Difference between revisions of "BASH/C3/Basics-of-functions/English-timed"

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{|border = 1
 
{|border = 1
−
| '''Visual Cue'''
+
| '''Time'''
 
| '''Narration'''
 
| '''Narration'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00.01
+
|00:01
−
| Dear friends, Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Basics of functions in Bash.'''
+
| Dear friends, welcome to the '''spoken tutorial''' on '''Basics of functions''' in '''Bash.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00.08
+
|00:08
−
| In this tutorial, we will learn
+
| In this tutorial, we will learn:
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  00.11
+
|  00:11
−
|* Importance of '''Functions'''
+
|Importance of '''Functions'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  00.13
+
|  00:13
−
|* To declare a''' function'''
+
|To declare a''' function'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  00.15
+
|  00:15
−
|* To call a''' function'''
+
|To call a''' function'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  00.17
+
|  00:17
−
|* Work flow of a '''function'''
+
|Work flow of a '''function'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00.19
+
|00:19
−
|* with the help of an example  
+
| with the help of an example.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00.22
+
|00:22
−
| To follow this tutorial you should have knowledge of '''Shell Scripting''' in''' BASH.'''
+
| To follow this tutorial, you should have knowledge of '''Shell Scripting''' in''' BASH.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00.28
+
|00:28
−
|If not, for relevant tutorials please visit our website which is as shown,'''http://www.spoken-tutorial.org'''
+
|If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website which is as shown. '''http://www.spoken-tutorial.org'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00.34
+
|00:34
−
| For this tutorial I am using''' Ubuntu Linux''' 12.04''' Operating System'''  
+
|For this tutorial, I am using''' Ubuntu Linux''' 12.04''' Operating System'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00.40
+
|00:40
 
|Till now we were using '''GNU BASH '''version 4.1.10
 
|Till now we were using '''GNU BASH '''version 4.1.10
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00.46
+
|00:46
 
|From now onwards, we will use '''GNU BASH''' version 4.2
 
|From now onwards, we will use '''GNU BASH''' version 4.2
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00.52
+
|00:52
−
|Please note,''' GNU Bash version 4''' or above is recommended for practice.
+
|Please note,''' GNU Bash''' version 4 or above is recommended for practice.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00.58
+
|00:58
 
| Let us see what is a''' function''' and its usage.
 
| Let us see what is a''' function''' and its usage.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.03
+
|01:03
−
| * A '''function''' is a collection of commands or an algorithm.
+
| A '''function''' is a collection of '''commands''' or an '''algorithm'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.08
+
|01:08
−
|* It is intended to do a specific task.
+
| It is intended to do a specific task.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.12
+
|01:12
−
|* It is used to break up a complex program into separate tasks.
+
| It is used to break-up a complex program into separate tasks.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.18
+
|01:18
−
|* This improves overall script readability and ease of use.
+
|This improves overall script readability and ease of use.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.24
+
|01:24
−
| There are two syntaxes for '''function''' declaration.
+
|There are two syntaxes for '''function''' declaration.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.28
+
|01:28
−
| First syntax is
+
| First syntax is-'''function space function_name'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.29
+
|01:32  
−
|'''function space function underscore name'''
+
−
 
+
−
|-
+
−
| 01.32  
+
 
|within curly brackets,  
 
|within curly brackets,  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.34
+
|01:34
−
|the '''commands''' to be executed
+
|the '''commands''' to be executed.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.37
+
|01:37
−
| The second syntax is
+
|The second syntax is-
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.39
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|01:39
−
|'''function underscore name open and close round brackets'''
+
|'''function_name open and close round brackets'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.42
+
|01:42
−
|within curly barckets,  
+
|within curly brackets,  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.44
+
|01:44
−
|the '''commands''' to be executed
+
|the '''commands''' to be executed.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.47
+
|01:47
−
| '''Function call'''
+
| '''Function call'''-'''Function''' can be called anywhere within the program.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 01.48
+
|01:53
−
|'''Function''' can be called anywhere within the program.
+
−
 
+
−
|-
+
−
|  01.53
+
 
|Type the '''function name '''at the location where you want to call it.
 
|Type the '''function name '''at the location where you want to call it.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  01.58
+
|  01:58
−
|The syntax is the''' function name '''itself.
+
|The syntax is the''' function_name '''itself.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 02.02
+
| 02:02
 
| Let us understand this with the help of a simple example.
 
| Let us understand this with the help of a simple example.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 02.07
+
| 02:07
−
| I have already typed the code in a file '''function.sh'''  
+
| I have already typed the code in a file '''function.sh'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 02.12
+
| 02:12
 
| This is the''' shebang line'''.
 
| This is the''' shebang line'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 02.14
+
| 02:14
 
| '''Function''' is declared by the keyword '''function''' followed by '''function name'''.  
 
| '''Function''' is declared by the keyword '''function''' followed by '''function name'''.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  02.21
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|  02:21
−
|Here, '''function name''' is '''machine'''.
+
|Here, the '''function name''' is '''machine'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 02.26
+
| 02:26
−
| The content within curly brackets is called '''function definition'''.
+
| The contents within curly brackets is called '''function definition'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  02.32
+
|  02:32
 
|I have displayed various machine details like-
 
|I have displayed various machine details like-
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  02.36
+
|  02:36
 
|'''uname hyphen a '''gives machine information.
 
|'''uname hyphen a '''gives machine information.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  02.41
+
|  02:41
 
|'''w hyphen h '''gives users logged onto system.
 
|'''w hyphen h '''gives users logged onto system.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  02.46
+
|  02:46
 
|'''uptime '''gives the time since machine was on.
 
|'''uptime '''gives the time since machine was on.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  02.51
+
|  02:51
 
|'''free''' gives memory status.
 
|'''free''' gives memory status.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  02.54
+
|  02:54
 
|'''df hyphen h''' gives filesystem status.
 
|'''df hyphen h''' gives filesystem status.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 02.57
+
| 02:57
 
| The main program starts here.  
 
| The main program starts here.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|03.01   
+
|03:01   
−
|We display the message ''' “Beginning of main program” '''
+
|We display the message ''' “Beginning of main program” '''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03.06
+
| 03:06
 
| Here,''' machine '''is a '''function call. '''
 
| Here,''' machine '''is a '''function call. '''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03.09
+
| 03:09
−
| Then we display the message '''“End of main program”'''
+
| Then we display the message '''“End of main program”'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03.13
+
| 03:13
 
| Let us understand the workflow.
 
| Let us understand the workflow.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  03.16
+
|  03:16
−
|# When the '''bash interpreter''' visits the '''function definition''', it simply scans the '''function.'''
+
|When the '''bash interpreter''' visits the '''function definition''', it simply scans the '''function.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  03.23
+
|  03:23
−
|# The '''function''' is called only when its name appears within the script.
+
|The '''function''' is called only when its name appears within the script.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03.28
+
|03:28
−
|# When the '''interpreter''' reads the '''function name''', it executes the '''function definition.'''  
+
| When the '''interpreter''' reads the '''function name''', it executes the '''function definition.'''  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03.36
+
|03:36
−
| The '''interperter''' treats '''function name '''as a command.
+
| The '''interpreter''' treats '''function name '''as a command.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03.41
+
|03:41
 
|Please remember that we have to '''define''' the '''function''' before '''calling''' it.
 
|Please remember that we have to '''define''' the '''function''' before '''calling''' it.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03.47
+
| 03:47
−
| Now go to the''' terminal.''' To make this code file'' ''executable
+
| Now go to the''' terminal.''' To make this code file'' ''executable,
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  03.52
+
|  03:52
−
|Type: '''chmod space plus x space function dot sh'''
+
|type: '''chmod space plus x space function dot sh'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  03.59
+
|  03:59
 
|Press '''Enter.'''
 
|Press '''Enter.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 04.01
+
| 04:01
−
|  type '''dot slash function dot sh'''  
+
|  Type: '''dot slash function dot sh'''  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  04.05
+
|  04:05
 
|Press '''Enter.'''
 
|Press '''Enter.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 04.07
+
| 04:07
−
| The output that is the machine details of my system, are seen on the '''terminal.'''
+
| The '''output''' that is the machine details of my system are seen on the '''terminal.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  04.14
+
|  04:14
−
|Please Note: The output will vary from system to system.
+
|Please Note: The '''output''' will vary from system to system.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  04.19
+
|  04:19
 
|This brings us to the end of this tutorial.
 
|This brings us to the end of this tutorial.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  04.22
+
|  04:22
−
|Come back to our slides.
+
|Come back to our '''slides'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 04.24
+
| 04:24
−
| Let us summarize.  
+
| Let us summarize. In this tutorial, we learned:
−
 
+
−
|-
+
−
|  04.25
+
−
|In this tutorial we learnt,
+
−
 
+
−
|-
+
−
|  04.28
+
−
|* Importance of '''functions'''
+
−
|-
+
−
|  04.30
+
−
|* '''Function declaration'''
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  04.32
+
|  04:28
−
|* '''Function call'''
+
|Importance of '''functions'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 04.33
+
|04:30
−
|* Work flow of '''function'''
+
|'''Function declaration'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 04.35
+
|04:32
−
|* with an example
+
|'''Function call''' Work flow of '''function'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 04.37
+
| 04:35
−
| As an assignment.
+
| with an example.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 04.38
+
| 04:37
−
|Write a program with two functions
+
| As an assignment-write a program with two functions.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  04.42
+
|  04:42
−
|# The first function should display the diskspace usage in human readable form '''(Hint: df hyphen h)'''
+
|The first function should display the disk-space usage in human readable form (Hint: df hyphen h).
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 04.51
+
|04:51
−
|# The second function should display filesystem usage in human readable form '''(Hint: du hyphen h)'''
+
|The second function should display filesystem usage in human readable form (Hint: du hyphen h).
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 05.00
+
| 05:00
−
| Watch the video available at the link shown below
+
| Watch the video available at the link shown below.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  05.03
+
|  05:03
−
|It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project
+
|It summarizes the Spoken-Tutorial project.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  05.07
+
|  05:07
−
|If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it
+
|If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  05.12
+
|  05:12
−
| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
+
| The Spoken Tutorial Project team: Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials;
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  05.17
+
|  05:17
−
|Gives certificates to those who pass an online test
+
|Gives certificates to those who pass an online test.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  05.21
+
|  05:21
 
|For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org
 
|For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  05.29
+
|  05:29
−
| Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
+
| '''Spoken Tutorial''' Project is a part of the '''Talk to a Teacher''' project.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 05.33  
+
| 05:33  
−
|It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India
+
|It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  05.41
+
|  05:41
−
|More information on this Mission is available at the link shown below: http://spoken-tutorial.org\NMEICT-Intro
+
|More information on this mission is available at the link shown below: http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  05.47
+
|  05:47
−
| The script has been contributed by FOSSEE and spoken-tutorial team
+
| The script has been contributed by FOSSEE and spoken-tutorial team.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  05.52
+
|  05:52
−
|This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay. Signing off
+
|This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay, signing off.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  05.56
+
|  05:56
 
|Thank you for joining.
 
|Thank you for joining.
  
 
|}
 
|}

Latest revision as of 17:08, 23 March 2017

Time Narration
00:01 Dear friends, welcome to the spoken tutorial on Basics of functions in Bash.
00:08 In this tutorial, we will learn:
00:11 Importance of Functions
00:13 To declare a function
00:15 To call a function
00:17 Work flow of a function
00:19 with the help of an example.
00:22 To follow this tutorial, you should have knowledge of Shell Scripting in BASH.
00:28 If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website which is as shown. http://www.spoken-tutorial.org
00:34 For this tutorial, I am using Ubuntu Linux 12.04 Operating System.
00:40 Till now we were using GNU BASH version 4.1.10
00:46 From now onwards, we will use GNU BASH version 4.2
00:52 Please note, GNU Bash version 4 or above is recommended for practice.
00:58 Let us see what is a function and its usage.
01:03 A function is a collection of commands or an algorithm.
01:08 It is intended to do a specific task.
01:12 It is used to break-up a complex program into separate tasks.
01:18 This improves overall script readability and ease of use.
01:24 There are two syntaxes for function declaration.
01:28 First syntax is-function space function_name
01:32 within curly brackets,
01:34 the commands to be executed.
01:37 The second syntax is-
01:39 function_name open and close round brackets
01:42 within curly brackets,
01:44 the commands to be executed.
01:47 Function call-Function can be called anywhere within the program.
01:53 Type the function name at the location where you want to call it.
01:58 The syntax is the function_name itself.
02:02 Let us understand this with the help of a simple example.
02:07 I have already typed the code in a file function.sh.
02:12 This is the shebang line.
02:14 Function is declared by the keyword function followed by function name.
02:21 Here, the function name is machine.
02:26 The contents within curly brackets is called function definition.
02:32 I have displayed various machine details like-
02:36 uname hyphen a gives machine information.
02:41 w hyphen h gives users logged onto system.
02:46 uptime gives the time since machine was on.
02:51 free gives memory status.
02:54 df hyphen h gives filesystem status.
02:57 The main program starts here.
03:01 We display the message “Beginning of main program” .
03:06 Here, machine is a function call.
03:09 Then we display the message “End of main program”.
03:13 Let us understand the workflow.
03:16 When the bash interpreter visits the function definition, it simply scans the function.
03:23 The function is called only when its name appears within the script.
03:28 When the interpreter reads the function name, it executes the function definition.
03:36 The interpreter treats function name as a command.
03:41 Please remember that we have to define the function before calling it.
03:47 Now go to the terminal. To make this code file executable,
03:52 type: chmod space plus x space function dot sh
03:59 Press Enter.
04:01 Type: dot slash function dot sh
04:05 Press Enter.
04:07 The output that is the machine details of my system are seen on the terminal.
04:14 Please Note: The output will vary from system to system.
04:19 This brings us to the end of this tutorial.
04:22 Come back to our slides.
04:24 Let us summarize. In this tutorial, we learned:
04:28 Importance of functions
04:30 Function declaration
04:32 Function call Work flow of function
04:35 with an example.
04:37 As an assignment-write a program with two functions.
04:42 The first function should display the disk-space usage in human readable form (Hint: df hyphen h).
04:51 The second function should display filesystem usage in human readable form (Hint: du hyphen h).
05:00 Watch the video available at the link shown below.
05:03 It summarizes the Spoken-Tutorial project.
05:07 If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
05:12 The Spoken Tutorial Project team: Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials;
05:17 Gives certificates to those who pass an online test.
05:21 For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org
05:29 Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project.
05:33 It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
05:41 More information on this mission is available at the link shown below: http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro
05:47 The script has been contributed by FOSSEE and spoken-tutorial team.
05:52 This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay, signing off.
05:56 Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Gaurav, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14

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