to group related information together. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:49 |
− | | Now we will see the syntax to declare a '''structure''' | + | | Now we will see the syntax to declare a '''structure'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:52 |
− | |Here the keyword '''struct''' tells the compiler that a structure is declared | + | |Here, the keyword '''struct''' tells the compiler that a structure is declared. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:59 |
|'''strcut_name''' is the name of the '''structure.''' | |'''strcut_name''' is the name of the '''structure.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:02 |
|eg. '''struct employee; ''' | |eg. '''struct employee; ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:04 |
|You can give any name. | |You can give any name. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:07 |
− | |Now we will see how to declare a '''structure | + | |Now we will see how to declare a '''structure''' variable. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:10 |
− | |The syntax for this is | + | |The syntax for this is: |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:13 |
|'''struct struct_name and struct_var; ''' | |'''struct struct_name and struct_var; ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:17 |
− | |'''struct_var''' is the variable of type '''struc_name''' | + | |'''struct_var''' is the variable of type '''struc_name'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:21 |
|example, '''struct employee addr; ''' | |example, '''struct employee addr; ''' | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:26 |
|'''addr''' is the '''variable''' of type '''employee. ''' | |'''addr''' is the '''variable''' of type '''employee. ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:30 |
− | |Let us move on to our example | + | |Let us move on to our example. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:33 |
− | |I have already typed the program on the editor | + | |I have already typed the program on the editor. So, let me open it. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:37 |
− | |Note that our | + | |Note that our file name is '''structure.c.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:41 |
− | |In this program we will calculate the total marks of three subjects using structure | + | |In this program we will calculate the total marks of three subjects using structure. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:48 |
|Let me explain the code now. | |Let me explain the code now. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:51 |
|This is our header file. | |This is our header file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:53 |
|Here we have declared a '''structure''' as '''student.''' | |Here we have declared a '''structure''' as '''student.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:57 |
− | | Then we have declared three integer variables as ''' | + | | Then we have declared three integer variables as '''English, maths''' and '''science. ''' |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:03 |
|Variables defined under the structure are called as members of the structure. | |Variables defined under the structure are called as members of the structure. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:09 |
− | |This is our main function . | + | |This is our main() function. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:11 |
− | | Here we have declared an | + | | Here we have declared an '''integer''' variable 'total'. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:16 |
− | | Now we have declared a structure variable '''stud, stud''' is the variable of type student,it is used to access and modify the structure members | + | | Now we have declared a structure variable '''stud, stud''' is the variable of type student, it is used to access and modify the structure members. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:28 |
| Here we have modified the members | | Here we have modified the members | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:31 |
− | | | + | |by assigning them values as 75, 70 and 65. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:37 |
|Here we calculate the total of three subjects. | |Here we calculate the total of three subjects. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:41 |
|Then we print the result. | |Then we print the result. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:44 |
− | |This is our return statement. | + | |This is our '''return''' statement. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:46 |
− | |Now click on '''Save ''' | + | |Now click on '''Save '''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:48 |
− | |Let us execute the program | + | |Let us execute the program. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:50 |
|Please open the terminal window by pressing | |Please open the terminal window by pressing | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:54 |
| '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''T''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard. | | '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''T''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:59 |
− | | To compile type '''gcc space structure.c space hyphen o space struct''' and press''' Enter''' | + | | To compile, type '''gcc space structure.c space hyphen o space struct''' and press''' Enter'''. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:12 |
− | |To execute type (dot slash)'''./struct.''' Press Enter | + | |To execute, type (dot slash)'''./struct.''' Press Enter. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:17 |
|The output is displayed as: | |The output is displayed as: | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:20 |
− | |Total is 210 | + | |'''Total is 210''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:22 |
− | |Now we will execute the same program in C++ | + | |Now we will execute the same program in C++ . |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:26 |
|Come back to our program. | |Come back to our program. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:28 |
− | |I will edit the same code | + | |I will edit the same code. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:30 |
− | |First press ''' | + | |First press '''Shift, Ctrl''' and '''S''' keys simultaneously on the keyboard. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:37 |
|Now save the file with an extension '''.cpp ''' | |Now save the file with an extension '''.cpp ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:41 |
− | | and click on save | + | | and click on save. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:43 |
− | | | + | | Let's change the header file as '''iostream'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:47 |
|Now include the '''using''' statement | |Now include the '''using''' statement | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:53 |
− | |and click on '''save''' | + | |and click on '''save'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:56 |
− | |Structure declaration in '''C++''' is same as in '''C''' | + | |Structure declaration in '''C++''' is same as in '''C'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:01 |
− | |So no need to change anything here | + | |So, no need to change anything here. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:05 |
− | |At the end we will replace the printf statement with the cout | + | |At the end we will replace the '''printf''' statement with the '''cout''' statement. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:12 |
− | |Delete the format specifier and (backslash) \n | + | |Delete the format specifier and (backslash n) \n. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:15 |
− | |Now delete the comma | + | |Now delete the comma. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:17 |
|Type two opening angle brackets. | |Type two opening angle brackets. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:20 |
− | |Here delete the closing bracket | + | |Here, delete the closing bracket |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:22 |
− | |and type two opening angle brackets | + | |and type two opening angle brackets. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:25 |
− | |And within the double quotes type \n | + | |And within the double quotes, type \n (backslash n). |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:29 |
− | |Now click on '''Save''' | + | |Now click on '''Save'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:31 |
− | |Let us execute the program | + | |Let us execute the program. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:33 |
− | |Come back to our terminal | + | |Come back to our terminal. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:35 |
− | |To compile type '''g++ space structure.cpp space hyphen o space struct1 ''' | + | |To compile, type '''g++ space structure.cpp space hyphen o space struct1 '''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:46 |
− | | Here we have struct1 because we | + | | Here we have struct1 because we don't want to overwrite the output parameters '''struct''' for the file '''structure.c '''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:55 |
− | |Now press Enter | + | |Now press Enter. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:57 |
− | |To execute type (dot slash) '''./struct1''' Press '''Enter''' | + | |To execute, type (dot slash) '''./struct1'''. Press '''Enter'''. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:03 |
|The output is displayed as: | |The output is displayed as: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:05 |
|'''Total is 210''' | |'''Total is 210''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:08 |
− | |You can see that the output is same as our C code | + | |You can see that the output is same as our C code. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:12 |
|Now let us go back to our slides. | |Now let us go back to our slides. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:14 |
|We will summarize now. In this tutorial we learned, | |We will summarize now. In this tutorial we learned, | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:18 |
− | |Structure | + | |Structure, Syntax of a structure |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:20 |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|eg. '''struct struct_name; ''' | |eg. '''struct struct_name; ''' | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:23 |
|To access members of a structure. | |To access members of a structure. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:25 |
− | |Eg: | + | |Eg: stud.maths = 75; |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:30 |
|And to add the structure variables. | |And to add the structure variables. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:33 |
− | |Eg: | + | |Eg: total = stud.eng + stud.maths + stud.science; |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:40 |
− | | | + | |As an assignment, write a program to display records of an employee. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:44 |
|Like name, address, designation, and salary. | |Like name, address, designation, and salary. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:49 |
− | |Watch the video available at the link shown below | + | |Watch the video available at the link shown below. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:52 |
− | |It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project | + | |It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:54 |
− | |If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it | + | |If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:59 |
− | |The Spoken Tutorial Project Team | + | |The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:01 |
− | |Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials | + | |Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |06 | + | |06:04 |
− | |Gives certificates to those who pass an online test | + | |Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:08 |
− | |For more details, please write to, contact@spoken-tutorial.org | + | |For more details, please write to, contact@spoken-tutorial.org. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:15 |
− | |Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project | + | |Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:18 |
− | |It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | + | |It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:25 |
− | |More information on this | + | |More information on this mission is available at the link shown below. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:29 |
− | | This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay signing off | + | | This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay, signing off. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:33 |
|Thank You for watching. | |Thank You for watching. |
Latest revision as of 14:47, 24 March 2017
Time | Narration |
00:01 | Welcome to the spoken-tutorial on Structures in C and C++. |
00:06 | In this tutorial we will learn, |
00:08 | What is a Structure. |
00:10 | Declaration of a structure. |
00:13 | We will do this through an example. |
00:15 | To record this tutorial, I am using |
00:18 | Ubuntu Operating System version 11.10, |
00:22 | gcc and g++ Compiler version 4.6.1. |
00:28 | Let us start with an introduction to Structure . |
00:31 | When one or more variables are grouped under one name, it is known as structure. |
00:37 | Structure is used to group different data into one object. |
00:42 | It is called as compound data-type. |
00:45 | It is used to group related information together. |
00:49 | Now we will see the syntax to declare a structure. |
00:52 | Here, the keyword struct tells the compiler that a structure is declared. |
00:59 | strcut_name is the name of the structure. |
01:02 | eg. struct employee; |
01:04 | You can give any name. |
01:07 | Now we will see how to declare a structure variable. |
01:10 | The syntax for this is: |
01:13 | struct struct_name and struct_var; |
01:17 | struct_var is the variable of type struc_name. |
01:21 | example, struct employee addr; |
01:26 | addr is the variable of type employee. |
01:30 | Let us move on to our example. |
01:33 | I have already typed the program on the editor. So, let me open it. |
01:37 | Note that our file name is structure.c. |
01:41 | In this program we will calculate the total marks of three subjects using structure. |
01:48 | Let me explain the code now. |
01:51 | This is our header file. |
01:53 | Here we have declared a structure as student. |
01:57 | Then we have declared three integer variables as English, maths and science. |
02:03 | Variables defined under the structure are called as members of the structure. |
02:09 | This is our main() function. |
02:11 | Here we have declared an integer variable 'total'. |
02:16 | Now we have declared a structure variable stud, stud is the variable of type student, it is used to access and modify the structure members. |
02:28 | Here we have modified the members |
02:31 | by assigning them values as 75, 70 and 65. |
02:37 | Here we calculate the total of three subjects. |
02:41 | Then we print the result. |
02:44 | This is our return statement. |
02:46 | Now click on Save . |
02:48 | Let us execute the program. |
02:50 | Please open the terminal window by pressing |
02:54 | Ctrl, Alt and T keys simultaneously on your keyboard. |
02:59 | To compile, type gcc space structure.c space hyphen o space struct and press Enter. |
03:12 | To execute, type (dot slash)./struct. Press Enter. |
03:17 | The output is displayed as: |
03:20 | Total is 210 |
03:22 | Now we will execute the same program in C++ . |
03:26 | Come back to our program. |
03:28 | I will edit the same code. |
03:30 | First press Shift, Ctrl and S keys simultaneously on the keyboard. |
03:37 | Now save the file with an extension .cpp |
03:41 | and click on save. |
03:43 | Let's change the header file as iostream. |
03:47 | Now include the using statement |
03:53 | and click on save. |
03:56 | Structure declaration in C++ is same as in C. |
04:01 | So, no need to change anything here. |
04:05 | At the end we will replace the printf statement with the cout statement. |
04:12 | Delete the format specifier and (backslash n) \n. |
04:15 | Now delete the comma. |
04:17 | Type two opening angle brackets. |
04:20 | Here, delete the closing bracket |
04:22 | and type two opening angle brackets. |
04:25 | And within the double quotes, type \n (backslash n). |
04:29 | Now click on Save. |
04:31 | Let us execute the program. |
04:33 | Come back to our terminal. |
04:35 | To compile, type g++ space structure.cpp space hyphen o space struct1 . |
04:46 | Here we have struct1 because we don't want to overwrite the output parameters struct for the file structure.c . |
04:55 | Now press Enter. |
04:57 | To execute, type (dot slash) ./struct1. Press Enter. |
05:03 | The output is displayed as: |
05:05 | Total is 210 |
05:08 | You can see that the output is same as our C code. |
05:12 | Now let us go back to our slides. |
05:14 | We will summarize now. In this tutorial we learned, |
05:18 | Structure, Syntax of a structure |
05:20 | eg. struct struct_name; |
05:23 | To access members of a structure. |
05:25 | Eg: stud.maths = 75; |
05:30 | And to add the structure variables. |
05:33 | Eg: total = stud.eng + stud.maths + stud.science; |
05:40 | As an assignment, write a program to display records of an employee. |
05:44 | Like name, address, designation, and salary. |
05:49 | Watch the video available at the link shown below. |
05:52 | It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
05:54 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
05:59 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: |
06:01 | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
06:04 | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
06:08 | For more details, please write to, contact@spoken-tutorial.org. |
06:15 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project. |
06:18 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
06:25 | More information on this mission is available at the link shown below. |
06:29 | This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay, signing off. |
06:33 | Thank You for watching. |
Contributors and Content Editors
Kavita salve, Krupali, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14, Sneha