Difference between revisions of "C-and-C++/C2/Functions/English-timed"
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− | {| border=1 | + | {| border = 1 |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
+ | |'''Time''' | ||
+ | |'''Narration''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:01 |
− | | | + | |Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Functions in C and C++'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | | 00:06 |
− | | In this tutorial we will learn, | + | |In this tutorial we will learn, |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | | 00:09 |
− | | What is a function | + | |What is a '''function''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | | 00:11 |
− | | Syntax of | + | |Syntax of a '''function''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | | 00:13 |
− | | Significance of | + | |Significance of '''return statement''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | | 00:16 |
− | | | + | | We will do this through examples. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | | 00:18 |
− | | We will also see some common errors and their solutions. | + | |We will also see some common errors and their solutions. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | | 00:22 |
− | | To record this tutorial, I am using | + | | To record this tutorial, I am using, |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | | 00:25 |
− | | ''' | + | |'''Ubuntu Operating System''' version 11.10, |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:29 |
− | | | + | | '''gcc''' and '''g++ Compiler''' version 4.6.1 . |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:35 |
− | | | + | |Let us start with the introduction to '''functions'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:39 |
− | | | + | |A '''function''' is a self-contained program executing a specific task. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | | 00:45 |
− | | | + | |Every program consists of one or more '''functions.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 00:49 |
− | | | + | |Once executed, the control will be returned back from where it was accessed. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 00:55 |
− | | | + | |Let us see the syntax for '''function.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 00:59 |
− | | | + | |'''ret-type''' defines the type of data that the '''function returns. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | | 01:05 |
− | |''' | + | |'''fun_name''' defines the name of the function. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:09 |
− | | | + | |'''parameters''' is the list of '''variable''' names and their types. |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 01:14 | ||
+ | |We can specify an '''empty parameter list'''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | | 01:18 |
− | | This is called as functions without arguments. | + | |This is called as '''functions without arguments. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | | 01:21 |
− | | And | + | |And this is called as '''functions with arguments. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | |01:26 |
− | | Let us | + | |Let us see a program using '''void. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:29 |
− | | I have already typed the program on the editor | + | |I have already typed the program on the editor. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:32 |
− | | | + | |So I will open it. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:35 |
− | | Note that our | + | |Note that our file name is '''function. ''' |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 01:38 |
− | | | + | |And I have saved the file with the extension '''.c''' (dot c). |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 01:43 | ||
+ | |Let me explain the code. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 01:45 |
− | | This is our '''header file''' | + | |This is our '''header file. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |01:47 |
− | | Before using any function it must be defined | + | |Before using any '''function''', it must be defined. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |01:51 |
− | | Here we have | + | |Here we have defined a '''function''' called '''add.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |01:54 |
− | | Note that '''add function''' is without any '''arguments''' | + | |Note that '''add function''' is without any '''arguments.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |01:58 |
− | | And the return type is''' void''' | + | |And the return type is '''void. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:01 |
− | | There are two types of functions | + | |There are two types of functions- |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | | 02:03 |
− | | | + | | '''User-defined''' that is our '''add function''' and |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | | 02:06 |
− | | | + | | '''Pre-defined''' that is '''printf''' and '''main function '''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:12 |
− | | | + | | Here we have initialized '''a''' and '''b''' by assigning them values as 2 and 3. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 02:19 |
− | | | + | | Here we have declared a variable '''c. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | | 02:21 |
− | | | + | |Then we add the values of a and b. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | | 02:24 |
− | | | + | |The result is stored in c. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 02:27 |
− | | | + | |Then we print the result. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 02:29 |
− | | This is our main function | + | | This is our '''main function. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 02:32 |
− | | | + | |Here we call the '''add''' function. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 02:34 |
− | | The addition operation will be performed and the result will be printed. | + | |The addition operation will be performed and the result will be printed. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 02:39 |
− | | Now click on Save | + | | Now click on '''Save.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 02:42 |
− | | Let us execute the program | + | |Let us execute the program. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 02:45 |
− | | | + | |Please open the terminal window by pressing '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''T ''' keys simultaneously. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 02:53 |
− | | To compile | + | |To compile, type '''gcc function dot c hyphen o fun'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |03 | + | | 03:00 |
− | | ''' | + | |To execute, type '''./fun''' (dot slash fun). |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:05 |
− | | | + | |We see the output is displayed as '''Sum of a and b is 5 '''. |
− | + | |- | |
+ | | 03:10 | ||
+ | |Now come back to our program. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:13 |
− | | | + | |Functions contain special identifiers called as '''parameters''' or '''arguments.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |03 | + | | 03:20 |
− | | | + | |Let us see the same example with arguments. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |03 | + | | 03:23 |
− | | | + | |I will change a few things here. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 03:27 |
− | | | + | |Type '''int add(int a, int b) ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 03:32 |
− | | | + | |Here we have declared a '''function add. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 03:36 |
− | | | + | |'''int a''' and '''int b''' are the '''arguments''' of the function '''add.''' |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 03:41 |
− | | | + | |Let us delete this.No need to initialize a and b here. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 03:46 |
− | | | + | |Delete the '''printf '''statement. |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 03:49 | ||
+ | |Type '''int main() ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 03:52 |
− | | | + | | Let us declare a variable '''sum''' here. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 03:54 |
− | | | + | |Type '''int sum; ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 03:57 |
− | | | + | |Then type '''sum = add(5,4); ''' |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 04:03 | ||
+ | |Here we call the '''add function.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:05 |
− | | | + | |Then we pass the parameters as 5 and 4. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:10 |
− | | | + | |5 will be stored in '''a''' and 4 will be stored in ''' b. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:14 |
− | | | + | |The addition operation will be performed. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:18 |
− | | | + | |Let us now print the result. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:20 |
− | | | + | |Hence type here '''printf(“Sum is %d\n”, sum);''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:27 |
− | | | + | |Delete this, as we have already called the function above. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:32 |
− | | | + | |Type '''return 0;''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:36 |
− | | | + | |A '''non-void function''' must use a '''return''' statement that returns a value. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:41 |
− | | | + | |Click on '''Save'''. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:43 |
− | | | + | |Let us execute the program. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:45 |
− | | | + | |Come back to our terminal. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:48 |
− | | | + | |Now compile the program as before. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:50 |
− | | | + | |Let us execute. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:52 |
− | | | + | |The output is displayed as '''Sum is 9 '''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04:57 |
− | | | + | |Now let us see how to execute the same program in C++. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 05:02 |
− | | | + | |Come back to our program. |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 05:04 | ||
+ | |Let me change a few things here. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 05:07 |
− | | | + | |First press '''Shift, Ctrl and S''' keys simultaneously. |
− | '''. | + | |- |
+ | | 05:12 | ||
+ | |Now save the file with '''.cpp''' extension. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 05:18 |
− | | | + | |Click on '''Save'''. First we will change the header file as <iostream> |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 05:24 |
− | | ''' | + | |We will include the '''using''' statement here. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 05:28 |
− | | | + | |The '''function declaration''' is same in C++. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 05:32 |
− | | | + | |So there is no need to change anything here. |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 05:37 | ||
+ | |Now replace the '''printf''' statement with the '''cout''' statement, as we use cout<< function to print a line in C++. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 05:48 | ||
+ | |We don't need the '''format specifier''' and '''\n''' here. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 05:52 |
− | | | + | |Delete the '''comma.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 05:54 |
− | | | + | |Now, type two opening '''angle brackets'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 05:58 |
− | | | + | |After sum , again type two opening '''angle brackets'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:03 |
− | | | + | |Within double quotes, type '''backslash n'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | | 06:07 |
− | | | + | |Delete this closing bracket. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:09 |
− | | | + | |Now Click on '''Save. ''' |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:11 |
− | | | + | |Let us compile the program. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:14 |
− | | | + | |Come back to our terminal. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:16 |
− | | | + | |Type '''g++ function dot cpp hyphen o fun1 ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:23 |
− | | | + | |Here we have '''fun1''', this is because we don't want to overwrite the output file '''fun'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:31 |
− | | | + | |Press '''Enter. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:34 |
− | + | |Type '''./fun1 ''' | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | | | + | |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:38 |
− | | | + | |The output is displayed as: Sum is 9 |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:42 |
− | | | + | |Now we will see the common errors which we can come across. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:47 |
− | | | + | |Suppose here, we type x in place of 4. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:51 |
− | | | + | |I will retain the rest of the code as it is. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:55 |
− | | | + | |Click on '''Save.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06:58 |
− | | | + | |Let us compile the program. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:02 |
− | | | + | |We see an error at line no. 10. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:06 |
− | + | |''' 'x' was not declared in this scope'''. | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | | ''' | + | |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:09 |
− | | | + | |This is because 'x' is a '''character''' variable. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:13 |
− | | | + | |It was not declared anywhere. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:15 |
− | | | + | |And our '''add''' function has '''integer''' variable as an '''argument'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:21 |
− | | | + | |So, there is a mismatch in '''return type''' and '''return value'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:25 |
− | | | + | |Now come back to our program. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:27 |
− | | | + | |Let us fix the error. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:30 |
− | | | + | |Type 4 at line no. 10. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:32 |
− | | | + | |Click on '''Save. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:35 |
− | | | + | |Let us execute again. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:37 |
− | | | + | |Let me clear the prompt. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:40 |
− | | | + | |Compile the program as before. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:42 |
− | | | + | |Yes! It is working. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:45 |
− | | | + | |Now we will see another common error which we can come across. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:50 |
− | | | + | |Suppose here we pass only one parameter. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:55 |
− | | | + | |Delete 4. Click on '''Save'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07:58 |
− | | | + | |Switch to the terminal. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:00 |
− | | | + | | Let us compile.We see an error at line no 10. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:06 |
− | | | + | |'''too few arguments to function 'int add (int, int)' ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:11 |
− | | | + | |Switch back to our program. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:14 |
− | | | + | |You can see here we have two parameters |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:19 |
− | | | + | |'''int a '''and '''int b. ''' |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:22 |
− | | | + | |And here we are passing only one parameter. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:25 |
− | | | + | |Hence it is giving an error. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:27 |
− | | | + | |Let us fix the error. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:29 |
− | | | + | |Type 4. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:31 |
− | | | + | |Click on '''Save''' . |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:34 |
− | | | + | |Switch to the terminal. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:36 |
− | | | + | |Let us execute again. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:39 |
− | | | + | |Yes! It is working. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:42 |
− | | | + | |Come back to our slides. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:44 |
− | | | + | |To summarize, in this tutorial we have learnt - |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:49 |
− | | | + | |'''function''' Syntax of '''function''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:51 |
− | | | + | |'''function without arguments''' |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:53 |
− | | | + | |Eg- void add() |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:55 |
− | | Function with arguments | + | |Function with arguments |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08:57 |
− | | | + | |Eg- int add(int a, int b) |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:02 |
− | | Write a program to calculate the square of a number | + | |As an assignment- Write a program to calculate the square of a number. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:07 |
− | | | + | |Watch the video available at the link shown below. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:11 |
− | | It | + | |It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:14 |
− | | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it | + | |If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:18 |
− | | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team | + | |The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:21 |
− | | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials | + | |Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials, |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:24 |
− | | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test | + | |Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:28 |
− | | For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org | + | |For more details, please write to, contact@spoken-tutorial.org |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |09:35 |
− | | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of | + | |Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:40 |
− | | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | + | |It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:47 |
− | | More information on this Mission is available at | + | |More information on this Mission is available at the link shown below. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:52 |
− | | This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay | + | |This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09:55 |
− | | Thank You for joining | + | |Thank You for joining. |
− | + | ||
− | + |
Latest revision as of 12:54, 24 March 2017
Time | Narration |
00:01 | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Functions in C and C++. |
00:06 | In this tutorial we will learn, |
00:09 | What is a function |
00:11 | Syntax of a function |
00:13 | Significance of return statement |
00:16 | We will do this through examples. |
00:18 | We will also see some common errors and their solutions. |
00:22 | To record this tutorial, I am using, |
00:25 | Ubuntu Operating System version 11.10, |
00:29 | gcc and g++ Compiler version 4.6.1 . |
00:35 | Let us start with the introduction to functions. |
00:39 | A function is a self-contained program executing a specific task. |
00:45 | Every program consists of one or more functions. |
00:49 | Once executed, the control will be returned back from where it was accessed. |
00:55 | Let us see the syntax for function. |
00:59 | ret-type defines the type of data that the function returns. |
01:05 | fun_name defines the name of the function. |
01:09 | parameters is the list of variable names and their types. |
01:14 | We can specify an empty parameter list. |
01:18 | This is called as functions without arguments. |
01:21 | And this is called as functions with arguments. |
01:26 | Let us see a program using void. |
01:29 | I have already typed the program on the editor. |
01:32 | So I will open it. |
01:35 | Note that our file name is function. |
01:38 | And I have saved the file with the extension .c (dot c). |
01:43 | Let me explain the code. |
01:45 | This is our header file. |
01:47 | Before using any function, it must be defined. |
01:51 | Here we have defined a function called add. |
01:54 | Note that add function is without any arguments. |
01:58 | And the return type is void. |
02:01 | There are two types of functions- |
02:03 | User-defined that is our add function and |
02:06 | Pre-defined that is printf and main function . |
02:12 | Here we have initialized a and b by assigning them values as 2 and 3. |
02:19 | Here we have declared a variable c. |
02:21 | Then we add the values of a and b. |
02:24 | The result is stored in c. |
02:27 | Then we print the result. |
02:29 | This is our main function. |
02:32 | Here we call the add function. |
02:34 | The addition operation will be performed and the result will be printed. |
02:39 | Now click on Save. |
02:42 | Let us execute the program. |
02:45 | Please open the terminal window by pressing Ctrl, Alt and T keys simultaneously. |
02:53 | To compile, type gcc function dot c hyphen o fun. |
03:00 | To execute, type ./fun (dot slash fun). |
03:05 | We see the output is displayed as Sum of a and b is 5 . |
03:10 | Now come back to our program. |
03:13 | Functions contain special identifiers called as parameters or arguments. |
03:20 | Let us see the same example with arguments. |
03:23 | I will change a few things here. |
03:27 | Type int add(int a, int b) |
03:32 | Here we have declared a function add. |
03:36 | int a and int b are the arguments of the function add. |
03:41 | Let us delete this.No need to initialize a and b here. |
03:46 | Delete the printf statement. |
03:49 | Type int main() |
03:52 | Let us declare a variable sum here. |
03:54 | Type int sum; |
03:57 | Then type sum = add(5,4); |
04:03 | Here we call the add function. |
04:05 | Then we pass the parameters as 5 and 4. |
04:10 | 5 will be stored in a and 4 will be stored in b. |
04:14 | The addition operation will be performed. |
04:18 | Let us now print the result. |
04:20 | Hence type here printf(“Sum is %d\n”, sum); |
04:27 | Delete this, as we have already called the function above. |
04:32 | Type return 0; |
04:36 | A non-void function must use a return statement that returns a value. |
04:41 | Click on Save. |
04:43 | Let us execute the program. |
04:45 | Come back to our terminal. |
04:48 | Now compile the program as before. |
04:50 | Let us execute. |
04:52 | The output is displayed as Sum is 9 . |
04:57 | Now let us see how to execute the same program in C++. |
05:02 | Come back to our program. |
05:04 | Let me change a few things here. |
05:07 | First press Shift, Ctrl and S keys simultaneously. |
05:12 | Now save the file with .cpp extension. |
05:18 | Click on Save. First we will change the header file as <iostream> |
05:24 | We will include the using statement here. |
05:28 | The function declaration is same in C++. |
05:32 | So there is no need to change anything here. |
05:37 | Now replace the printf statement with the cout statement, as we use cout<< function to print a line in C++. |
05:48 | We don't need the format specifier and \n here. |
05:52 | Delete the comma. |
05:54 | Now, type two opening angle brackets. |
05:58 | After sum , again type two opening angle brackets. |
06:03 | Within double quotes, type backslash n. |
06:07 | Delete this closing bracket. |
06:09 | Now Click on Save. |
06:11 | Let us compile the program. |
06:14 | Come back to our terminal. |
06:16 | Type g++ function dot cpp hyphen o fun1 |
06:23 | Here we have fun1, this is because we don't want to overwrite the output file fun. |
06:31 | Press Enter. |
06:34 | Type ./fun1 |
06:38 | The output is displayed as: Sum is 9 |
06:42 | Now we will see the common errors which we can come across. |
06:47 | Suppose here, we type x in place of 4. |
06:51 | I will retain the rest of the code as it is. |
06:55 | Click on Save. |
06:58 | Let us compile the program. |
07:02 | We see an error at line no. 10. |
07:06 | 'x' was not declared in this scope. |
07:09 | This is because 'x' is a character variable. |
07:13 | It was not declared anywhere. |
07:15 | And our add function has integer variable as an argument. |
07:21 | So, there is a mismatch in return type and return value. |
07:25 | Now come back to our program. |
07:27 | Let us fix the error. |
07:30 | Type 4 at line no. 10. |
07:32 | Click on Save. |
07:35 | Let us execute again. |
07:37 | Let me clear the prompt. |
07:40 | Compile the program as before. |
07:42 | Yes! It is working. |
07:45 | Now we will see another common error which we can come across. |
07:50 | Suppose here we pass only one parameter. |
07:55 | Delete 4. Click on Save. |
07:58 | Switch to the terminal. |
08:00 | Let us compile.We see an error at line no 10. |
08:06 | too few arguments to function 'int add (int, int)' |
08:11 | Switch back to our program. |
08:14 | You can see here we have two parameters |
08:19 | int a and int b. |
08:22 | And here we are passing only one parameter. |
08:25 | Hence it is giving an error. |
08:27 | Let us fix the error. |
08:29 | Type 4. |
08:31 | Click on Save . |
08:34 | Switch to the terminal. |
08:36 | Let us execute again. |
08:39 | Yes! It is working. |
08:42 | Come back to our slides. |
08:44 | To summarize, in this tutorial we have learnt - |
08:49 | function Syntax of function |
08:51 | function without arguments |
08:53 | Eg- void add() |
08:55 | Function with arguments |
08:57 | Eg- int add(int a, int b) |
09:02 | As an assignment- Write a program to calculate the square of a number. |
09:07 | Watch the video available at the link shown below. |
09:11 | It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
09:14 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
09:18 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: |
09:21 | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials, |
09:24 | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
09:28 | For more details, please write to, contact@spoken-tutorial.org |
09:35 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project. |
09:40 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
09:47 | More information on this Mission is available at the link shown below. |
09:52 | This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay. |
09:55 | Thank You for joining. |
Contributors and Content Editors
Ashwini, Kavita salve, Krupali, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14