Difference between revisions of "KTurtle/C2/Grammar-of-TurtleScript/English-timed"
From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
Sandhya.np14 (Talk | contribs) |
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||00:11 | ||00:11 | ||
− | || Grammar of Turtle script and 'if'-'else' condition | + | || Grammar of '''Turtle script''' and ''''if'-'else'''' condition. |
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||00:16 | ||00:16 | ||
− | ||To record this tutorial I am using | + | ||To record this tutorial, I am using: |
+ | * '''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version 12.04 | ||
+ | * '''KTurtle''' version 0.8.1 '''beta'''. | ||
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|| 00:29 | || 00:29 | ||
− | ||We assume that you have basic working knowledge of KTurtle | + | ||We assume that you have basic working knowledge of KTurtle. |
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||00:35 | ||00:35 | ||
− | ||If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website | + | ||If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website: http://spoken-tutorial.org |
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||00:40 | ||00:40 | ||
− | ||Let's open a new '''KTurtle''' Application. | + | ||Let's open a new '''KTurtle''' '''Application'''. |
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||00:45 | ||00:45 | ||
− | ||In the Search bar, type '''KTurtle.''' | + | ||In the Search bar, type: '''"KTurtle".''' |
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||00:56 | ||00:56 | ||
− | ||Press ''' | + | ||Press '''Ctrl+Alt+T''' simultaneously to open the Terminal. |
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||01:01 | ||01:01 | ||
− | ||Type '''KTurtle''' and press | + | ||Type '''KTurtle''' and press '''Enter''' to open the 'KTurtle' Application. |
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||01:08 | ||01:08 | ||
− | ||Let's first look at '''TurtleScript''' | + | ||Let's first look at '''TurtleScript'''. |
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||01:11 | ||01:11 | ||
− | || '''TurtleScript''' is a programming language | + | || '''TurtleScript''' is a programming language. |
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||01:15 | ||01:15 | ||
− | ||It has different types of | + | ||It has different types of words and symbols used for various purposes. |
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||01:21 | ||01:21 | ||
− | || It | + | || It instructs Turtle what to do. |
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||01:25 | ||01:25 | ||
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||01:30 | ||01:30 | ||
− | || | + | ||* '''Comment'''s |
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||01:31 | ||01:31 | ||
− | || | + | ||* '''Command'''s |
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||01:32 | ||01:32 | ||
− | || Numbers | + | ||* Numbers |
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||01:33 | ||01:33 | ||
− | || | + | ||* '''String'''s |
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||01:34 | ||01:34 | ||
− | || | + | ||* '''Variable'''s and |
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||01:36 | ||01:36 | ||
− | || Boolean | + | ||* '''Boolean value'''s. |
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||01:38 | ||01:38 | ||
− | ||Now we will see where to store numbers | + | ||Now we will see where to store numbers. |
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||01:44 | ||01:44 | ||
− | || Mathematical operators | + | ||* Mathematical operators |
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||01:46 | ||01:46 | ||
− | ||Comparison operators and | + | ||* Comparison operators and |
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||01:49 | ||01:49 | ||
− | ||Variables | + | ||* Variables |
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||01:50 | ||01:50 | ||
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|| 02:04 | || 02:04 | ||
− | ||Variables are highlighted in | + | ||Variables are highlighted in purple color. |
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||02:09 | ||02:09 | ||
− | ||Using the assignment | + | ||Using the assignment equal to (=), a variable is given its content. |
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||02:14 | ||02:14 | ||
− | ||Variables can contain | + | ||Variables can contain- * numbers '''$a=100'''. |
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||02:20 | ||02:20 | ||
− | ||strings '''$a=hello''' or | + | ||* strings '''$a=hello''' or |
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||02:25 | ||02:25 | ||
− | ||boolean values that is true or false '''$a=true''' | + | ||* boolean values that is '''true''' or '''false''' '''$a=true''' |
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||02:44 | ||02:44 | ||
− | ||Let us type | + | ||Let us type:'''$a = 2004''' |
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|| 03:15 | || 03:15 | ||
− | ||'''print''' command | + | ||'''print''' command takes numbers and strings as '''input'''. |
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|| 03:29 | || 03:29 | ||
− | ||Let's Run the code in '''slow''' speed. | + | ||Let's '''Run''' the code in '''slow''' speed. |
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||03:34 | ||03:34 | ||
− | ||Value '''2029''' is displayed on the canvas | + | ||Value '''2029''' is displayed on the canvas. |
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||03.40 | ||03.40 | ||
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||03:44 | ||03:44 | ||
− | ||Mathematical operators include | + | ||Mathematical operators include- |
* '''+''' (Addition) | * '''+''' (Addition) | ||
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* '''-''' (Subtraction) | * '''-''' (Subtraction) | ||
− | * '''*''' ( | + | * '''*''' (Multiplication) and |
* '''/''' (Division) | * '''/''' (Division) | ||
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||03:53 | ||03:53 | ||
− | || I will clear the current code from editor and type '''clear''' command and '''RUN''' to clean the canvas | + | || I will clear the current '''code''' from editor and type '''clear''' command and '''RUN''' to clean the canvas. |
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||04:01 | ||04:01 | ||
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||04:05 | ||04:05 | ||
− | ||I will Explain the code now | + | ||I will Explain the code now. |
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||04:08 | ||04:08 | ||
− | ||'''“reset”''' command sets Turtle to its '''default''' position | + | ||'''“reset”''' command sets Turtle to its '''default''' position. |
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||04:12 | ||04:12 | ||
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||04:22 | ||04:22 | ||
− | || | + | || Value '''1+1''' is assigned to the variable''' $add'''. |
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||04:26 | ||04:26 | ||
− | ||Value '''20-5''' is assigned to variable '''$subtract''' | + | ||Value '''20-5''' is assigned to variable '''$subtract'''. |
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||04:31 | ||04:31 | ||
− | || | + | ||Value '''15 * 2''' is assigned to the variable '''$multiply.''' |
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||04:36 | ||04:36 | ||
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||04:40 | ||04:40 | ||
− | ||'''go 10,10''' commands to '''Turtle''' to go 10 pixels left of canvas and 10 pixels from top of canvas | + | ||'''go 10,10''' commands to '''Turtle''' to go 10 pixels left of canvas and 10 pixels from top of canvas. |
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||04:52 | ||04:52 | ||
− | ||'''print''' command displays the | + | ||'''print''' command displays the variable on the canvas. |
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||04:56 | ||04:56 | ||
− | ||I will copy the code from text editor and paste it into '''KTurtle''' editor. | + | ||I will '''copy''' the code from '''text editor''' and '''paste''' it into '''KTurtle''' editor. |
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||05:08 | ||05:08 | ||
− | ||Resume the tutorial after typing the program | + | ||Resume the tutorial after typing the program. |
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||05:13 | ||05:13 | ||
− | ||Let us click on '''Run''' button to run the program | + | ||Let us click on '''Run''' button to run the program. |
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||05:34 | ||05:34 | ||
||Let us consider a simple example for using '''comparison operator''' . | ||Let us consider a simple example for using '''comparison operator''' . | ||
− | |||
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|| 05:41 | || 05:41 | ||
− | || I will clear the current code from editor and type '''clear''' command and '''RUN''' to clean the canvas | + | || I will clear the current code from editor and type '''clear''' command and '''RUN''' to clean the canvas. |
|- | |- | ||
|| 05:49 | || 05:49 | ||
− | ||I will zoom the | + | ||I will zoom the program text to have clear view. |
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|| 05:53 | || 05:53 | ||
− | ||Let's type | + | ||Let's type: |
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||06:09 | ||06:09 | ||
− | ||Here 10 is compared to 3 with the ’'''greater than'''’ operator. | + | ||Here, 10 is compared to 3 with the ’'''greater than'''’ operator. |
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||06:14 | ||06:14 | ||
− | ||The result of this comparison, the '''boolean value true''' is stored in the | + | ||The result of this comparison, the '''boolean value 'true'''', is stored in the |
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|| 06:27 | || 06:27 | ||
− | ||Let's run the code now | + | ||Let's run the code now. |
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||06:29 | ||06:29 | ||
− | ||'''Turtle''' displays '''Boolean value true''' on the canvas. | + | ||'''Turtle''' displays '''Boolean value 'true'''' on the canvas. |
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||06:34 | ||06:34 | ||
− | ||Now | + | ||Now, let's see how '''String'''s work in this application – |
|- | |- | ||
||06:39 | ||06:39 | ||
− | ||Strings can be put in variables like numbers | + | ||* Strings can be put in variables like numbers. |
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||06:43 | ||06:43 | ||
− | ||Strings cannot be used in mathematical or comparison operators | + | ||* Strings cannot be used in mathematical or comparison operators. |
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||06:49 | ||06:49 | ||
− | ||Strings are highlighted in red color | + | ||* Strings are highlighted in red color. |
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||06:53 | ||06:53 | ||
− | ||KTurtle identifies a line in double quotes as a string | + | ||'KTurtle' identifies a line in double quotes as a string. |
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|| 07:00 | || 07:00 | ||
− | ||I will clear the current code from editor. | + | ||I will clear the current code from editor. Type '''clear''' command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas. |
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|| 07:08 | || 07:08 | ||
− | ||Now | + | ||Now, I will explain about Boolean values. |
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||07:16 | ||07:16 | ||
− | ||For example Let's type the code | + | ||For example: Let's type the code |
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||07:28 | ||07:28 | ||
− | ||'''print $answer''' | + | ||'''print $answer'''. |
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||07:34 | ||07:34 | ||
− | ||'''Boolean value false''' is assigned to variable''' $answer''' because 7 is greater than 5 | + | ||'''Boolean value 'false'''' is assigned to variable''' $answer''' because 7 is greater than 5. |
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|| 07:43 | || 07:43 | ||
− | ||Let's Run the code now | + | ||Let's '''Run''' the code now. |
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||07:56 | ||07:56 | ||
− | ||‘if’ condition is executed only if the '''boolean''' value evaluates ‘true’ | + | ||‘if’ condition is executed only if the '''boolean''' value evaluates ‘true’. |
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||08:03 | ||08:03 | ||
− | ||‘else’ condition is executed only if the ‘if’ condition is ‘false’ . | + | ||‘else’ condition is executed only if the ‘if’ condition is ‘false’. |
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|| 08:09 | || 08:09 | ||
− | ||I will clear the current code from editor. | + | ||I will clear the current code from editor. Type '''clear''' command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas. |
|- | |- | ||
||08:17 | ||08:17 | ||
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|| 08:21 | || 08:21 | ||
− | ||This code compares | + | ||This code compares numbers 4 , 5 and 6 and displays the results accordingly on the canvas. |
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||08:30 | ||08:30 | ||
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||08:42 | ||08:42 | ||
− | ||Resume the tutorial after typing the program | + | ||Resume the tutorial after typing the program. |
|- | |- | ||
|| 08:46 | || 08:46 | ||
− | ||Let's Run the code now | + | ||Let's Run the code now. |
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||08:49 | ||08:49 | ||
− | || | + | ||The '''Turtle''' has compared the values 4 and 5 |
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||08:53 | ||08:53 | ||
− | ||and has displayed the | + | ||and has displayed the result "4 is smaller than 6" on the canvas. |
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||09:00 | ||09:00 | ||
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||09:07 | ||09:07 | ||
− | ||In this tutorial, we have learnt about | + | ||In this tutorial, we have learnt about: |
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||09:11 | ||09:11 | ||
− | ||Grammar of Turtle script and | + | ||* Grammar of Turtle script and |
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||09:14 | ||09:14 | ||
− | || ‘if-else’ condition | + | ||* ‘if-else’ condition. |
|- | |- | ||
||09:17 | ||09:17 | ||
− | ||Now to the assignment part. | + | ||Now, to the assignment part. |
|- | |- | ||
||09:19 | ||09:19 | ||
− | || | + | ||Solve an equation using: |
|- | |- | ||
||09:22 | ||09:22 | ||
− | ||if - else condition | + | ||if - else condition, |
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||09:24 | ||09:24 | ||
− | || Mathematical and | + | || Mathematical and comparison operators. |
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||09:33 | ||09:33 | ||
− | ||To solve the assignment | + | ||To solve the assignment- |
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||09:35 | ||09:35 | ||
− | || | + | ||choose any four random numbers, |
|- | |- | ||
||09:38 | ||09:38 | ||
− | || | + | || multiply two sets of random numbers, |
|- | |- | ||
||09:42 | ||09:42 | ||
− | || | + | ||compare the results using the comparison operators, |
|- | |- | ||
||09:46 | ||09:46 | ||
− | || | + | || display both the results, |
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||09:49 | ||09:49 | ||
− | || | + | || display greater result at the center of the canvas. |
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||09:59 | ||09:59 | ||
− | ||Watch the video available at this URL | + | ||Watch the video available at this URL: http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken-Tutorial |
|- | |- | ||
||10:03 | ||10:03 | ||
− | ||It | + | ||It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
|- | |- | ||
||10:06 | ||10:06 | ||
− | ||If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it | + | ||If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
|- | |- | ||
|| 10:12 | || 10:12 | ||
− | ||The Spoken Tutorial Project | + | ||The Spoken Tutorial Project team : |
|- | |- | ||
||10:14 | ||10:14 | ||
− | ||Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials | + | ||* Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
|- | |- | ||
||10:18 | ||10:18 | ||
− | ||Gives certificates to those who pass an online test | + | ||* Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
|- | |- | ||
||10:22 | ||10:22 | ||
− | ||For more details, please write to | + | ||For more details, please write to: contact@spoken-tutorial.org |
|- | |- | ||
|| 10:30 | || 10:30 | ||
− | ||Spoken Tutorial | + | ||'''Spoken Tutorial''' project is a part of the '''Talk to a Teacher''' project. |
|- | |- | ||
||10:35 | ||10:35 | ||
− | ||It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | + | ||It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
|- | |- | ||
||10:43 | ||10:43 | ||
− | ||More information on this | + | ||More information on this mission is available at this link: http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro |
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||10:52 | ||10:52 | ||
− | ||This is Madhuri Ganpathi from '''IIT Bombay''' signing off Thank you for joining. | + | ||This is Madhuri Ganpathi from '''IIT Bombay''', signing off. Thank you for joining. |
|- | |- |
Revision as of 18:03, 17 September 2015
Time | Narration |
00:01 | Hello everybody. |
00:02 | Welcome to this tutorial on Grammar of TurtleScript in KTurtle. |
00:08 | In this tutorial, we will learn about |
00:11 | Grammar of Turtle script and 'if'-'else' condition. |
00:16 | To record this tutorial, I am using:
|
00:29 | We assume that you have basic working knowledge of KTurtle. |
00:35 | If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website: http://spoken-tutorial.org |
00:40 | Let's open a new KTurtle Application. |
00:43 | Click on Dash home. |
00:45 | In the Search bar, type: "KTurtle". |
00:49 | Click on the KTurtle icon. |
00:52 | We can also open KTurtle using Terminal. |
00:56 | Press Ctrl+Alt+T simultaneously to open the Terminal. |
01:01 | Type KTurtle and press Enter to open the 'KTurtle' Application. |
01:08 | Let's first look at TurtleScript. |
01:11 | TurtleScript is a programming language. |
01:15 | It has different types of words and symbols used for various purposes. |
01:21 | It instructs Turtle what to do. |
01:25 | Grammar of TurtleScript in KTurtle includes- |
01:30 | * Comments |
01:31 | * Commands |
01:32 | * Numbers |
01:33 | * Strings |
01:34 | * Variables and |
01:36 | * Boolean values. |
01:38 | Now we will see where to store numbers. |
01:42 | Numbers can be stored in |
01:44 | * Mathematical operators |
01:46 | * Comparison operators and |
01:49 | * Variables |
01:50 | I will zoom the program text for clear view. |
01:54 | First let's look at variables. |
01:57 | Variables are words that start with ‘$’ sign, for example $a. |
02:04 | Variables are highlighted in purple color. |
02:09 | Using the assignment equal to (=), a variable is given its content. |
02:14 | Variables can contain- * numbers $a=100. |
02:20 | * strings $a=hello or |
02:25 | * boolean values that is true or false $a=true |
02:32 | Variable keeps the content until program finishes execution or until it is reassigned to something else. |
02:41 | For example, consider the code. |
02:44 | Let us type:$a = 2004 |
02:50 | $b = 25 |
02:55 | print $a + $b |
03:01 | Variable 'a' is assigned a value 2004. |
03:06 | Variable 'b' is assigned a value 25 |
03:10 | print command, commands Turtle to write something on the canvas. |
03:15 | print command takes numbers and strings as input. |
03:19 | print $a + $b commands Turtle to add two values and display them on the canvas. |
03:29 | Let's Run the code in slow speed. |
03:34 | Value 2029 is displayed on the canvas. |
03.40 | Let us next see the Mathematical Operators. |
03:44 | Mathematical operators include-
|
03:53 | I will clear the current code from editor and type clear command and RUN to clean the canvas. |
04:01 | I already have a program in a text editor. |
04:05 | I will Explain the code now. |
04:08 | “reset” command sets Turtle to its default position. |
04:12 | canvassize 200,200 fixes the width and height of the canvas to 200 pixels each. |
04:22 | Value 1+1 is assigned to the variable $add. |
04:26 | Value 20-5 is assigned to variable $subtract. |
04:31 | Value 15 * 2 is assigned to the variable $multiply. |
04:36 | 30/30 is assigned to the variable $divide. |
04:40 | go 10,10 commands to Turtle to go 10 pixels left of canvas and 10 pixels from top of canvas. |
04:52 | print command displays the variable on the canvas. |
04:56 | I will copy the code from text editor and paste it into KTurtle editor. |
05:03 | Pause the tutorial and type the program into KTurtle editor. |
05:08 | Resume the tutorial after typing the program. |
05:13 | Let us click on Run button to run the program. |
05:17 | Command which is getting executed is highlighted on the editor. |
05:22 | Turtle displays the values on the canvas at the specified positions. |
05:34 | Let us consider a simple example for using comparison operator . |
05:41 | I will clear the current code from editor and type clear command and RUN to clean the canvas. |
05:49 | I will zoom the program text to have clear view. |
05:53 | Let's type: |
05:55 | $answer = 10 > 3 |
06:03 | print $answer |
06:09 | Here, 10 is compared to 3 with the ’greater than’ operator. |
06:14 | The result of this comparison, the boolean value 'true', is stored in the |
06:19 | variable $answer and the value true is displayed on the canvas. |
06:27 | Let's run the code now. |
06:29 | Turtle displays Boolean value 'true' on the canvas. |
06:34 | Now, let's see how Strings work in this application – |
06:39 | * Strings can be put in variables like numbers. |
06:43 | * Strings cannot be used in mathematical or comparison operators. |
06:49 | * Strings are highlighted in red color. |
06:53 | 'KTurtle' identifies a line in double quotes as a string. |
07:00 | I will clear the current code from editor. Type clear command and Run to clean the canvas. |
07:08 | Now, I will explain about Boolean values. |
07:11 | There are only two boolean values: true and false. |
07:16 | For example: Let's type the code |
07:20 | $answer = 7<5 |
07:28 | print $answer. |
07:34 | Boolean value 'false' is assigned to variable $answer because 7 is greater than 5. |
07:43 | Let's Run the code now. |
07:47 | Turtle diplays Boolean value false on the canvas. |
07:51 | Let's next learn about “if-else” conditon. |
07:56 | ‘if’ condition is executed only if the boolean value evaluates ‘true’. |
08:03 | ‘else’ condition is executed only if the ‘if’ condition is ‘false’. |
08:09 | I will clear the current code from editor. Type clear command and Run to clean the canvas. |
08:17 | I already have a code in a text file. |
08:21 | This code compares numbers 4 , 5 and 6 and displays the results accordingly on the canvas. |
08:30 | I will copy the code from text editor and paste it into KTurtle editor. |
08:36 | Pause the tutorial and type the program into your KTurtle editor. |
08:42 | Resume the tutorial after typing the program. |
08:46 | Let's Run the code now. |
08:49 | The Turtle has compared the values 4 and 5 |
08:53 | and has displayed the result "4 is smaller than 6" on the canvas. |
09:00 | With this we come to the end of this tutorial. |
09:05 | Let's summarize. |
09:07 | In this tutorial, we have learnt about: |
09:11 | * Grammar of Turtle script and |
09:14 | * ‘if-else’ condition. |
09:17 | Now, to the assignment part. |
09:19 | Solve an equation using: |
09:22 | if - else condition, |
09:24 | Mathematical and comparison operators. |
09:27 | Display the results using “print” and “go” commands. |
09:33 | To solve the assignment- |
09:35 | choose any four random numbers, |
09:38 | multiply two sets of random numbers, |
09:42 | compare the results using the comparison operators, |
09:46 | display both the results, |
09:49 | display greater result at the center of the canvas. |
09:54 | You can choose any equation which you like. |
09:59 | Watch the video available at this URL: http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken-Tutorial |
10:03 | It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
10:06 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
10:12 | The Spoken Tutorial Project team : |
10:14 | * Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
10:18 | * Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
10:22 | For more details, please write to: contact@spoken-tutorial.org |
10:30 | Spoken Tutorial project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project. |
10:35 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
10:43 | More information on this mission is available at this link: http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro |
10:48 | The Script is contributed by ITfC Bangaluru. |
10:52 | This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay, signing off. Thank you for joining. |