Difference between revisions of "LaTeX/C2/Tables-and-Figures/English-timed"

|The first one is to explain how to create '''tables''' using the tabular environment; the second objective is to explain how to include tables in latex documents using the table environment.  

|Today’s date appears in the last column created by this command.  

| I will now explain to you how to create this table in a step-by-step fashion.  

|Ill compile this and start with a clean slate.  

|The tabular environment is created using begin tabular and end tabular commands.  

|The ‘r r’ characters within the braces next to the begin tabular say that there are two columns and that they are right aligned.

| In the first line, the entries are mango and mixed.  

|Two reverse slashes indicate next line.  

|Jackfruit.  

|Kolli hills.  

|Banana.  

|Green.  

|Let me end this tabular environment.  

|And this has appeared here.  

|We get the 3 by 2 table, there are three rows and 2 columns.  

|The two columns are right aligned as indicated by the r r character.  

|So let me put that vertical line.  

|Save it.

|Compile it.  

|So these have come.  

|Lets put a ‘c’ here, to say that the second column should be center aligned.  

|This is center aligned now.  

|Let us make the first column left aligned.  

|Right now it is right aligned let me make them left aligned.

| L,  

|Now it is left aligned.  

| Lets put a h-line here.

| Let us see what happens when we do that.  

|If I put another h-line here,  

|see a line has come.

|So let me complete this.

| Let me put h-line.

| Here I have to put a break line with two reverse slashes and then h-line.

| H-line begins from the beginning of the sentence.  

|So now I have completed the horizontal lines.  

|Now let us add three more columns and one more row.  

|So what I do is, I come here, and C , C, R.  

|So I have added three more columns, first two of them are center aligned the third one is right aligned.  

|fruit

| type

|number of units

| cost per unit

|cost rupees

|h-line.  

|So mixed

|20

|75 rupees

| 1500 rupees.  

|Jackfruit

|10 of them

|50 rupees

|500 rupees.

| Banana green

|10 dozens

|20 rupees a dozen and 200 rupees total.  

|So let’s see whether we can compile this.

| So it has created the table.  

|See the need for right alignment, this is so that we can add these numbers.  

|Suppose that we want to split the columns in two.

| For example, here these two columns have fruit details and these three have cost calculations.

| So this is done with the help of, what is known as multi-column command.  

|Multi-column

| center-aligned

| Fruit Details.  

|First two are over then I put a tab to indicate the next column.  

| Multi-column, three, also to be center-aligned.

| Cost within braces – cost calculations

|slash h-line.  

|So there you are.  

|The first two have the title fruit details, the next three have the title cost calculations.

| I don’t have the vertical lines that’s because I didn’t tell latex to do that. So let’s do that.

| Here I want two vertical lines, here I want 1 vertical line.  

|Before this I already have the line here so let me just put this here.  

|So now the vertical lines have also come.  

|Because these 2 and 3 are single character arguments its possible to write them without braces.  

|Okay, Same thing works.  

| So we explain this as follows.  

|Let me split this mango, instead of mixed let me call this Malgoa,

|and then 18 kilograms

|50 kilograms

|let me delete this  

|okay.

|And here let me say that it is Alfanso

|2 dozens

|300 rupees a dozen, and a total of 1500.  

|Let’s see what happens when I save this. Compile this.

| So I’ve got this, what happens is this line comes here and as well as here and I don’t want this and this. So this is taken care of by saying instead of this horizontal line, I want a C line and between the columns 2 and 4.

|So I should have done this here.  

|H-line here.  

|C-line 2 to 4.  

|So this central line has split the mangoes into two of the most popular mangoes in India.  

|We will conclude this example, conclude this table with a last row.  

| Multi-column four

| 2 vertical lines, right-aligned

|Total cost

| Rupees.  

|h-line.  

|So this was the table that we started with at the beginning of this tutorial.  

|How do we work with the tables created using the tabular environment?  

|Latex treats the entire table created using the tabular environment as a single object.  

|For example, if you write,  

|this is

| an  

|This is an example table

|What happens is this table gets sandwiched between these two. This is an example to, example table.  

|This table appears in a running sentence.

| It is possible to include tables using a centre environment.  

|A more common approach is to include it in the table environment. As we show now.

| Begin.

|Table.

|So what happens is now ‘this is an example table’.  

|This statement comes separately and whatever that appeared between this ‘begin’ and ‘end’ table have been placed separately as a table.

| In other words, even though the table appear in between some text, it has been put separately.  

|What I can do is give a command here called ‘centering’.

|To place this at the center of the document.  

|Let us now create a caption.  

|Table caption is put before the table.  

|Let me put a caption here

|Caption – cost of fruits in India.  

|So the caption has come.

| This is too close; I want to leave a small space.

| Let me do that by giving through this v-space command 1 ex.  

|So I have left this vertical space.  

|So now it looks okay.  

|Let me delete this,

| Now there is some write up about these fruits.  

|So as before the table got placed at the top of this page.

| Let me put some more text here.

| Four copies.

| So now what has happened is  

|there is nothing else here so it has been placed at the middle of this page.

| Let me put one more copy of this, some more text.  

|So now what has happened is  

|As in equations, we can also create labels and use them for referencing.  

|For example  

|you give this command below the caption command.  

|You have to give it below the caption command because it is the caption command that creates the table number.  

|For example, here table 1 has been created automatically by this caption command.

| If you put the label after this, this label will refer to the number created using the caption command.  

|So label  

| fruits.

|So let me just go back and say

|The cost of these fruits is shown in Table reference, you have to give the label, it should be the same as this  

|tab fruits

| Let me compile it.

|So there it is.

|On first compilation, this variable is not assigned.  

|We can create a list of tables automatically.

|As we explain now.  

|After the ‘make title’, suppose we want this ‘list of tables’ - one word, is the command.

| So what has happened is  

| it has created a list of tables.  

|So this is in page 3.  

|So lets go back and compile it once more

|so there you are, it is in page 3.  

| Alright, this comes to the end of this part in which we explained tables.  

|We will now explain how to create figures using the command called ‘include graphics’.  

|So for this we need to include this package called ‘graphicx’.  

|and say, the command is as follows. Begin, figure,

|include graphics,

|width equals.  

|I have a file called iitb.pdf.  

|So it has also been put at the top of this page.  

|Alright! What I will do is, so let me just, this is for if I want to use the entire line width .

| Suppose I want to use point 5, that is half a line width,

| And note that it has been left aligned.  

| as in the table I can say ‘centering’,

| which will center this at the middle.  

|I can also create a caption, figure captions are created after the figure is included.  

| ‘Golden Jubilee logo of IIT Bombay.

| Okay, as before I can create a label and refer to it using the ‘ref’ command.  

|I can also make this list of figures appear along with the list of tables.

| So suppose I want list of figures also.  

|Ill compile it.

| I will compile it twice  

| and there it is. List of figures also comes automatically.  

|This is done by the angle option.  

|Suppose angle, I want to rotate by 90 degrees.  

|So lets go to this figure.

|So this has been rotated by 90 degrees.  

|Rotate it by minus 90,.  

| alright So this is the way to include figures.  

|Here I am assuming that iitb.pdf is available.  

|The beginners of latex should compile after every few changes to the source document and make sure that what they have entered is correct.  

|This is Kannan Moudgalya signing off. Good-bye.