Difference between revisions of "OpenFOAM/C2/Simulating-flow-in-a-Lid-Driven-Cavity/English-timed"
From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
Sandhya.np14 (Talk | contribs) |
Sandhya.np14 (Talk | contribs) |
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| 00:39 | | 00:39 | ||
− | | This is diagram of '''Lid Driven Cavity''', | + | | This is the diagram of '''Lid Driven Cavity''', |
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| 01:08 | | 01:08 | ||
− | | In the command terminal, type the '''path''' for '''lid driven cavity''' | + | | In the command terminal, type the '''path''' for the '''lid driven cavity''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 01:12 | | 01:12 | ||
− | | | + | |and type "run" and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
|01:15 | |01:15 | ||
− | | '''cd (space) tutorials''' and press '''Enter''' | + | | '''cd (space) tutorials''' and press '''Enter'''. |
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| 01:38 | | 01:38 | ||
− | |Now, type "ls" and press '''Enter''' | + | |Now, type "ls" and press '''Enter'''. |
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| 01:41 | | 01:41 | ||
− | |In the | + | |In the file structure of '''cavity''', you will see 3 folders : '''0 , constant , and system'''. |
|- | |- | ||
|01:46 | |01:46 | ||
− | | Now type '''cd''' (space) '''constant''' and''' | + | | Now, type '''cd''' (space) '''constant''' and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 01:52 | | 01:52 | ||
− | | Now type | + | | Now type "ls" and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
|01:55 | |01:55 | ||
− | | The '''constant | + | | The '''constant''' folder contains another folder named '''polyMesh''' and a file describing the physical properties of fluid. |
|- | |- | ||
| 02:01 | | 02:01 | ||
− | | Now type '''cd (space) polymesh''' and Press '''Enter''' | + | | Now, type '''cd (space) polymesh''' and Press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 02:08 | | 02:08 | ||
− | | ''' | + | | '''PolyMesh''' contains a file named 'blockMeshDict'. |
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| 02:12 | | 02:12 | ||
− | | Now type | + | | Now type "ls" and press '''Enter'''. |
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| 02:17 | | 02:17 | ||
− | | To open up the '''blockMeshDict''' file type '''gedit space blockMeshDict''' | + | | To open up the '''blockMeshDict''' file, type '''gedit space blockMeshDict'''. |
(Note that M and D here are capital) | (Note that M and D here are capital) | ||
− | Now press ''' | + | Now press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 02:30 | | 02:30 | ||
− | | This will Open up the '''blockMeshDict | + | | This will Open up the '''blockMeshDict''' file. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 02:32 | | 02:32 | ||
− | | Let me drag this to the capture area | + | | Let me drag this to the capture area. |
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| 02:36 | | 02:36 | ||
− | | This contains : | + | | This contains: coordinates for the '''lid driven cavity''', |
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| 02:47 | | 02:47 | ||
− | | Since there are no '''arcs''' as well as no '''patches''' to be | + | | Since there are no '''arcs''' as well as no '''patches''' to be merged, '''edges''' and '''mergePatchPairs''' can be kept empty. |
|- | |- | ||
| 02:56 | | 02:56 | ||
− | | Now close this | + | | Now close this. |
|- | |- | ||
| 02:58 | | 02:58 | ||
− | | In the | + | | In the command terminal, type : '''cd (space) .. (dot) (dot)''' and press '''Enter.''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 03:04 | | 03:04 | ||
− | | Do this twice. You will come back to the''' cavity | + | | Do this twice. You will come back to the''' cavity''' folder. |
|- | |- | ||
| 03:09 | | 03:09 | ||
− | | Now type '''cd''' (space) '''system''' and press ''' | + | | Now, type '''cd''' (space) '''system''' and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
|03:15 | |03:15 | ||
− | | Now type | + | | Now type "ls", press '''Enter'''. This contains three files- |
|- | |- | ||
| 03:22 | | 03:22 | ||
− | |'''controlDict, fvSchemes''' and '''fvSolutions''' | + | |'''controlDict, fvSchemes''' and '''fvSolutions'''. |
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| 03:35 | | 03:35 | ||
− | |And '''fvSchemes''' contains equation for ''' | + | |And, '''fvSchemes''' contains equation for '''solvers''', '''tolerance''' etc. |
|- | |- | ||
| 03:40 | | 03:40 | ||
− | | Now again type '''cd (space) (dot dot) . . '''and press '''Enter''' | + | | Now, again type '''cd (space) (dot dot) .. '''and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 03:46 | | 03:46 | ||
− | | Now type '''cd ( space )''' 0 (zero) and Press '''Enter''' | + | | Now type '''cd ( space )''' 0 (zero) and Press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
|03:53 | |03:53 | ||
− | | Now type | + | | Now type "ls" and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 03:57 | | 03:57 | ||
− | | This contains the | + | | This contains the initial values for '''boundary conditions''' like '''Pressure, Velocity, Temperature''' etc. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:03 | | 04:03 | ||
− | | Now | + | | Now type''' cd ( space ) (dot dot) . .''' to return back to the '''cavity''' folder. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:09 | | 04:09 | ||
− | | Now we need to '''mesh '''the | + | | Now we need to '''mesh '''the geometry. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:11 | | 04:11 | ||
− | |We are using a | + | |We are using a coarse mesh here. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:14 | | 04:14 | ||
− | | '''Mesh''' the | + | | '''Mesh''' the geometry by typing '''blockMesh''' in the '''terminal'''. |
|- | |- | ||
|04:18 | |04:18 | ||
− | | Now type '''blockMesh '''(Note that M here is capital) and press '''Enter''' | + | | Now type '''blockMesh '''(Note that M here is capital) and press '''Enter'''. |
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| 04:27 | | 04:27 | ||
− | | If there | + | | If there are some '''errors''' in the '''blockMesh''' file, it will be shown in the '''terminal'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:31 | | 04:31 | ||
− | | To view the | + | | To view the geometry, |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:32 | | 04:32 | ||
− | | | + | |type '''paraFoam'''. Note that 'F' here is capital and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:40 | | 04:40 | ||
− | | This will open the '''paraview window''' | + | | This will open the '''paraview window'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:44 | | 04:44 | ||
− | | Now on the left hand side of the '''object inspector | + | | Now on the left hand side of the '''object inspector''' menu, click on '''Apply.''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:49 | | 04:49 | ||
− | | You can see the '''lid driven cavity | + | | You can see the '''lid driven cavity''' geometry. Now close this. |
|- | |- | ||
|04:58 | |04:58 | ||
− | | Check the mesh by typing | + | | Check the mesh by typing "checkMesh" in the terminal. |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:04 | | 05:04 | ||
− | |Note that | + | |Note that 'M' here is capital and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
|05:08 | |05:08 | ||
− | | you can see the number of cells, '''skewness''' and other parameters | + | | you can see the number of cells, '''skewness''' and other parameters which are associated with the '''mesh'''. |
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| 05:17 | | 05:17 | ||
− | | The solver we are using here is '''icoFoam''' : | + | | The solver we are using here is '''icoFoam''': |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:20 | | 05:20 | ||
− | | '''icoFoam | + | | '''icoFoam''' is a '''Transient solver''' for '''incompressible flow''' of '''newtonian fluids'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:26 | | 05:26 | ||
− | | Let me switch back to the | + | | Let me switch back to the terminal. |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:29 | | 05:29 | ||
− | | In the | + | | In the terminal, type "icoFoam". |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:33 | | 05:33 | ||
− | |Note that | + | |Note that 'F' here is capital and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:37 | | 05:37 | ||
− | | The '''Iterations '''running will be seen in the | + | | The '''Iterations '''running will be seen in the terminal window. |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:40 | | 05:40 | ||
− | | After the solving is done type '''paraFoam''' in the terminal to view the | + | | After the solving is done, type '''paraFoam''' in the terminal to view the geometry and the results. |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:54 | | 05:54 | ||
− | | On the left hand side of '''object inspector | + | | On the left hand side of '''object inspector''' menu |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:57 | | 05:57 | ||
− | |click on '''Apply''' | + | |click on '''Apply'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:58 | | 05:58 | ||
− | | Now '''Scroll''' down the | + | | Now '''Scroll''' down the properties on '''object inspector''' menu. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 06:02 | | 06:02 | ||
− | |you can see '''mesh parts, | + | |you can see '''mesh parts, Volume Fields''' etc. |
|- | |- | ||
| 06:07 | | 06:07 | ||
− | | | + | | Check or uncheck these '''boxes''' in the '''mesh''' part, to view the different boundary regions of '''Lid driven cavity'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 06:15 | | 06:15 | ||
− | | Now after this on top of the left-hand side on '''active variable control ''' | + | | Now, after this, on top of the left-hand side on '''active variable control ''' drop-down menu, change this from '''solid color''' to '''p''' or capital '''U''' which are the '''initial conditions''' such as '''pressure, velocity'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 06:31 | | 06:31 | ||
− | |I will select capital U. Now this will show you the initial condition of velocity | + | |I will select capital 'U'. Now this will show you the initial condition of velocity. |
|- | |- | ||
| 06:37 | | 06:37 | ||
− | | On top of the''' paraview | + | | On top of the''' paraview''' window, you will see the''' VCR control'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 06:44 | | 06:44 | ||
− | |Click on the play button | + | |Click on the '''play''' button. |
|- | |- | ||
| 06:47 | | 06:47 | ||
− | | Now this is the final | + | | Now this is the final result of '''velocity''' for the '''lid driven cavity'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 06:52 | | 06:52 | ||
− | | | + | | Toggle on the '''color legend''' by clicking on the top left of the '''active variable control''' menu. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:03 | | 07:03 | ||
− | | This is the''' color legend''' for '''U velocity''' | + | | This is the''' color legend''' for '''U velocity'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:07 | | 07:07 | ||
− | | We need to | + | | We need to validate the results obtained. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:09 | | 07:09 | ||
− | |To do this let us | + | |To do this, let us plot the '''U''' and '''V velocity'''. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 07:12 | | 07:12 | ||
− | | To do this | + | | To do this, go to '''Filters''' scroll down > '''Data Analysis''' > '''Plot Over line'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:21 | | 07:21 | ||
− | | Click on it | + | | Click on it. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:23 | | 07:23 | ||
− | | You can see | + | | You can see X , Y and Z axes. |
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| 07:31 | | 07:31 | ||
− | |I will select the '''X axis''' and click '''Apply''' | + | |I will select the '''X axis''' and click '''Apply'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:37 | | 07:37 | ||
− | | You can see '''Pressure''' and '''velocity''' '''plots''' being plotted | + | | You can see '''Pressure''' and '''velocity''' '''plots''' being plotted. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:42 | | 07:42 | ||
− | | Since it is a | + | | Since it is a non dimensional analysis, we need to plot the graph for '''u/U v/s y/L''' for '''Reynolds number =100''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:52 | | 07:52 | ||
− | | To do this in '''Plot Data''' click on the '''Y-axis''' | + | | To do this, in '''Plot Data''' click on the '''Y-axis''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:58 | | 07:58 | ||
− | | | + | |and click '''APPLY'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:01 | | 08:01 | ||
− | | You can see the''' plot''' | + | | You can see the''' plot'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:03 | | 08:03 | ||
− | |Now in menu bar go to '''File > Save Data ''' | + | |Now in menu bar, go to '''File > Save Data'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:09 | | 08:09 | ||
− | | Give appropriate name to your file | + | | Give appropriate name to your file. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:11 | | 08:11 | ||
− | | I will give this as | + | | I will give this as "cavity". |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:15 | | 08:15 | ||
− | |The file will be saved as | + | |The file will be saved as ".csv" (dot csv) file. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:19 | | 08:19 | ||
− | | Now click | + | | Now click OK. Again click OK. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:23 | | 08:23 | ||
− | | Now go to the '''cavity | + | | Now go to the '''cavity''' folder of '''openfoam directory'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:29 | | 08:29 | ||
− | | | + | |Scroll down. you can see the '''cavity.csv''' file. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:34 | | 08:34 | ||
− | | Open it in Open office or LibreOffice Spreadsheet | + | | Open it in '''Open office''' or '''LibreOffice Spreadsheet'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:39 | | 08:39 | ||
− | | In the libreoffice spreadsheet copy the U0 (u velocity) and to the right point 1(Y-axis) columns | + | | In the libreoffice spreadsheet, copy the U0 (u velocity) and to the right point 1(Y-axis) columns |
− | in another spreadsheet | + | in another spreadsheet. |
|- | |- |
Revision as of 12:51, 24 June 2016
Time | Narration |
00:01 | Hello and welcome to the spoken tutorial on Simulating Flow in a Lid Driven Cavity using openFoam. |
00:07 | In this tutorial, I will show you: |
00:09 | * The Lid Driven Cavity file structure |
00:12 | * Meshing the Geometry |
00:14 | * Solving and post-processing results in Paraview |
00:17 | * Plotting & validating results on a spreadsheet. |
00:21 | To record this tutorial, |
00:22 | I am using: Linux Operating system Ubuntu version 10.04 |
00:27 | OpenFOAM version 2.1.0 and ParaView version 3.12.0. |
00:32 | Lid driven cavity is the most widely used 2D test |
00:36 | case for validation of a CFD code. |
00:39 | This is the diagram of Lid Driven Cavity, |
00:41 | the boundary conditions remain the same. |
00:44 | A moving wall and three fixedwalls. |
00:46 | We are solving this for Reynolds no (Re) = 100. |
00:50 | The moving wall has a velocity of 1 meter per second. |
00:54 | The path for the Lid Driven Cavity is the same as discussed in the installation tutorial. |
01:00 | Now, open a command terminal. |
01:02 | To do this, press Ctrl+Alt+t keys simultaneously on your keyboard. |
01:08 | In the command terminal, type the path for the lid driven cavity |
01:12 | and type "run" and press Enter. |
01:15 | cd (space) tutorials and press Enter. |
01:20 | cd (space) incompressible and press Enter. |
01:26 | cd (space) icoFoam (Note that F here is capital) and press Enter. |
01:33 | cd (space) cavity and press Enter. |
01:38 | Now, type "ls" and press Enter. |
01:41 | In the file structure of cavity, you will see 3 folders : 0 , constant , and system. |
01:46 | Now, type cd (space) constant and press Enter. |
01:52 | Now type "ls" and press Enter. |
01:55 | The constant folder contains another folder named polyMesh and a file describing the physical properties of fluid. |
02:01 | Now, type cd (space) polymesh and Press Enter. |
02:08 | PolyMesh contains a file named 'blockMeshDict'. |
02:12 | Now type "ls" and press Enter. |
02:15 | You can see the blockMeshDict |
02:17 | To open up the blockMeshDict file, type gedit space blockMeshDict.
(Note that M and D here are capital) Now press Enter. |
02:30 | This will Open up the blockMeshDict file. |
02:32 | Let me drag this to the capture area. |
02:36 | This contains: coordinates for the lid driven cavity, |
02:41 | blocking and meshing parameters |
02:44 | and boundary patches. |
02:47 | Since there are no arcs as well as no patches to be merged, edges and mergePatchPairs can be kept empty. |
02:56 | Now close this. |
02:58 | In the command terminal, type : cd (space) .. (dot) (dot) and press Enter. |
03:04 | Do this twice. You will come back to the cavity folder. |
03:09 | Now, type cd (space) system and press Enter. |
03:15 | Now type "ls", press Enter. This contains three files- |
03:22 | controlDict, fvSchemes and fvSolutions. |
03:26 | controlDict contains control parameters for start/end time.
|
03:30 | fvSolution contains discritization schemes used in run time. |
03:35 | And, fvSchemes contains equation for solvers, tolerance etc. |
03:40 | Now, again type cd (space) (dot dot) .. and press Enter. |
03:46 | Now type cd ( space ) 0 (zero) and Press Enter. |
03:53 | Now type "ls" and press Enter. |
03:57 | This contains the initial values for boundary conditions like Pressure, Velocity, Temperature etc. |
04:03 | Now type cd ( space ) (dot dot) . . to return back to the cavity folder. |
04:09 | Now we need to mesh the geometry. |
04:11 | We are using a coarse mesh here. |
04:14 | Mesh the geometry by typing blockMesh in the terminal. |
04:18 | Now type blockMesh (Note that M here is capital) and press Enter. |
04:25 | The Meshing is done. |
04:27 | If there are some errors in the blockMesh file, it will be shown in the terminal. |
04:31 | To view the geometry, |
04:32 | type paraFoam. Note that 'F' here is capital and press Enter. |
04:40 | This will open the paraview window. |
04:44 | Now on the left hand side of the object inspector menu, click on Apply. |
04:49 | You can see the lid driven cavity geometry. Now close this. |
04:58 | Check the mesh by typing "checkMesh" in the terminal. |
05:04 | Note that 'M' here is capital and press Enter. |
05:08 | you can see the number of cells, skewness and other parameters which are associated with the mesh. |
05:15 | Let me switch back to the slides. |
05:17 | The solver we are using here is icoFoam: |
05:20 | icoFoam is a Transient solver for incompressible flow of newtonian fluids. |
05:26 | Let me switch back to the terminal. |
05:29 | In the terminal, type "icoFoam". |
05:33 | Note that 'F' here is capital and press Enter. |
05:37 | The Iterations running will be seen in the terminal window. |
05:40 | After the solving is done, type paraFoam in the terminal to view the geometry and the results. |
05:54 | On the left hand side of object inspector menu |
05:57 | click on Apply. |
05:58 | Now Scroll down the properties on object inspector menu. |
06:02 | you can see mesh parts, Volume Fields etc. |
06:07 | Check or uncheck these boxes in the mesh part, to view the different boundary regions of Lid driven cavity. |
06:15 | Now, after this, on top of the left-hand side on active variable control drop-down menu, change this from solid color to p or capital U which are the initial conditions such as pressure, velocity. |
06:31 | I will select capital 'U'. Now this will show you the initial condition of velocity. |
06:37 | On top of the paraview window, you will see the VCR control. |
06:44 | Click on the play button. |
06:47 | Now this is the final result of velocity for the lid driven cavity. |
06:52 | Toggle on the color legend by clicking on the top left of the active variable control menu. |
07:03 | This is the color legend for U velocity. |
07:07 | We need to validate the results obtained.
|
07:09 | To do this, let us plot the U and V velocity. |
07:12 | To do this, go to Filters scroll down > Data Analysis > Plot Over line. |
07:21 | Click on it. |
07:23 | You can see X , Y and Z axes. |
07:25 | Select the X & Y axis turn by turn. |
07:31 | I will select the X axis and click Apply. |
07:37 | You can see Pressure and velocity plots being plotted. |
07:42 | Since it is a non dimensional analysis, we need to plot the graph for u/U v/s y/L for Reynolds number =100 |
07:52 | To do this, in Plot Data click on the Y-axis |
07:58 | and click APPLY. |
08:01 | You can see the plot. |
08:03 | Now in menu bar, go to File > Save Data. |
08:09 | Give appropriate name to your file. |
08:11 | I will give this as "cavity". |
08:15 | The file will be saved as ".csv" (dot csv) file. |
08:19 | Now click OK. Again click OK. |
08:23 | Now go to the cavity folder of openfoam directory. |
08:29 | Scroll down. you can see the cavity.csv file. |
08:34 | Open it in Open office or LibreOffice Spreadsheet. |
08:39 | In the libreoffice spreadsheet, copy the U0 (u velocity) and to the right point 1(Y-axis) columns
in another spreadsheet. |
08:48 | Now divide both these coloumns that is u zero by capital U and points 1 by capital L |
08:59 | And Plot the results in libreoffice charts option on top in the menu bar. |
09:08 | Now let me switch back to the slides |
09:10 | Results obtained will be similar to this figure |
09:16 | Validate the result on a paper published on Lid Driven Cavity by : Ghia et al. (1982) and
Results obtained from Fluent |
09:24 | In this tutorial we learnt |
09:26 | File structure of Lid Driven cavity |
09:28 | Solved lid driven cavity. |
09:30 | Post-processing of solutions |
09:32 | And Validation |
09:34 | As as Assignment, |
09:35 | Change some parameters in the lid driven cavity |
09:38 | * Velocity Magnitude in the 0 folder |
09:41 | * Kinematic viscosity in transportPorpoerties in constant folder |
09:45 | And Plot results of u/U and y/L |
09:50 | Watch the video available at this URL: http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial |
09:54 | It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
09:57 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
10:00 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team |
10:02 | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials |
10:05 | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test |
10:09 | For more details, please write to us at contact @spoken-tutorial.org |
10:15 | Spoken Tutorials are part of Talk to a Teacher project, |
10:18 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
10:23 | More information on the same is available at the following URL link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro |
10:27 | This is Rahul Joshi from IIT BOMBAY signing off. |
10:30 | Thanks for joining |
Contributors and Content Editors
DeepaVedartham, Gaurav, Nancyvarkey, PoojaMoolya, Sandhya.np14, Sneha