Difference between revisions of "PERL/C2/for-for-each-loops/English-timed"

From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
Jump to: navigation, search
 
(6 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown)
Line 5: Line 5:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:01
 
| 00:01
−
|Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''for '''and''' foreach Loops''' in '''Perl'''
+
|Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''for '''and''' foreach Loops''' in '''Perl'''.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 12: Line 12:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|00:11
 
|00:11
−
|'''foreach''' loop in '''Perl'''
+
|'''foreach''' loop in '''Perl'''.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|00:13
 
|00:13
−
| I am using '''Ubuntu Linux12.04''' operating system and '''Perl 5.14.2'''
+
| I am using '''Ubuntu Linux 12.04''' operating system and '''Perl 5.14.2'''.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 28: Line 28:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:29
 
| 00:29
−
| You should have basic knowledge of '''Variables '''and''' Comments '''in''' Perl.'''
+
| You should have basic knowledge of variables and comments in''' Perl.'''
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 40: Line 40:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:49
 
| 00:49
−
|  There are various types of loops in Perl;
+
|  There are various types of loops in Perl:
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|00:52
 
|00:52
−
|'''for loop'''
+
|'''for loop''', '''foreach loop'''
−
+
−
|-
+
−
|00:53
+
−
|'''foreach loop'''
+
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|00:54
 
|00:54
−
|'''while loop &'''
+
|'''while loop''' and '''do-while loop'''.
−
+
−
|-
+
−
|00:55
+
−
|'''do-while loop'''
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|00:56
 
|00:56
−
|In this tutorial, we'll cover '''for''' and '''foreach loop'''.
+
|In this tutorial, we will cover '''for''' and '''foreach loop'''.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|01:01
 
|01:01
−
| '''for '''loop in '''Perl''' can be used to execute a piece of code for a certain number of times.
+
| '''for''' loop in '''Perl''' can be used to execute a piece of code for a certain number of times.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 74: Line 66:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|01:20
 
|01:20
−
|close bracket''' Press '''Enter'''
+
|close bracket''', press '''Enter'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|01:22
 
|01:22
−
|Open curly brackets
+
|Open curly brackets,
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|01:24
 
|01:24
−
|Piece of code to be executed multiple times
+
|piece of code to be executed multiple times,
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|01:28
 
|01:28
−
|Close curly brackets
+
|close curly brackets.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 94: Line 86:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 01:33
 
| 01:33
−
| Open the '''Terminal''' and type; '''gedit forLoop.pl space & (ampersand)'''
+
| Open the '''Terminal''' and type: '''gedit forLoop.pl space & (ampersand)'''
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|01:42
 
|01:42
−
|and press''' Enter'''
+
|and press''' Enter'''. This will open the '''forLoop.pl''' file in '''gedit'''.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:43
+
|01:48
−
|  This will open the '''forLoop.pl''' file in '''gedit'''.
+
| Type the following piece of code: '''hash exclamation mark slash u s r slash bin slash perl'''
−
+
−
|-
+
−
| 1:48
+
−
| Type the following piece of code;'''hash exclamation mark slash u s r slash bin slash perl'''
+
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|01:58
 
|01:58
−
|Press '''Enter'''
+
|press '''Enter'''.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 118: Line 106:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|02:18
 
|02:18
−
|space
+
|space Open curly bracket  press '''Enter'''.
−
+
−
|-
+
−
|02:19
+
−
|Open curly bracket  press enter
+
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|02:21
 
|02:21
−
| type'''print space double quote Value of i colon space dollar i slash n''' close double quote '''semicolon '''
+
| Type: '''print space double quote Value of i colon <space> dollar i backslash n''' double quote complete semicolon  
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|02:35
 
|02:35
−
| And Press '''Enter'''  
+
| and press '''Enter'''. Now close curly bracket.
−
+
−
|-
+
−
|02:36
+
−
|now close curly bracket
+
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 143: Line 123:
 
| 02:42     
 
| 02:42     
 
| Let me explain what the '''for''' loop does.
 
| Let me explain what the '''for''' loop does.
 +
 
|-
 
|-
 
|02:46
 
|02:46
Line 161: Line 142:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:05
 
| 03:05
−
| This means the first '''print''' statement  '''"Value of i colon 0"'''
+
|This means the first print statement  "Value of i colon 0"
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|03:11
 
|03:11
−
|will be displayed on the '''terminal'''.
+
|will be displayed on the terminal.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03:14
+
|03:14
−
| After this, the variable '''i''' is incremented by '''1.'''
+
| After this, the variable 'i' is incremented by 1.  
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
−
|   03:18
+
| 03:18
 
| And the '''for''' loop condition is checked once again.
 
| And the '''for''' loop condition is checked once again.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|03:23
 
|03:23
−
|This loop will exit when the value of''' i''' becomes greater than '''4'''.
+
|This loop will exit when the value of ' i' becomes greater than 4.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03:29
+
|03:29
−
| In this case, the '''for''' loop will be executed for '''i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4'''
+
|In this case, the '''for''' loop will be executed for i = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|03:38
 
|03:38
−
|which is a total of '''5 '''times.
+
|which is a total of 5 times.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03:41
+
|03:41
−
| Now, switch to '''terminal'''.
+
|Now, switch to terminal.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03:44
+
|03:44
−
| Type the following to check for any compilation or syntax error:
+
|Type the following to check for any compilation or syntax error:
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 204: Line 185:
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 03:56
+
|03:56
−
| Here it displays a message  
+
|Here it displays a message:
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|03:58
 
|03:58
−
|'''forLoop.pl syntax OK'''
+
|'''forLoop.pl syntax OK'''.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 216: Line 197:
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 04:03
+
|04:03
−
| Now, let's execute the '''Perl''' script by typing '''perl forLoop dot pl''' and press '''Enter.'''
+
| Now, let us execute the '''Perl''' script by typing '''perl forLoop dot pl''' and press '''Enter.'''
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
−
|   04:11
+
|04:11
−
| The following output will be shown on terminal.
+
|The following output will be shown on the terminal.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 04:16
+
|04:16
 
| Now, let us look at  '''foreach '''loop.
 
| Now, let us look at  '''foreach '''loop.
 
   
 
   
Line 241: Line 222:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|04:37
 
|04:37
−
|'''perform action on each element of an array ''' Press '''Enter'''
+
|'''perform action on each element of an array ''' press '''Enter''',
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|04:42
 
|04:42
−
|Close the curly bracket.
+
|close the curly bracket.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|04:44
 
|04:44
−
|'''Please note: '''We'll cover array, array initialization and defining an array in subsequent tutorials.
+
|Please note: We'll cover array, array initialization and defining an array in subsequent tutorials.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 257: Line 238:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 04:56
 
| 04:56
−
|  Open the '''Terminal''' and type '''gedit foreachLoop dot pl space ampersand'''and Press''' Enter'''
+
|  Open the Terminal and type: '''gedit foreachLoop dot pl space ampersand''' and press''' Enter'''.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 265: Line 246:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|05:12
 
|05:12
−
| Type the following piece of code
+
| Type the following piece of code:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|05:15
 
|05:15
−
|'''hash exclamation mark slash u s r slash bin slash perl''' and Press '''Enter'''
+
|'''hash exclamation mark slash u s r slash bin slash perl''' and press '''Enter'''.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|05:25
 
|05:25
−
|'''at the rate myarray space is equal to space open bracket ten comma twenty comma thirty close bracket semicolon'''
+
|'''at the rate myarray space equal to space open bracket ten comma twenty comma thirty close the bracket semicolon'''
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|05:39
 
|05:39
−
|press enter
+
|press '''Enter'''.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|05:41
 
|05:41
−
|'''foreach space dollar var space open bracket at the rate myarray close bracket space'''
+
|'''foreach space dollar var space open bracket at the rate myarray close the bracket space'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|05:52
 
|05:52
−
|Open curly bracket press enter and type
+
|open curly bracket press '''Enter''' and type:
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|05:56
 
|05:56
−
|'''print space double quote Element of an array is colon dollar var slash n'' close double quote  '''semicolon'''
+
|'''print space double quotes Element of an array is colon dollar var backslash n'''  double quotes complete semicolon  
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|06:13
 
|06:13
−
|Press '''Enter''' and Close the curly bracket
+
|press '''Enter''' and close the curly bracket.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 06:17
+
|06:17
−
| Press '''ctrl+s''' to '''save''' the file.
+
|Press '''Ctrl+s''' to '''save''' the file.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 307: Line 288:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  06:33
 
|  06:33
−
|  In each iteration of foreach loop dollar var will contain the single element of an array
+
|  In each iteration of '''foreach''' loop, 'dollar var' ($var) will contain the single element of an array.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 319: Line 300:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  06:55
 
|  06:55
−
| '''Back-slash n''' will place the prompt on a new line.
+
| '''Back-slash n''' (\n) will place the prompt on a new line.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  07:00
 
|  07:00
−
| This means the first '''element''' ''''10'''' will be displayed on the terminal.
+
| This means, the first '''element''' 10 will be displayed on the terminal.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 339: Line 320:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|07:24
 
|07:24
−
|type '''perl hyphen c foreachLoop dot pl'''and press''' Enter.'''
+
|Type: '''perl hyphen c foreachLoop dot pl''' and press''' Enter.'''
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:32
 
| 07:32
−
|  The following line will be shown on terminal
+
|  The following line will be shown on the terminal.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 351: Line 332:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|07:38
 
|07:38
−
|So let us execute the '''Perl''' script.
+
|So, let us execute the '''Perl''' script.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|07:41
 
|07:41
−
|Type  '''perl foreachLoop dot pl''' and press '''Enter'''
+
|Type: '''perl foreachLoop dot pl''' and press '''Enter'''.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:48
 
| 07:48
−
|   The following output will be shown on terminal.
+
| The following output will be shown on the terminal.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  07:54
 
|  07:54
Line 366: Line 347:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  07:57
 
|  07:57
−
| Let us summarize.
+
| Let us summarize.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 378: Line 359:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|08:06
 
|08:06
−
|using some sample programs.
+
|using some sample programs. Here is an assignment for you -
−
+
−
|-
+
−
| 08:07
+
−
|  Here is an assignment for you -
+
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|08:10
 
|08:10
−
| Declare a string as 'Spoken Tutorial' and  
+
| Declare a '''string''' as 'Spoken Tutorial' and  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|08:13
 
|08:13
−
| Print it 5 times
+
| print it 5 times.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|08:16
 
|08:16
Line 395: Line 372:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|08:32
 
|08:32
−
| Print the element of an array using '''foreach''' loop
+
| print the element of an array using '''foreach''' loop.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|08:36
 
|08:36
−
|Watch the video available at the following link
+
|Watch the video available at the following link.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|08:40
 
|08:40
−
|It summaries the Spoken Tutorial project
+
|It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|08:43
 
|08:43
−
|If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it
+
|If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 08:48
 
| 08:48
−
|  The Spoken Tutorial Project Team  Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
+
|  The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|08:55
 
|08:55
−
|Gives certificates to those who pass an online test
+
|Gives certificates to those who pass an online test.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|08:59
 
|08:59
−
|For more details, please write to contact at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org
+
|For more details, please write to contact at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:07
 
| 09:07
−
|  Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
+
|  "Spoken Tutorial" project is a part of the "Talk to a Teacher" project.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 431: Line 408:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|09:20
 
|09:20
−
|More information on this Mission is available spoken hyphen tutorial dot org slash NMEICT hyphen Intro
+
|More information on this mission is available at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org slash NMEICT hyphen Intro.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:31
 
| 09:31
−
| Hope you enjoyed this Perl tutorial.  
+
|Hope you enjoyed this '''Perl''' tutorial.  
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|09:34
 
|09:34
−
|This is Amol signing off.
+
|This is Amol, signing off.
  
 
|-
 
|-

Latest revision as of 15:08, 10 March 2017

Time Narration
00:01 Welcome to the spoken tutorial on for and foreach Loops in Perl.
00:06 In this tutorial, we will learn about: for loop in Perl and
00:11 foreach loop in Perl.
00:13 I am using Ubuntu Linux 12.04 operating system and Perl 5.14.2.
00:21 I will also be using the gedit Text Editor.
00:25 You can use any text editor of your choice.
00:29 You should have basic knowledge of variables and comments in Perl.
00:33 If not, please go through the relevant spoken tutorials on the spoken tutorial website.
00:40 Perl provides a mechanism by which we can check a condition repeatedly for various values. This is done using loops.
00:49 There are various types of loops in Perl:
00:52 for loop, foreach loop
00:54 while loop and do-while loop.
00:56 In this tutorial, we will cover for and foreach loop.
01:01 for loop in Perl can be used to execute a piece of code for a certain number of times.
01:07 The syntax of for loop is as follows:
01:10 for space open bracket variable initialization semicolon condition semicolon increment
01:20 close bracket, press Enter.
01:22 Open curly brackets,
01:24 piece of code to be executed multiple times,
01:28 close curly brackets.
01:30 Now let us look at an example of a for loop.
01:33 Open the Terminal and type: gedit forLoop.pl space & (ampersand)
01:42 and press Enter. This will open the forLoop.pl file in gedit.
01:48 Type the following piece of code: hash exclamation mark slash u s r slash bin slash perl
01:58 press Enter.
02:00 for space open bracket dollar i equals to zero semicolon space dollar i less than or equal to four semicolon space dollar i plus plus close bracket
02:18 space Open curly bracket press Enter.
02:21 Type: print space double quote Value of i colon <space> dollar i backslash n double quote complete semicolon
02:35 and press Enter. Now close curly bracket.
02:39 Press Ctrl+S to save the file.
02:42 Let me explain what the for loop does.
02:46 The variable i is initialized to zero.
02:50 Next, the condition is checked.
02:53 In this case, the condition is i less than or equal to 4.
02:59 If this condition is true, the code within the curly bracket will be executed.
03:05 This means the first print statement "Value of i colon 0"
03:11 will be displayed on the terminal.
03:14 After this, the variable 'i' is incremented by 1.
03:18 And the for loop condition is checked once again.
03:23 This loop will exit when the value of ' i' becomes greater than 4.
03:29 In this case, the for loop will be executed for i = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4.
03:38 which is a total of 5 times.
03:41 Now, switch to terminal.
03:44 Type the following to check for any compilation or syntax error:
03:48 perl hyphen c forLoop dot pl
03:54 and press Enter.
03:56 Here it displays a message:
03:58 forLoop.pl syntax OK.
04:01 So, we have no errors.
04:03 Now, let us execute the Perl script by typing perl forLoop dot pl and press Enter.
04:11 The following output will be shown on the terminal.
04:16 Now, let us look at foreach loop.
04:19 If we want to iterate a condition for an array, we can make use of foreach loop.
04:25 The syntax is: foreach space dollar variable space within brackets at the rate array space
04:35 open curly bracket
04:37 perform action on each element of an array press Enter,
04:42 close the curly bracket.
04:44 Please note: We'll cover array, array initialization and defining an array in subsequent tutorials.
04:52 Now let us look at an example of foreach loop.
04:56 Open the Terminal and type: gedit foreachLoop dot pl space ampersand and press Enter.
05:08 This will open the foreachLoop.pl file in gedit.
05:12 Type the following piece of code:
05:15 hash exclamation mark slash u s r slash bin slash perl and press Enter.
05:25 at the rate myarray space equal to space open bracket ten comma twenty comma thirty close the bracket semicolon
05:39 press Enter.
05:41 foreach space dollar var space open bracket at the rate myarray close the bracket space
05:52 open curly bracket press Enter and type:
05:56 print space double quotes Element of an array is colon dollar var backslash n double quotes complete semicolon
06:13 press Enter and close the curly bracket.
06:17 Press Ctrl+s to save the file.
06:20 Let me explain what this code does. An array myarray is declared.
06:27 It has 3 elements 10, 20 and 30.
06:33 In each iteration of foreach loop, 'dollar var' ($var) will contain the single element of an array.
06:40 foreach keyword will repeat this loop for each element of an array.
06:47 That is, the code within the curly bracket will be executed for each myarray element.
06:55 Back-slash n (\n) will place the prompt on a new line.
07:00 This means, the first element 10 will be displayed on the terminal.
07:06 Then 20 and so on, till all the elements are printed.
07:12 This loop will exit after printing all the elements in myarray.
07:17 Now, switch to terminal and type the following to check for any compilation or syntax error.
07:24 Type: perl hyphen c foreachLoop dot pl and press Enter.
07:32 The following line will be shown on the terminal.
07:36 There are no compilation or syntax errors.
07:38 So, let us execute the Perl script.
07:41 Type: perl foreachLoop dot pl and press Enter.
07:48 The following output will be shown on the terminal.
07:54 So, that's it about for loop and foreach loop.
07:57 Let us summarize.
07:59 In this tutorial, we have learnt -
08:02 for loop and foreach loop in Perl
08:06 using some sample programs. Here is an assignment for you -
08:10 Declare a string as 'Spoken Tutorial' and
08:13 print it 5 times.
08:16 Declare an array of colors as @colorArray = open bracket in single quote red comma white comma blue close the bracket and
08:32 print the element of an array using foreach loop.
08:36 Watch the video available at the following link.
08:40 It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
08:43 If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
08:48 The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials.
08:55 Gives certificates to those who pass an online test.
08:59 For more details, please write to contact at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org.
09:07 "Spoken Tutorial" project is a part of the "Talk to a Teacher" project.
09:12 It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
09:20 More information on this mission is available at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org slash NMEICT hyphen Intro.
09:31 Hope you enjoyed this Perl tutorial.
09:34 This is Amol, signing off.
09:36 Thanks for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Gaurav, Madhurig, PoojaMoolya, Sandhya.np14, Sneha

Retrieved from "https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=PERL/C2/for-for-each-loops/English-timed&oldid=33126"