Difference between revisions of "KTurtle/C3/Common-Errors-in-KTurtle/English-timed"

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|-
 
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|| 00:01
 
|| 00:01
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|| Welcome to this tutorial on '''Common Errors'''  in '''KTurtle.'''
+
|| Welcome to this tutorial on '''Common Errors in KTurtle.'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 00:07
 
|| 00:07
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 00:42
 
|| 00:42
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||Let's first define- What is an '''error''' ?
+
||Let's first define- What is an '''error'''?
  
 
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|-
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 01:42
 
|| 01:42
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|Click on  '''Dash  home'''. In the '''Search bar''', type: "KTurtle".
+
|Click on  '''Dash  home'''. In the '''Search bar''', type: "kturtle".
  
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
|-
 
||01:58
 
||01:58
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||I already have a program in a '''text editor'''.  
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||I already have a program in a text-editor.  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 02:02
 
|| 02:02
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 02:11
 
|| 02:11
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||'''$a=ask''' within double quotes '''"enter any number and click Ok"'''.
+
||'''$a=ask''' within double quotes "enter any number and click Ok".
 
|-
 
|-
 
||02:19
 
||02:19
−
||I will use hash(#) sign to comment the line.
+
||I will use hash(#) sign to '''comment''' the line.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 02:23
 
|| 02:23
−
||I will copy the program from '''text editor''' and paste it into '''Kturtle's''' Editor.
+
||I will copy the program from text-editor and paste it into Kturtle's editor.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 02:31
 
|| 02:31
 
|Pause the tutorial here and type the program into  your '''KTurtle''' editor.  
 
|Pause the tutorial here and type the program into  your '''KTurtle''' editor.  
−
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 02:37
 
|| 02:37
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 02:50
 
|| 02:50
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|'''"variable '$a' was used without first being assigned  to a value".'''
+
|"variable '$a' was used without first being assigned  to a value".
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 02:57
 
|| 02:57
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 03:10
 
|| 03:10
−
||So, I will go to line number 2, remove the comment.
+
||So, I will go to line number 2, remove the '''comment'''.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||  03:14
 
||  03:14
−
|| I will copy the program from text Editor and paste it into''' KTurtle's editor'''.
+
|| I will copy the program from text-editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 03:23
 
|| 03:23
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 03:38
 
|| 03:38
−
|Type '''clear''' command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
+
|Type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||03:43
 
||03:43
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|-
 
|-
 
||03:46
 
||03:46
−
||I already have a program in a text editor.  
+
||I already have a program in a text-editor.  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 03:50
 
|| 03:50
−
||Here the value of "'''pi'''" is predefined in KTurtle.
+
||Here, the value of "pi" is predefined in KTurtle.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 03:54
 
|| 03:54
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|-
 
|-
 
||  03:58
 
||  03:58
−
||I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into ''' Kturtle's Editor'''.  
+
||I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into Kturtle's Editor.  
−
 
+
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 04:05
 
|| 04:05
−
|Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your  '''KTurtle editor'''
+
|Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your  KTurtle editor.
  
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 04:16
 
|| 04:16
−
||Let's Click on '''Run''' button to '''run''' the program.  
+
||Let's click on '''Run''' button to '''run''' the program.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 04:22
 
|| 04:22
−
|'''"You cannot put '=' here"'''.
+
|"You cannot put '=' here".
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 04:26
 
|| 04:26
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|-
 
|-
 
||  04:41
 
||  04:41
−
||I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into '''KTurtle's''' Editor.  
+
||I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.  
 
|-
 
|-
 
||04:49
 
||04:49
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|-
 
|-
 
||05:05
 
||05:05
−
|| I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into '''KTurtle's ''' Editor.  
+
|| I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 05:12
 
|| 05:12
−
||Click on  '''Run''' button to run the program.
+
||Click on  '''Run''' button to '''run''' the program.
  
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 05:18
 
|| 05:18
−
|''''Text string was not properly closed, expected a double quote “ ” to close the string'.'''
+
|'Text string was not properly closed, expected a double quote (") to close the string'.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 05:25
 
|| 05:25
−
||Here the error is in line number 2.  
+
||Here, the error is in line number 2.  
 
|-
 
|-
 
||05:29
 
||05:29
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|-
 
|-
 
||  05:34
 
||  05:34
−
||I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into''' Kturtle's''' Editor.  
+
||I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into Kturtle's editor.  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 05:41
 
|| 05:41
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|-
 
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|| 06:10
 
|| 06:10
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|It may '''crash''' the program when you run it.  
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|It may '''crash''' the program when you '''run''' it.  
  
 
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|-
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 06:31
 
|| 06:31
−
|* Run a loop without a terminating '''condition''' or '''increment value'''.
+
|* Run a '''loop''' without a terminating '''condition''' or '''increment value'''.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||06:43
 
||06:43
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 06:47
 
|| 06:47
−
|Type '''clear''' command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
+
|Type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 06:52
 
|| 06:52
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|-
 
|-
 
||07:04   
 
||07:04   
−
||I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into '''KTurtle's''' Editor.  
+
||I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 07:11
 
|| 07:11
−
|Pause the tutorial and type the program into your '''KTurtle''' editor.  
+
|Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 07:20
 
|| 07:20
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||Let us click on  '''Run''' button to run the program.  
+
||Let us click on  '''Run''' button to '''run''' the program.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 07:24
 
|| 07:24
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|let's enter '5' for 'a' and click '''OK''',
+
|Let's enter '5' for 'a' and click '''OK''',
  
 
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|-
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|| 07:33
 
|| 07:33
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|Here. we get a ''' runtime error:'''  
+
|Here, we get a ''' run time error:'''  
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 07:36
 
|| 07:36
−
|“'''you tried to divide by zero'''”.
+
|“you tried to divide by zero”.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 07:39
 
|| 07:39
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|| 07:54
 
|| 07:54
 
|enter '2' for 'r' and click '''OK'''.  
 
|enter '2' for 'r' and click '''OK'''.  
−
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 07:58
 
|| 07:58
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|-
 
|-
 
|| 08:01
 
|| 08:01
−
||I will clear the current program from '''KTurtle''' editor.
+
||I will clear the current program from KTurtle editor.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 08:05
 
|| 08:05
−
|Type '''clear''' command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
+
|Type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||08:10
 
||08:10
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|-
 
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|| 08:28
 
|| 08:28
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|* Assigning a value to the wrong variable.
+
|* Assigning a value to a wrong variable.
  
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
|-
 
||  08:39
 
||  08:39
−
||I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into '''Kturtle's''' Editor.  
+
||I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into Kturtle's editor.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 08:47
 
|| 08:47
−
|Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your '''KTurtle''' editor.  
+
|Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
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|| 08:57
 
|| 08:57
−
||Now click on the '''Run''' button to run the program.  
+
||Now click on the '''Run''' button to '''run''' the program.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 09:01
 
|| 09:01
−
||A dialog box pops-up; let's click '''OK'''.
+
||A dialog-box pops-up; let's click '''OK'''.
  
 
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||  09:08
 
||  09:08
−
||We see that '''“while”''' loop prints numbers from 31 and is still printing.
+
||We see that “while” loop prints numbers from 31 and is still printing.
  
 
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|| 09:23
 
|| 09:23
−
||but the '''variable 'x'''' is always greater than 20.
+
||but the variable 'x' is always greater than 20.
  
 
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||09:44
 
||09:44
−
|| I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into '''KTurtle's''' editor.
+
|| I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 09:51
 
|| 09:51
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|| 09:55
 
|| 09:55
−
||A dialog box pop-up. Let us click '''OK'''.
+
||A dialog-box pops up. Let us click '''OK'''.
  
 
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|-
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||11:31
 
||11:31
 
||More information on this mission is available at this link:
 
||More information on this mission is available at this link:
−
http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro  
+
http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro.
  
 
|-
 
|-

Revision as of 15:47, 25 February 2016

Time Narration
00:01 Welcome to this tutorial on Common Errors in KTurtle.
00:07 In this tutorial, we will learn about:
00:10 * Syntax errors
00:12 * Run time errors and
00:14 * Logical errors.
00:17 To record this tutorial, I am using:
00:20 * Ubuntu Linux OS version 12.04
00:25 * KTurtle version 0.8.1 beta.
00:31 We assume that you have basic working knowledge of KTurtle.
00:36 If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website:

http://spoken-tutorial.org

00:42 Let's first define- What is an error?
00:46 Error is a mistake in a program that produces an incorrect or unexpected result.
00:55 First, I will explain about types of errors.
01:00 Syntax error is a violation of grammatical rules of a programming language.
01:09 Compilation fails when a program has syntax errors.
01:15 Syntax errors are easy to find and fix.
01:22 For Example:
01:23 * Unmatched parentheses, square and curly braces.
01:29 * Use of variable that has not been declared.
01:34 * Missing quotes in strings.
01:38 Let's open a new KTurtle Application.
01:42 Click on Dash home. In the Search bar, type: "kturtle".
01:48 Click on the KTurtle icon.
01:51 Let's begin the tutorial with some types of syntax errors.
01:58 I already have a program in a text-editor.
02:02 To explain the error in the program, I will comment part of the code.
02:09 Here, I will comment the line.
02:11 $a=ask within double quotes "enter any number and click Ok".
02:19 I will use hash(#) sign to comment the line.
02:23 I will copy the program from text-editor and paste it into Kturtle's editor.
02:31 Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
02:37 Resume the tutorial after typing the program.
02:42 Let's click on Run button to run the program.
02:47 Compiler shows the following error:
02:50 "variable '$a' was used without first being assigned to a value".
02:57 Here, the error is in line number 4.
03:02 This is a syntax error. It occurred as the variable 'a' was not declared.
03:10 So, I will go to line number 2, remove the comment.
03:14 I will copy the program from text-editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.
03:23 Let's click on Run button to run the program.
03:27 Enter '6' for 'a' value and click OK.
03:31 Program runs without errors.
03:35 I will clear the current program from KTurtle editor.
03:38 Type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas.
03:43 Let's next look at another error.
03:46 I already have a program in a text-editor.
03:50 Here, the value of "pi" is predefined in KTurtle.
03:54 Let's delete the '$' sign in the program.
03:58 I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into Kturtle's Editor.
04:05 Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
04:11 Resume the tutorial after typing the program.
04:16 Let's click on Run button to run the program.
04:19 Complier shows the following error:
04:22 "You cannot put '=' here".
04:26 This error is in line number 2.
04:30 This is a syntax error. It occurred as there is no container of variable.
04:37 Let's go back to the program, replace the '$' sign.
04:41 I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.
04:49 Let's click on Run button to run the program.
04:53 Enter 45 for angle value and click OK.
04:57 Program runs without errors.
05:00 Let's remove one of the quotes of the string.
05:05 I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.
05:12 Click on Run button to run the program.
05:15 Complier shows the following error:
05:18 'Text string was not properly closed, expected a double quote (") to close the string'.
05:25 Here, the error is in line number 2.
05:29 I will go back to line number 2 and replace the quotes.
05:34 I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into Kturtle's editor.
05:41 Click on Run button to run the program.
05:44 Enter '45' for angle value and click OK.
05:49 Program runs without errors.
05:52 This way you can find the line at which error has occurred and also correct it.
05:59 Let's now learn about run time errors.
06:04 Run-time error occurs during the execution of a program.
06:10 It may crash the program when you run it.
06:15 Runtime errors are commonly due to wrong input from the user.
06:23 Compiler cannot find these errors.
06:27 For example:
06:29 * Trying to divide by a variable that contains no value.
06:31 * Run a loop without a terminating condition or increment value.
06:43 I will clear the current program from the editor.
06:47 Type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas.
06:52 I already have a program in a text editor.
06:56 This program divides two numbers.
07:00 'a' is dividend and 'r' is divisor.
07:04 I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.
07:11 Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
07:16 Resume the tutorial after typing the program.
07:20 Let us click on Run button to run the program.
07:24 Let's enter '5' for 'a' and click OK,
07:29 enter '0' for 'r' and click OK.
07:33 Here, we get a run time error:
07:36 “you tried to divide by zero”.
07:39 This error is in line number 4.
07:43 This error occurs as we cannot divide a number with zero.
07:49 Let us run again.
07:51 Enter '5' for 'a' and click OK,
07:54 enter '2' for 'r' and click OK.
07:58 Program runs without errors.
08:01 I will clear the current program from KTurtle editor.
08:05 Type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas.
08:10 Next, we will learn about logical errors.
08:14 Logical error is a mistake in a program's source code that results in incorrect or unexpected behavior.
08:26 For example-
08:28 * Assigning a value to a wrong variable.
08:32 * Multiplying two numbers instead of adding.
08:36 I already have a program in a text editor.
08:39 I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into Kturtle's editor.
08:47 Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
08:52 Resume the tutorial after typing the program.
08:57 Now click on the Run button to run the program.
09:01 A dialog-box pops-up; let's click OK.
09:05 Loop goes into an infinite loop.
09:08 We see that “while” loop prints numbers from 31 and is still printing.
09:15 This is a logical error.
09:18 In the “while” condition 'x' is greater than 20
09:23 but the variable 'x' is always greater than 20.
09:28 So, the loop never terminates.
09:31 I will click on Abort button to abort the process.
09:36 Let's change $x=$x+1 to $x=$x-1.
09:44 I will copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor.
09:51 Let's click on Run button to run the program.
09:55 A dialog-box pops up. Let us click OK.
09:59 Loop terminates after printing the values from 29 to 20.
10:05 With this, we come to the end of this tutorial.
10:10 Let us summarize.
10:12 In this tutorial, we have learnt errors and types of errors such as-
10:18 * Use of variable that has not been declared.
10:23 * Missing quotes in strings.
10:27 * Runtime errors and
10:30 * Logical errors.
10:31 As an assignment, I would like you to find errors in the given programs.
10:46 Watch the video available at this URl:

http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken-Tutorial

10:50 It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
10:54 If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
10:59 The Spoken Tutorial Project team :
11:01 * Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials.
11:05 * Gives certificates to those who pass an online test.
11:09 For more details, please write to:

contact@spoken-tutorial.org

11: 17 Spoken Tutorial project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project.
11:23 It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
11:31 More information on this mission is available at this link:

http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro.

11:37 This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay, signing off.
11:41 Thank you for joining.
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