Difference between revisions of "BOSS-Linux/C2/BOSS-Linux-Desktop/English-timed"
From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
PoojaMoolya (Talk | contribs) |
|||
(4 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
− | {| border=1 | + | {|border=1 |
− | + | !Time | |
− | + | !Narration | |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00: | + | |00:01 |
− | |Welcome to this spoken tutorial on | + | |Welcome to this spoken tutorial on '''BOSS Desktop'''. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00: | + | |00:06 |
− | | | + | |In this tutorial, we will get familiar with the '''BOSS Desktop''' environment. |
|- | |- | ||
|00:12 | |00:12 | ||
− | | | + | |Here, I am using '''BOSS Linux 3.4.2''' with wide Indian language support & packages. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00: | + | |00:21 |
− | | | + | |Let me minimize the slide. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
|00:24 | |00:24 | ||
+ | |What you are seeing here, is the BOSS Desktop. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |00:28 | ||
|You can see the main menu on the top left hand side corner. | |You can see the main menu on the top left hand side corner. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00: | + | |00:33 |
− | |To open this, | + | |To open this menu, press '''Alt+F1''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00: | + | |00:42 |
− | | | + | |Alternately, click on '''Applications''' menu. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00: | + | |00:46 |
− | | | + | |The 'Applications menu' contains all the installed applications in a categorized manner. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00: | + | |00:54 |
− | | | + | |In this Applications menu, let us get familiar with some important applications. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01: | + | |01:01 |
− | | | + | |So, let's go to '''Applications, Accessories, Calculator.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01: | + | |01:08 |
− | | | + | |'''Calculator''' helps perform arithmetic, scientific or financial calculations. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01: | + | |01:16 |
− | |Let | + | |Let's open the calculator by clicking on it. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01: | + | |01:20 |
− | | | + | |Let us try some simple calculations. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01: | + | |01:23 |
− | | | + | |Type 5*(into)8 and press '='(equals to) sign. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01: | + | |01:29 |
− | | | + | |Instead of pressing '='(equals to) sign, you can also press the '''Enter''' key. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01: | + | |01:35 |
− | |Now | + | |Now, exit this calculator by pressing the '''close''' button. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01: | + | |01:40 |
− | | | + | |Now, let's look at another application. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01: | + | |01:43 |
− | | | + | |For that, go back to '''Applications''', then go to '''Accessories.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |01:49 |
− | | | + | |In '''Accessories''', let's open '''gedit Text Editor''' by clicking on it. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |01:56 |
− | | | + | |So, what you see right now on screen is the '''gedit Text Editor'''. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02: | + | |02:02 |
− | | | + | |Let me type some text here and '''save''' it. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02: | + | |02:06 |
− | | | + | |Type: '''Hello World'''. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02: | + | |02:11 |
− | | | + | |To save the file, I can press '''Crtl+S''' keys or go to '''File''' and then click on '''Save.''' |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |02:20 |
− | | | + | |So, let me go to '''File''' and then click on '''Save.''' |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |02:26 |
− | | | + | |The '''Save As''' dialog box opens up. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |02:29 |
− | | | + | |It prompts for filename and location in which the file has to be saved. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |03: | + | |02:36 |
+ | |So, let me type the name as '''hello.txt''' and for location, I will select the '''Desktop.''' | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |02:47 | ||
+ | |Click on '''Save''' button. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |02:49 | ||
+ | |Let's close this '''gedit''' '''window''' now and check whether our file is saved on the Desktop or not. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |02:58 | ||
+ | |Now come to the Desktop and you can see the file "hello.txt" here. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |03:05 | ||
+ | |So, our text file has got saved successfully. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |03:10 | ||
|Let me open this file by double-clicking on it. | |Let me open this file by double-clicking on it. | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |03: | + | |03:14 |
− | | | + | |Here is our text, '''"Hello World"'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |03: | + | |03:18 |
− | | | + | |We can type in multiple local languages too, in the 'gedit Text Editor'. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |03: | + | |03:24 |
− | | | + | |Let us see how to do so. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |03:27 |
− | | | + | |In gedit Text Editor, press '''CTRL + SPACE BAR'''. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |03:33 |
− | | | + | |You can see a small box at the bottom right hand side. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |03:39 |
− | | | + | |Click on it. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |03:41 |
− | | | + | |Select 'Hindi'. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |03:43 |
− | | | + | |'''Inscript'''. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |03:45 |
− | | | + | |I will type '''hello world'''. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |03:49 |
− | |You can see | + | |You can see the text has changed to '''Hindi Inscript'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |03:53 |
− | | | + | |Now I will select '''Hindi''', then I will select '''Phonetic.''' |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |03:59 |
− | | | + | |I will type '''welcome''' using phonetics. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |04:03 |
− | | | + | |And you can see the word '''welcome''' typed in Hindi. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |04:08 |
− | | | + | |Now, click on '''Save''' to save the changes. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |04:11 |
− | | | + | |Let's close this '''text editor''' and let's see another important application from '''Accessories''' i.e '''Terminal.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |04:20 |
− | | | + | |So, let's move back to '''Applications, Accessories''' and then '''Terminal.''' |
+ | |- | ||
+ | |04:27 | ||
+ | |'''Terminal''' is called '''command line''' because you can command the computer from here.In fact, it is more powerful than the GUI. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |04:40 | ||
+ | |Now let's type a simple '''command''' to get a feel of '''Terminal.''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |04:45 | ||
+ | |So, let's type '''"ls"''' and press '''Enter'''. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |04:50 | ||
+ | |You can see it lists all the files and folders in the current '''working directory'''. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |04:57 | ||
+ | |Here it is displaying files and folders from the '''Home''' folder. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |05:02 | ||
+ | |We will see later in this tutorial what the '''Home folder''' is. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |05:07 | ||
+ | |'''Terminal''' commands are explained well in the subsequent '''Linux''' spoken tutorials in this series. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |05:15 | ||
+ | |Let us close the Terminal now. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |05:18 | ||
+ | |Now let's move on to another application i.e '''Iceweasel Web Browser.''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |05:25 | ||
+ | |This is the default web-browser on the '''BOSS Operating System'''. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |05:30 | ||
+ | |Click on '''Applications >> Internet >> Iceweasel Web Browser.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|05:36 | |05:36 | ||
− | |Firefox | + | |''' Iceweasel''' is the re-branded version of '''Firefox'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05: | + | |05:41 |
− | | | + | |Using this browser, you can access your emails or search for some information on the net. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05: | + | |05:49 |
− | | | + | |Let's go to the google-site. |
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |05:51 | ||
+ | |The short-cut key to go to the '''address bar''' is '''F6'''. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |05:56 | ||
+ | |Or you can click here, on the address bar. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|06:00 | |06:00 | ||
− | |I type | + | |I will type '''www.google.co.in'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |06: | + | |06:07 |
− | |As I type, | + | |As I type, '''Iceweasel''' may suggest a few possibilities. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |06: | + | |06:11 |
− | |You may choose one of these | + | |You may choose one of these... |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |06: | + | |06:14 |
− | | | + | |... or continue to type the complete address and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |06: | + | |06:19 |
− | | | + | |We are now in the '''google search page'''. Let us type '''spoken tutorial''' in the '''search bar'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |06: | + | |06:27 |
− | | | + | |The '''spoken tutorial''' website is listed as the first option. Let's click on it. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |06: | + | |06:34 |
− | | | + | |This will open the '''spoken tutorial Home page'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |06: | + | |06:38 |
− | | | + | |Let's close this and move on. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |06:42 |
− | | | + | |Now, let's click on '''Applications''' and then on '''Office.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |06:48 |
− | | | + | |In this Office menu, we have '''LibreOffice''' options like '''Writer, Calc''' and '''Impress.''' |
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |06:57 | ||
+ | |These are the '''word processor, spreadsheet''' and presentation components of '''LibreOffice Suite'''. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |07:04 | ||
+ | |The Spoken Tutorial website has spoken tutorials on these topics. We suggest that you explore them. | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
|07:12 | |07:12 | ||
− | | | + | |Next, under '''Applications''', let's explore '''Sound &Video''' menu. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |07: | + | |07:19 |
− | | | + | |This option lists the various player options available in '''BOSS OS'''. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |07: | + | |07:27 |
− | | | + | |You can use any of these options to play your video or audio files. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |07: | + | |07:33 |
− | | | + | |Now, let's see some other important things. Let's go to '''Places''' menu this time. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |07: | + | |07:41 |
− | | | + | |The first option here is the ''''Home' folder'''. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |07:45 |
− | | | + | |Let's open it. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |07:47 |
− | | | + | |Every user has a unique '''Home folder''' in '''BOSS OS.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |07:52 |
− | | | + | |We can say that the '''Home''' folder is our house where we can store our files and folders. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |08: | + | |08:00 |
− | | | + | |Unless we permit, others cannot see them. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |08: | + | |08:04 |
− | | | + | |More information on '''file permissions''' is available in the 'Linux spoken tutorials', available on the spoken tutorial website. |
+ | |- | ||
+ | |08:14 | ||
+ | |In our '''Home''' folder, we can see other folders such as '''Desktop, Documents, Downloads, Music''' etc. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |08:25 | ||
+ | |In Linux, everything is a file. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |08:29 | ||
+ | |Let's open the '''Desktop''' folder by double-clicking on it. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |08:35 | ||
+ | |Hey, we can see that the same '''hello.txt''' file what we saved from '''gedit text editor''' is here. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |08:44 | ||
+ | |So, this folder and the Desktop are the same. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |08:49 | ||
+ | |Let me close this folder now. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |08:52 | ||
+ | |Let's learn to change the Desktop theme now. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |08:55 | ||
+ | |Go to the right hand side corner and click on the username displayed there. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |09:02 | ||
+ | |In my case, the username is '''spoken.''' So, I will click on '''spoken.''' | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
|09:09 | |09:09 | ||
− | | | + | |Now, click on '''System Settings''' option. |
|- | |- | ||
|09:13 | |09:13 | ||
− | | | + | |The '''System Settings''' dialog box opens up. |
+ | |- | ||
+ | |09:16 | ||
+ | |Click on '''Background''' icon. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |09:19 | ||
+ | |Choose any background from the list displayed. | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |09: | + | |09:23 |
− | | | + | |It will appear as your new background. |
|- | |- | ||
|09:27 | |09:27 | ||
− | | | + | |Close this dialog box. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
|09:29 | |09:29 | ||
− | | | + | |Now, we will come to the '''System Tools''' option available under 'Applications' menu. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |09: | + | |09:36 |
− | | | + | |This menu has many important options which helps you to manage your desktop and the various applications. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |09: | + | |09:44 |
− | | | + | |Click on '''System tools >> Administration''' and '''Synaptic Package Manager.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |09: | + | |09:51 |
− | | | + | |It will immediately prompt you for the 'admin password' for authentication. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |09:57 |
− | | | + | |Type in your 'admin' password and click on '''Authenticate''' button. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |10: | + | |10:02 |
− | | | + | |Details on how to use '''Synaptic Package Manager''' is available in a separate tutorial in this series. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |10: | + | |10:10 |
− | | | + | |This brings us to the end of this tutorial. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |10: | + | |10:14 |
− | | | + | | Let us summarize.In this tutorial, we learnt about: |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |10: | + | |10:18 |
− | | | + | | the BOSS Desktop, the main menu, |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |10: | + | |10:21 |
− | | | + | | and many important features of '''BOSS Linux OS.''' |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |10: | + | |10:25 |
− | | | + | |Watch the video available at the following link. |
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |10:28 | ||
+ | |It summarizes the spoken tutorial project. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |10:31 | ||
+ | |If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |10: | + | |10:36 |
− | | | + | |The Spoken Tutorial Project team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |10:41 |
− | | | + | |Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |10:45 |
− | | | + | |For more details, please write to: '''contact@spoken-tutorial.org''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |10:53 |
− | | | + | |Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the '''Talk to a Teacher''' project. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |10:57 |
− | | | + | |It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Govt of India. |
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |11: | + | |11:05 |
− | |More information on | + | |More information on this mission is available at the following link:[http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro] |
|- | |- | ||
− | |11: | + | |11:11 |
− | |This | + | |This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay, signing off. Thank you for watching. |
+ | |} |
Latest revision as of 16:13, 7 March 2017
Time | Narration |
---|---|
00:01 | Welcome to this spoken tutorial on BOSS Desktop. |
00:06 | In this tutorial, we will get familiar with the BOSS Desktop environment. |
00:12 | Here, I am using BOSS Linux 3.4.2 with wide Indian language support & packages. |
00:21 | Let me minimize the slide. |
00:24 | What you are seeing here, is the BOSS Desktop. |
00:28 | You can see the main menu on the top left hand side corner. |
00:33 | To open this menu, press Alt+F1 keys simultaneously on your keyboard. |
00:42 | Alternately, click on Applications menu. |
00:46 | The 'Applications menu' contains all the installed applications in a categorized manner. |
00:54 | In this Applications menu, let us get familiar with some important applications. |
01:01 | So, let's go to Applications, Accessories, Calculator. |
01:08 | Calculator helps perform arithmetic, scientific or financial calculations. |
01:16 | Let's open the calculator by clicking on it. |
01:20 | Let us try some simple calculations. |
01:23 | Type 5*(into)8 and press '='(equals to) sign. |
01:29 | Instead of pressing '='(equals to) sign, you can also press the Enter key. |
01:35 | Now, exit this calculator by pressing the close button. |
01:40 | Now, let's look at another application. |
01:43 | For that, go back to Applications, then go to Accessories. |
01:49 | In Accessories, let's open gedit Text Editor by clicking on it. |
01:56 | So, what you see right now on screen is the gedit Text Editor. |
02:02 | Let me type some text here and save it. |
02:06 | Type: Hello World. |
02:11 | To save the file, I can press Crtl+S keys or go to File and then click on Save. |
02:20 | So, let me go to File and then click on Save. |
02:26 | The Save As dialog box opens up. |
02:29 | It prompts for filename and location in which the file has to be saved. |
02:36 | So, let me type the name as hello.txt and for location, I will select the Desktop. |
02:47 | Click on Save button. |
02:49 | Let's close this gedit window now and check whether our file is saved on the Desktop or not. |
02:58 | Now come to the Desktop and you can see the file "hello.txt" here. |
03:05 | So, our text file has got saved successfully. |
03:10 | Let me open this file by double-clicking on it. |
03:14 | Here is our text, "Hello World". |
03:18 | We can type in multiple local languages too, in the 'gedit Text Editor'. |
03:24 | Let us see how to do so. |
03:27 | In gedit Text Editor, press CTRL + SPACE BAR. |
03:33 | You can see a small box at the bottom right hand side. |
03:39 | Click on it. |
03:41 | Select 'Hindi'. |
03:43 | Inscript. |
03:45 | I will type hello world. |
03:49 | You can see the text has changed to Hindi Inscript. |
03:53 | Now I will select Hindi, then I will select Phonetic. |
03:59 | I will type welcome using phonetics. |
04:03 | And you can see the word welcome typed in Hindi. |
04:08 | Now, click on Save to save the changes. |
04:11 | Let's close this text editor and let's see another important application from Accessories i.e Terminal. |
04:20 | So, let's move back to Applications, Accessories and then Terminal. |
04:27 | Terminal is called command line because you can command the computer from here.In fact, it is more powerful than the GUI. |
04:40 | Now let's type a simple command to get a feel of Terminal. |
04:45 | So, let's type "ls" and press Enter. |
04:50 | You can see it lists all the files and folders in the current working directory. |
04:57 | Here it is displaying files and folders from the Home folder. |
05:02 | We will see later in this tutorial what the Home folder is. |
05:07 | Terminal commands are explained well in the subsequent Linux spoken tutorials in this series. |
05:15 | Let us close the Terminal now. |
05:18 | Now let's move on to another application i.e Iceweasel Web Browser. |
05:25 | This is the default web-browser on the BOSS Operating System. |
05:30 | Click on Applications >> Internet >> Iceweasel Web Browser. |
05:36 | Iceweasel is the re-branded version of Firefox. |
05:41 | Using this browser, you can access your emails or search for some information on the net. |
05:49 | Let's go to the google-site. |
05:51 | The short-cut key to go to the address bar is F6. |
05:56 | Or you can click here, on the address bar. |
06:00 | I will type www.google.co.in. |
06:07 | As I type, Iceweasel may suggest a few possibilities. |
06:11 | You may choose one of these... |
06:14 | ... or continue to type the complete address and press Enter. |
06:19 | We are now in the google search page. Let us type spoken tutorial in the search bar. |
06:27 | The spoken tutorial website is listed as the first option. Let's click on it. |
06:34 | This will open the spoken tutorial Home page. |
06:38 | Let's close this and move on. |
06:42 | Now, let's click on Applications and then on Office. |
06:48 | In this Office menu, we have LibreOffice options like Writer, Calc and Impress. |
06:57 | These are the word processor, spreadsheet and presentation components of LibreOffice Suite. |
07:04 | The Spoken Tutorial website has spoken tutorials on these topics. We suggest that you explore them. |
07:12 | Next, under Applications, let's explore Sound &Video menu. |
07:19 | This option lists the various player options available in BOSS OS. |
07:27 | You can use any of these options to play your video or audio files. |
07:33 | Now, let's see some other important things. Let's go to Places menu this time. |
07:41 | The first option here is the 'Home' folder. |
07:45 | Let's open it. |
07:47 | Every user has a unique Home folder in BOSS OS. |
07:52 | We can say that the Home folder is our house where we can store our files and folders. |
08:00 | Unless we permit, others cannot see them. |
08:04 | More information on file permissions is available in the 'Linux spoken tutorials', available on the spoken tutorial website. |
08:14 | In our Home folder, we can see other folders such as Desktop, Documents, Downloads, Music etc. |
08:25 | In Linux, everything is a file. |
08:29 | Let's open the Desktop folder by double-clicking on it. |
08:35 | Hey, we can see that the same hello.txt file what we saved from gedit text editor is here. |
08:44 | So, this folder and the Desktop are the same. |
08:49 | Let me close this folder now. |
08:52 | Let's learn to change the Desktop theme now. |
08:55 | Go to the right hand side corner and click on the username displayed there. |
09:02 | In my case, the username is spoken. So, I will click on spoken. |
09:09 | Now, click on System Settings option. |
09:13 | The System Settings dialog box opens up. |
09:16 | Click on Background icon. |
09:19 | Choose any background from the list displayed. |
09:23 | It will appear as your new background. |
09:27 | Close this dialog box. |
09:29 | Now, we will come to the System Tools option available under 'Applications' menu. |
09:36 | This menu has many important options which helps you to manage your desktop and the various applications. |
09:44 | Click on System tools >> Administration and Synaptic Package Manager. |
09:51 | It will immediately prompt you for the 'admin password' for authentication. |
09:57 | Type in your 'admin' password and click on Authenticate button. |
10:02 | Details on how to use Synaptic Package Manager is available in a separate tutorial in this series. |
10:10 | This brings us to the end of this tutorial. |
10:14 | Let us summarize.In this tutorial, we learnt about: |
10:18 | the BOSS Desktop, the main menu, |
10:21 | and many important features of BOSS Linux OS. |
10:25 | Watch the video available at the following link. |
10:28 | It summarizes the spoken tutorial project. |
10:31 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
10:36 | The Spoken Tutorial Project team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
10:41 | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
10:45 | For more details, please write to: contact@spoken-tutorial.org |
10:53 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project. |
10:57 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Govt of India. |
11:05 | More information on this mission is available at the following link:[1] |
11:11 | This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay, signing off. Thank you for watching. |