Difference between revisions of "Scilab/C2/Getting-Started/English-timed"

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{| border=1
 
{| border=1
  
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!Visual Cue
+
|'''Time'''
 +
|'''Narration'''
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
 
 +
|00:02
  
−
!Narration
+
|Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Getting Started''' with Scilab.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.03
+
|00:07
  
−
|'''Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Getting Started with Scilab.'''
+
| In this tutorial we are going to learn:
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.07
+
|00:09
  
−
| '''In this tutorial we are going to learn: '''
+
|* The use of Scilab as a calculator.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.10
+
|00:12
  
−
| ''' The use Scilab as a calculator.'''
+
|* How to store values in a variable.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.13
+
|00:15
  
−
| '''How to Store values in a variable.'''
+
|* How to perform various mathematical operations using these variables.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.16
+
|00:21
  
−
| '''How to Perform various mathematical operations using these variables.'''
+
|* How to create a file, to store commands executed during the session, in the current working directory.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.22
+
|00:29
  
−
| '''How to Create a file to store commands executed during the session in the current working directory.'''
+
|* How to define complex numbers.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.29
+
|00:31
  
−
| ''' How to define complex numbers.'''
+
|* How to perform exponential, logarithmic and trigonometric operations on numbers.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.32
+
|00:38
  
−
| '''How to Perform exponential, logarithmic and trigonometric operations on numbers.'''
+
|The prerequisite for this tutorial is- Scilab should be installed on your computer.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.38
+
|00:44
  
−
|'''The prerequisite for this tutorial are Scilab should be installed on your computer.'''
+
| I am using '''Scilab 5.2.0''' and '''Mac OS/X'''  for demonstration.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.45
+
|00:51
  
−
| '''I am using Scilab 5.2.0 and Mac OS(X) for demonstration'''
+
|Here is the Flow chart for the tutorial.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.52
+
|00:55
  
−
|'''Here is the Flow chart for the tutorial.'''
+
|Click on the '''Scilab shortcut icon''' on your Desktop and Start Scilab.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|00.55
+
|01:01
  
−
|'''Click on the Scilab shortcut icon on your Desktop and Start Scilab.'''
+
| This is the Scilab console window. Notice that the cursor is on the command prompt.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|01.01
+
|01:07
  
−
| '''This is the Scilab console window. Notice that the cursor is on the command prompt.'''
+
| I suggest that you practice this tutorial in Scilab simultaneously while pausing the video at regular intervals of time.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|01.07
+
|01:16
  
−
| '''I suggest that you practice this tutorial in Scilab simultaneously while pausing the video at regular intervals of time.'''
+
|Scilab can be used as a calculator.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|01.17
+
|01:19
  
−
|'''Scilab can be used as a calculator. Let us see some of the basic operations that it can do.'''
+
|Let us see some of the basic operations that it can do.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|01.25
+
|01:25
  
−
| '''Type 42 plus 4 multiplied by 4 minus 64 divided 4 and press enter.'''
+
| Type 42 plus 4 multiplied by 4 minus 64 divided by 4 and press Enter.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|01.36
+
|01:36
  
−
| '''The output is 42, as expected.'''
+
| The output is 42, as expected.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|01.40
+
|01:39
  
−
|'''Note that the answer 42 is stored in the default variable "a n s".'''
+
|Note that the answer 42 is stored in the default variable "a n s".
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|01.45
+
|01:45
  
−
|'''We can also create named variables:''' '''Type, '''
+
|We can also create named variables: Type,  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|01.49
+
|01:49
  
−
| '''a equals 12,b=21 , and c=33 and press enter.'''
+
| a equals 12, b=21 , c=33 and press Enter.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|02.00
+
|02:00
  
−
| '''This stores the values 12,21 and 33 in the variables a,b and c respectively.'''
+
| This stores the values 12, 21 and 33 in the variables a, b and c respectively.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|02.08
+
|02:08
  
−
| '''I will clear the scilab console using the clc command here'''
+
| I will clear the scilab console using the '''clc''' command here.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|02.14
+
|02:13
  
−
|'''Now we will perform some mathematical operations using these variables. '''
+
|Now we will perform some mathematical operations using these variables.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|02.20
+
|02:19
  
−
| '''For example,'''
+
| For example,
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|02.21
+
|02:21
  
−
| '''a+b+c gives the result 66 '''
+
| a+b+c gives the result 66;
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|02.27
+
|02:27
  
−
|'''also'''
+
|also
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|02.29
+
|02:29
  
−
| '''a times into bracket (b+c) gives the result 648'''
+
| a times into bracket  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|02.42
+
|02:35
  
−
|'''We can also assign the answer to another variable say 'd' by typing d = bracket (a+b)
+
| b plus c  gives the result 648.
  
−
close the bracket multiplied by c gives the answer '''
+
|-
 +
 
 +
|02:41
 +
 
 +
|We can also assign the answer to another variable say 'd' by typing d = bracket a+b close the bracket multiplied by c gives the answer  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|02.58
+
|02:58
  
−
| '''d = 1089.'''
+
| d = 1089.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|03.02
+
|03:01
  
−
|'''We can check the values in the variables by typing the names of the variables separated by commas on the command line as '''
+
|We can check the values in the variables by typing the names of the variables separated by commas on the command line as  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|03.09
+
|03:09
  
−
| '''a,b,c,d and press enter'''
+
| a,b,c,d and press Enter.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|03.16
+
|03:16
  
−
| '''I will clear the console here using the clc command'''
+
| I will clear the console here using the '''clc''' command.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|03.22
+
|03:21
  
−
|'''To take the power, use the “raised to” symbol which is located on the number key 6 of your keyboard.
+
|To take the power, use the “raised to” symbol which is located on the number key 6 of your keyboard.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|03.29
+
|03:29
  
−
|Press ' shift key' and number key 6 to used this symbol.
+
|Press 'Shift key' and number key 6 to use this symbol.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|03.34
+
|03:34
  
−
| for example, 7 square can be found by 7 raised to 2 and press Enter.'''
+
| for example, 7 square can be found by 7 raised to 2 and press Enter.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|03.44
+
|03:43
  
−
|'''For finding the square root of a number, say, 17, we use : sqrt(17).'''
+
|For finding the square root of a number, say, 17, we use : '''sqrt''' of 17.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|03.55
+
|03:55
  
−
|'''This is same as 17 raised to the power of zero point five. '''
+
|This is same as 17 raised to the power of zero point five.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|04.06
+
|04:06
  
−
|'''By convention, only the positive value comes as output.
+
|By convention, only the positive value comes as output.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|04.10
+
|04:10
  
−
| More generally, to find 34 to the power of (2 by 5), type:'''
+
| More generally, to find 34 to the power of (2 by 5), type:
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|04.15
+
|04:15
  
−
|34 raised to (2 divide by 5) and press Enter.
+
|34 raised to bracket  2 divided by 5 close the bracket and press Enter.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|04.25
+
|04:25
  
−
| '''Negative powers can also be used,
+
| Negative powers can also be used.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|04.28
+
|04:28
  
−
| Clear the cansole using clc command
+
| Clear the cansole using '''clc''' command.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|04.34
+
|04:33
  
−
| '''So far, we have seen how to do some simple calculations and how to create variables in Scilab. '''
+
| So far, you  have seen how to do some simple calculations and how to create variables in Scilab.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|04.41
+
|04:40
  
−
| '''Now let us start with the new command.
+
| Now let us start with the new command.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|04.44
+
|04:43
  
−
| This will helps remember command which were previously issued along with the outputs.'''
+
| This will help remember commands which were previously issued along with the outputs.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|04.49
+
|04:49
  
−
| '''First type the command pwd and press Enter'''
+
| First, type the command '''pwd''' and press Enter.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|04.55
+
|04:55
  
−
| '''This is the current working directory (on my computer). '''
+
| This is the current working directory (on my computer).  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|04.59
+
|04:58
  
−
|It might be different on your computer
+
|It might be different on your computer.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|05.01
+
|05:01
  
−
|'''The current working directory can be changed by clicking the changed current directory icon located on the toolbar of the scilab console window as you see.
+
|The current working directory can be changed by clicking the changed current directory icon, located on the toolbar of the scilab console window as you see.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|05.15
+
|05:15
  
−
|'''Now issue the diary command by typing:'''
+
|Now issue the diary command by typing:
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|05.20
+
|05:20
  
−
| '''diary('myrecord.txt') press enter'''
+
| '''diary bracket, open inverted commas,  myrecord.txt close inverted commas, close the bracket''' and press '''Enter'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|05.41
+
|05:40
  
−
|'''This command will create a file with the name "myrecord.txt" in the current working directory. '''
+
|This command will create a file with the name "myrecord.txt" in the current working directory.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|05.48
+
|05:48
  
−
| '''A transcript of the Scilab session from now onwards will be saved in this file. '''
+
| A transcript of the Scilab session from now onwards will be saved in this file.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|05.53
+
|05:53
  
−
| '''Its usefulness will be demonstrated at a later stage in this tutorial'''
+
| Its usefulness will be demonstrated at a later stage in this tutorial.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
| 06.00
+
| 06:00
  
−
|'''Please pause the tutorial now and attempt exercise number one given with the video. '''
+
|Please pause the tutorial now and attempt exercise number one given with the video.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|06.07
+
|06:07
  
−
|'''Now, let us see how Scilab handles complex numbers. '''
+
|Now, let us see how Scilab handles complex numbers.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|06.13
+
|06:13
  
−
| '''The imaginary unit i is defined in Scilab as percent i:'''
+
| The imaginary unit '''i''' is defined in Scilab as '''percent i''':
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|06.19
+
|06:18
  
−
| For example '''(Five point two multiplied percent i gives 5.2i'''
+
| For example,Five point two multiplied percent i gives 5.2i;
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|06.29
+
|06:29
  
−
|'''also( 10 plus 5 into percent i whole multiply by 2 times percent i gives the result- 10. + 20.i'''
+
|also bracket  10 plus 5 into percent i whole multiply by 2 times percent i gives the result -10. + 20.i
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|06.58
+
|06:58
  
−
| Now clear the console here,
+
| Now clear the console here.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|07.04
+
|07:04
  
−
|'''Let us see some other predefined numerical constants available in Scilab. '''
+
|Let us see some other predefined numerical constants available in Scilab.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|07.09
+
|07:09
  
−
| '''As with i, their names also start with the percent sign:'''
+
| As with i, their names also start with the percent sign:
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|07.13
+
|07:13
  
−
| '''For example, percent pi'''
+
| For example, '''percent pi''' (%pi).
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|07.18
+
|07:18
  
−
| '''The value of pi is as expected.'''
+
| The value of '''pi''' is as expected.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|07.21
+
|07:21
  
−
|'''Now, we will demonstrate the use of pi using a few built-in trigonometric functions as follows. '''
+
|Now, we will demonstrate the use of '''pi''' using a few built-in trigonometric functions as follows.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|07.28
+
|07:27
  
−
| '''For the functions sin of percent pi by 2 the result is1''''
+
| For the functions '''sine of percent pi by 2''' the result is 1.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
| 07.37
+
| 07:37
  
−
|''And for cos of percent pi by 2 the result is 6.123D-17.'''
+
|And for '''cos of percent pi by 2''' the result is 6.123D-17.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|07.50
+
|07:50
  
 
|Please note that the angles are measured in radians and
 
|Please note that the angles are measured in radians and
Line 418: Line 426:
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|07.54
+
|07:54
 +
 
 +
| notice that the second answer is zero for all practical purposes.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
 
 +
|07:59
 +
 
 +
| '''%eps''' is related to number known as "machine epsilon",
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
 
 +
|08:03
 +
 
 +
| It is the minimum digit resolution that Scilab can give.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
 
 +
|08:08
  
−
| '''Notice that the second answer is zero for all practical purposes. '''
+
|Type '''%eps''' on your console to find its value on your computer.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|07.59
+
|08:19
  
−
| '''%eps is related to number known as "machine epsilon",'''
+
| On my computer it gives 2.220D-16.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|08.04
+
|08:24
  
−
| '''It is the minimum digit resolution that Scilab can give.'''
+
| This shows the floating point precision used by Scilab .  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|08.08
+
|08:28
  
−
|Type % eps on your console to find its value on your computer.
+
| This number is a notation for 2.22 times 10^(-16). Clear the console here.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|08.19
+
|08:41
  
−
| '''On my computer it gives 2.220D-16 '''
+
|If one wants to write 0.000456, one can write it as 4.56d-4 or 4.56e-4.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|08.24
+
|09:06
  
−
| '''This shows the floating point precision used by Scilab . '''
+
|While scilab variables and functions are case-sensitive, here we can use small d or capital D,  small e or capital E.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|08.28
+
|09:16
  
−
| '''This number is a notation for 2.22 times 10^(-16). ''' Clear the console here.
+
|The base of the natural logarithm is another important predefined numerical constant:
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|08.41
+
|09:22
  
−
|'''If one wants to write 0.000456, one can write it as 4.56d-4 or4.56e-4'''
+
| '''percent e''' (%e) gives the result as expected.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|09.06
+
|09:30
  
−
| '''While scilab variables and functions are case-sensitive, here we can use small d or capital D, or small e, or capital E. '''
+
|We can achieve the same result with the function "e x p".
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|09.17
+
|09:35
  
−
|'''The base of the natural logarithm is another important predefined numerical constant:'''
+
| For example: exp bracket 1 close the bracket and press Enter.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|09.23
+
|09:44
  
−
| '''percent e givethe result as expected. '''
+
| You can see both the answers are same.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|09.31
+
|09:47
  
−
|'''We can achieve the same result with the function "e x p"'''.
+
|Clear the console using the '''clc''' command here.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|09.35
+
|09:55
  
−
| '''For example: exp (1)'' and press Enter
+
|similarly,
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|09.45
+
|09:56
  
−
| '''You can see both the answers are same'''
+
| %e square gives the following answer
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|09.47
+
|10:04
  
−
|Clear the console usingthe clc command here.
+
|which can also be achieved by typing exp of 2 .  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|09.55
+
|10:18
  
−
|'''similarly,'''
+
|The command '''log''' means the natural logarithm of a number, that is, to the base e.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|09.56
+
|10:23
  
−
| '''%e square gives the following answer'''
+
| Use log 10 for taking the logarithm with respect to base 10.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|10.04
+
|10:29
  
−
|'''which can also be achieved by typing exp of 2 . '''
+
| For example, log10 bracket 1e minus 23 close bracket  and press Enter, this gives the expected answer -23.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|10.18
+
|10:47
  
−
|'''The command log means the natural logarithm of a number, that is, to the base e. '''
+
| We get complex numbers when taking logarithm of negative .  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|10.24
+
|10:51
  
−
| '''Use log10 for taking the logarithm with respect to base 10. '''
+
| For complex numbers you can check this for yourself type : log of -1 or log of %i on your scilab console.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|10.29
+
|11:01
  
−
| '''For example, log10(1e-23)and press enter this gives the expected answer -23.
+
|Now recall that we invoked a recording of all the typed commands into the file myrecord.txt through the diary command.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|10.47
+
|11:09
  
−
| '''We get complex numbers when taking logarithm of negative for complex numbers: you can check this for yourself type : log(-1) or log(%i) on your scilab console'''
+
|Now, let's see how to close that file and view it.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|11.01
+
|11:13
  
−
|'''Now recall that we invoked a recording of all the typed commands into the file myrecord.txt through the diary command, now, let's see how to close that file and view it. '''
+
| For closing the file, type
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|11.14
+
|11:16
  
−
| '''For closing the file type,'''
+
| '''diary of zero'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|11.16
+
|11:21
  
−
| '''diary of zero'''
+
| This command will close and save the file myrecord.txt.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|11.21
+
|11:26
  
−
| '''This command will close and save the file myrecord.txt. '''
+
| Also recall that this file was created in current working directory, which in my case is desktop.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|11.26
+
|11:34
  
−
| '''Also recall that this file was created in current working directory, which in my case is my desktop. '''
+
|Let us open this file. To do so, click on the '''Open-a-file''' shortcut icon on your scilab console window toolbar.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|11.34
+
|11:46
  
−
|'''Let us open this file to do click on the a Open-a-file shortcut icon on your scilab console window toolbar.'''
+
| I will change the file format to '''All Files'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|11.46
+
|11:51
  
−
| I will change the file format to all file
+
|Select the file myrecord.txt and click on Open.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|11.51
+
|11:59
  
−
|Select the file myrecord.txt and click on ok.
+
|Note that all transactions, both commands and the corresponding answers given by Scilab, have been saved into this file.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|11.59
+
|12:10
  
−
|'''Note that all transactions, both commands and the corresponding answers given by Scilab, have been saved into this file.'''
+
|I will close this file.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|12.10
+
|12:15
  
−
|I will close this file,click yes.
+
|Click '''Yes'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|12.21
+
|12:21
  
−
| '''We know that, while a program is being developed, one experiments a lot with the code before arriving at suitable code. '''
+
|We know that while a program is being developed, one experiments a lot with the code before arriving at suitable code.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|12.29
+
|12:29
  
−
|'''Diary command helps to keep track of all the transactions'''.
+
|Diary command helps to keep track of all the transactions.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|12.35
+
|12:35
  
−
| If you recall that, we have closed the file my record.txt using the command diary of zero.
+
| If you recall that we had closed the file my record.txt using the command '''diary of zero'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|12.42
+
|12:42
  
−
| Please , note that no transactions can be saved after executing this command.
+
| please note that no transactions can be saved after executing this command.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|12.48
+
|12:48
  
−
| '''If we need to save the session once again, we need to issue the diary command again. '''
+
|If we need to save the session once again, we need to issue the diary command again.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
| 12.54
+
| 12:54
  
−
| ''' If the file contains some useful information, then one should use the some other file name in the diary command.'''
+
|If the file contains some useful information, then one should use some other file name in the diary command.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
| 13.03
+
| 13:03
  
−
| Because, use of same file name will overwrite the command.
+
| Because use of same file name will overwrite the existing file.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
| 13.09
+
| 13:09
  
−
|'''Pause the video here and solve the second exercise given with the video.'''
+
|Pause the video here and solve the second exercise given with the video.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
| 13.15
+
| 13:15
  
−
|'''You may have noticed that the solution for the problem was not exactly zero.
+
|You may have noticed that the solution for the problem was not exactly zero.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
| 13.24
+
| 13:21
  
−
| ''For more information on how to deal with this, type “help clean”.'''
+
| For more information on how to deal with this, type “help clean”.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|13.28
+
|13:27
  
−
|'''In general, if you need help about a particular command, then the 'help' or help with an argument command can be used.
+
|In general, if you need help about a particular command, then the 'help' or help with an argument command can be used.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|13.37
+
|13:37
  
−
| '''For example,type “help chdir” on the scilab console and press enter.
+
| For example, type “help chdir” on the scilab console and press Enter.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|13.53
+
|13:53
  
−
| ''' I will increase the size of the help browser.'''
+
| I will increase the size of the '''Help Browser'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
| 14.01
+
| 14:01
  
−
| ''Help chdir gives detained information on how to change the current working directory'.
+
| '''Help chdir''' gives detailed information on how to change the current working directory.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
| 14..10
+
| 14:10
  
−
| ''Another option is to click on the help browser icon on the toolbar of the scilab console window as you see''.
+
| Another option is to click on the Help Browser icon on the toolbar of the scilab console window as you see.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|14.20
+
|14:20
  
−
| '''Let me close the help browser and coming back to the slides.'''
+
| Let me close the Help Browser and coming back to the slides.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|14.31
+
|14:31
  
−
| '''The up - down arrow keys can been used to see the previously executed commands.'''
+
| The up - down arrow keys can be used to see the previously executed commands.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|14.36
+
|14:36
  
−
| '''While using the up - down arrows, you can stop at any command,and press the Enter key to execute it.'''
+
|While using the up - down arrows, you can stop at any command and press Enter to execute it.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|14.45
+
|14:45
  
−
| '''You can edit the commands, if necessary.
+
| You can edit the commands if necessary.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
| 14.48
+
| 14:48
  
−
| '' In fact, if you are looking for a previous command you typed, which started with the letter 'e', then type e, and then use up arrow key.'''
+
| In fact, you are looking for a previous command you typed, which started with the letter 'e', then type e, and then use up arrow key.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|14.59
+
|14:59
  
−
| '''Use the tab key to auto-complete the commad. It gives us all the available options to choose. '''
+
|Use tab key to auto-complete the command. It gives us all the available options to choose.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|15.08
+
|15:07
  
−
|'''In this tutorial we have learnt : '''
+
|In this tutorial we have learnt :
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|15.10
+
|15:10
  
−
| '''Use of Scilab as a calculator .'''
+
|* Use of Scilab as a calculator .
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|15.12
+
|15:12
  
−
| '''.Store the result in the default variable ans. '''
+
|* Store the result in the default variable ans.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|15.16
+
|15:16
  
−
| '''.Assign values to the variable using the equality sign.'''
+
|* Assign values to the variable using the equality sign.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|15.21
+
|15:20
  
−
| '''.Check values in variables by typing the name of the variable separated by commas on the console.'''
+
|* Check values in variables by typing the name of the variable separated by commas on the console.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|15.29
+
|15:28
  
−
| '''.Check the current working directory using pwd command.'''
+
|* Check the current working directory using pwd command.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|15.34
+
|15:34
  
−
| '''. Use diary command to save all commands typed on the console into a file.'''
+
|* Use diary command to save all commands typed on the console into a file.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|15.40
+
|15:40
  
−
| '''7.Define complex numbers, natural exponents and π using %i, %e and %pi respectively. '''
+
|* Define complex numbers, natural exponents and π using %i, %e and %pi respectively.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|15.49
+
|15:49
  
−
| '''.Use help command for detailed information about any command.'''
+
|* Use help command for detailed information about any command.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|15.54
+
|15:54
  
−
|'''This brings us to the end of this spoken tutorial on Getting Started with Scilab.'''
+
|This brings us to the end of this spoken tutorial on Getting Started with Scilab.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|15.59
+
|15:59
  
−
| There are many other functions in Scilab which will be covered in other spoken tutorials.'''
+
| There are many other functions in Scilab which will be covered in other spoken tutorials.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|16.06
+
|16:06
  
−
| * '''This spoken tutorial has been created by the Free and Open Source Software in Science and Engineering Education(FOSSEE). '''
+
| This spoken tutorial has been: created by the Free and Open Source Software in Science and Engineering Education(FOSSEE).  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|16.14
+
|16:14
  
−
| * '''More information on the FOSSEE project could beobtained from [http://fossee.in/ http://fossee.in] or [http://scilab.in/ http://scilab.in] '''
+
| More information on the FOSSEE project could be obtained from http://fossee.in or http://scilab.in website.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|16.23
+
|16:22
  
−
| '''Supported by the National Mission on Eduction through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. '''
+
| Supported by the National Mission on Eduction through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|16.29
+
|16:29
  
−
| More information on this please visitspoken hyphen tutorial dot o r g slash NMEICT hyphen intro''
+
| For More information on this, please visit spoken hyphen tutorial dot org slash NMEICT hyphen intro.
  
 
|-
 
|-
  
−
|16.43
+
|16:43
  
 
|I hope you find this spoken tutorial useful for learning.
 
|I hope you find this spoken tutorial useful for learning.
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|-
 
|-
  
−
|16.47
+
|16:47
  
 
| Thank you.
 
| Thank you.
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|-
 
|-
  
−
|16.48
+
|16:48
  
−
| '''This is Anuradha Amrutkar from IIT Bombay signing off.'''
+
| This is Anuradha Amrutkar from IIT Bombay, signing off.

Latest revision as of 09:27, 19 February 2015

Time Narration
00:02 Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Getting Started with Scilab.
00:07 In this tutorial we are going to learn:
00:09 * The use of Scilab as a calculator.
00:12 * How to store values in a variable.
00:15 * How to perform various mathematical operations using these variables.
00:21 * How to create a file, to store commands executed during the session, in the current working directory.
00:29 * How to define complex numbers.
00:31 * How to perform exponential, logarithmic and trigonometric operations on numbers.
00:38 The prerequisite for this tutorial is- Scilab should be installed on your computer.
00:44 I am using Scilab 5.2.0 and Mac OS/X for demonstration.
00:51 Here is the Flow chart for the tutorial.
00:55 Click on the Scilab shortcut icon on your Desktop and Start Scilab.
01:01 This is the Scilab console window. Notice that the cursor is on the command prompt.
01:07 I suggest that you practice this tutorial in Scilab simultaneously while pausing the video at regular intervals of time.
01:16 Scilab can be used as a calculator.
01:19 Let us see some of the basic operations that it can do.
01:25 Type 42 plus 4 multiplied by 4 minus 64 divided by 4 and press Enter.
01:36 The output is 42, as expected.
01:39 Note that the answer 42 is stored in the default variable "a n s".
01:45 We can also create named variables: Type,
01:49 a equals 12, b=21 , c=33 and press Enter.
02:00 This stores the values 12, 21 and 33 in the variables a, b and c respectively.
02:08 I will clear the scilab console using the clc command here.
02:13 Now we will perform some mathematical operations using these variables.
02:19 For example,
02:21 a+b+c gives the result 66;
02:27 also
02:29 a times into bracket
02:35 b plus c gives the result 648.
02:41 We can also assign the answer to another variable say 'd' by typing d = bracket a+b close the bracket multiplied by c gives the answer
02:58 d = 1089.
03:01 We can check the values in the variables by typing the names of the variables separated by commas on the command line as
03:09 a,b,c,d and press Enter.
03:16 I will clear the console here using the clc command.
03:21 To take the power, use the “raised to” symbol which is located on the number key 6 of your keyboard.
03:29 Press 'Shift key' and number key 6 to use this symbol.
03:34 for example, 7 square can be found by 7 raised to 2 and press Enter.
03:43 For finding the square root of a number, say, 17, we use : sqrt of 17.
03:55 This is same as 17 raised to the power of zero point five.
04:06 By convention, only the positive value comes as output.
04:10 More generally, to find 34 to the power of (2 by 5), type:
04:15 34 raised to bracket 2 divided by 5 close the bracket and press Enter.
04:25 Negative powers can also be used.
04:28 Clear the cansole using clc command.
04:33 So far, you have seen how to do some simple calculations and how to create variables in Scilab.
04:40 Now let us start with the new command.
04:43 This will help remember commands which were previously issued along with the outputs.
04:49 First, type the command pwd and press Enter.
04:55 This is the current working directory (on my computer).
04:58 It might be different on your computer.
05:01 The current working directory can be changed by clicking the changed current directory icon, located on the toolbar of the scilab console window as you see.
05:15 Now issue the diary command by typing:
05:20 diary bracket, open inverted commas, myrecord.txt close inverted commas, close the bracket and press Enter.
05:40 This command will create a file with the name "myrecord.txt" in the current working directory.
05:48 A transcript of the Scilab session from now onwards will be saved in this file.
05:53 Its usefulness will be demonstrated at a later stage in this tutorial.
06:00 Please pause the tutorial now and attempt exercise number one given with the video.
06:07 Now, let us see how Scilab handles complex numbers.
06:13 The imaginary unit i is defined in Scilab as percent i:
06:18 For example,Five point two multiplied percent i gives 5.2i;
06:29 also bracket 10 plus 5 into percent i whole multiply by 2 times percent i gives the result -10. + 20.i
06:58 Now clear the console here.
07:04 Let us see some other predefined numerical constants available in Scilab.
07:09 As with i, their names also start with the percent sign:
07:13 For example, percent pi (%pi).
07:18 The value of pi is as expected.
07:21 Now, we will demonstrate the use of pi using a few built-in trigonometric functions as follows.
07:27 For the functions sine of percent pi by 2 the result is 1.
07:37 And for cos of percent pi by 2 the result is 6.123D-17.
07:50 Please note that the angles are measured in radians and
07:54 notice that the second answer is zero for all practical purposes.
07:59 %eps is related to number known as "machine epsilon",
08:03 It is the minimum digit resolution that Scilab can give.
08:08 Type %eps on your console to find its value on your computer.
08:19 On my computer it gives 2.220D-16.
08:24 This shows the floating point precision used by Scilab .
08:28 This number is a notation for 2.22 times 10^(-16). Clear the console here.
08:41 If one wants to write 0.000456, one can write it as 4.56d-4 or 4.56e-4.
09:06 While scilab variables and functions are case-sensitive, here we can use small d or capital D, small e or capital E.
09:16 The base of the natural logarithm is another important predefined numerical constant:
09:22 percent e (%e) gives the result as expected.
09:30 We can achieve the same result with the function "e x p".
09:35 For example: exp bracket 1 close the bracket and press Enter.
09:44 You can see both the answers are same.
09:47 Clear the console using the clc command here.
09:55 similarly,
09:56  %e square gives the following answer
10:04 which can also be achieved by typing exp of 2 .
10:18 The command log means the natural logarithm of a number, that is, to the base e.
10:23 Use log 10 for taking the logarithm with respect to base 10.
10:29 For example, log10 bracket 1e minus 23 close bracket and press Enter, this gives the expected answer -23.
10:47 We get complex numbers when taking logarithm of negative .
10:51 For complex numbers you can check this for yourself type : log of -1 or log of %i on your scilab console.
11:01 Now recall that we invoked a recording of all the typed commands into the file myrecord.txt through the diary command.
11:09 Now, let's see how to close that file and view it.
11:13 For closing the file, type
11:16 diary of zero.
11:21 This command will close and save the file myrecord.txt.
11:26 Also recall that this file was created in current working directory, which in my case is desktop.
11:34 Let us open this file. To do so, click on the Open-a-file shortcut icon on your scilab console window toolbar.
11:46 I will change the file format to All Files.
11:51 Select the file myrecord.txt and click on Open.
11:59 Note that all transactions, both commands and the corresponding answers given by Scilab, have been saved into this file.
12:10 I will close this file.
12:15 Click Yes.
12:21 We know that while a program is being developed, one experiments a lot with the code before arriving at suitable code.
12:29 Diary command helps to keep track of all the transactions.
12:35 If you recall that we had closed the file my record.txt using the command diary of zero
12:42 please note that no transactions can be saved after executing this command.
12:48 If we need to save the session once again, we need to issue the diary command again.
12:54 If the file contains some useful information, then one should use some other file name in the diary command.
13:03 Because use of same file name will overwrite the existing file.
13:09 Pause the video here and solve the second exercise given with the video.
13:15 You may have noticed that the solution for the problem was not exactly zero.
13:21 For more information on how to deal with this, type “help clean”.
13:27 In general, if you need help about a particular command, then the 'help' or help with an argument command can be used.
13:37 For example, type “help chdir” on the scilab console and press Enter.
13:53 I will increase the size of the Help Browser.
14:01 Help chdir gives detailed information on how to change the current working directory.
14:10 Another option is to click on the Help Browser icon on the toolbar of the scilab console window as you see.
14:20 Let me close the Help Browser and coming back to the slides.
14:31 The up - down arrow keys can be used to see the previously executed commands.
14:36 While using the up - down arrows, you can stop at any command and press Enter to execute it.
14:45 You can edit the commands if necessary.
14:48 In fact, you are looking for a previous command you typed, which started with the letter 'e', then type e, and then use up arrow key.
14:59 Use tab key to auto-complete the command. It gives us all the available options to choose.
15:07 In this tutorial we have learnt :
15:10 * Use of Scilab as a calculator .
15:12 * Store the result in the default variable ans.
15:16 * Assign values to the variable using the equality sign.
15:20 * Check values in variables by typing the name of the variable separated by commas on the console.
15:28 * Check the current working directory using pwd command.
15:34 * Use diary command to save all commands typed on the console into a file.
15:40 * Define complex numbers, natural exponents and π using %i, %e and %pi respectively.
15:49 * Use help command for detailed information about any command.
15:54 This brings us to the end of this spoken tutorial on Getting Started with Scilab.
15:59 There are many other functions in Scilab which will be covered in other spoken tutorials.
16:06 This spoken tutorial has been: created by the Free and Open Source Software in Science and Engineering Education(FOSSEE).
16:14 More information on the FOSSEE project could be obtained from http://fossee.in or http://scilab.in website.
16:22 Supported by the National Mission on Eduction through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
16:29 For More information on this, please visit spoken hyphen tutorial dot org slash NMEICT hyphen intro.
16:43 I hope you find this spoken tutorial useful for learning.
16:47 Thank you.
16:48 This is Anuradha Amrutkar from IIT Bombay, signing off.

Contributors and Content Editors

Gaurav, Jyotisolanki, Krupali, PoojaMoolya, Sandhya.np14, Sneha

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