Difference between revisions of "BASH/C2/Nested-and-multilevel-if-elsif-statements/English-timed"

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|Type '''man test '''on''' terminal '''and explore various '''string ''' comparison.  
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|Type: '''chmod space plus x space multilevel-ifelse.sh '''
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Revision as of 15:33, 5 December 2014

Time
Narration
00:00 Dear friends, welcome to the spoken tutorial on Nested and multilevel if statement in BASH.
00:09 In this tutorial, we will learn about the
00:12 Nested if-else and
00:14 Multilevel if-else statement
00:17 We will do this by using a few examples.
00:22 To follow this tutorial, You should be familiar with Linux Operating System.
00:28 If not, for relevant tutorials please visit our website which is as shown
00:35 For this tutorial I am using
00:38 Ubuntu Linux 12.04 OS and
00:42 GNU Bash version 4.1.10
00:46 GNU Bash version 4 or above is recommended for practice.
00:52 Let us understand the flow of Nested if-else statement.
00:57 Here, if condition1 is true, then condition 2 will be evaluated.
01:04 if condition2 is true, then statement 1 will be executed.
01:10 That means, only when both the conditions 1 and 2 are true , then statement 1 will be executed.
01:19 If condition1 is false, then statement 3 will be executed.
01:25 And if condition 2 is false, then statement 2 will be executed.
01:31 Let's see an example.
01:33 I have written code in the file nestedifelse.sh
01:38 I will open it.
01:40 Let me explain the code now.
01:43 This is the shebang line.
01:45 The variable NAME has been assigned the value anusha.
01:50 The variable PASSWORD has been assigned the value abc123.
01:56 The read command reads one line of data from the standard input.
02:02 - (hyphen) p flag displays the prompt.
02:05 The string after - (hyphen) p, “Enter name: ” will be displayed on the terminal.
02:11 myname is a variable which stores the text entered by user i.e. the user input.
02:18 The first if statement compares the two variables myname and NAME.
02:24 i.e. the user input and the value stored in variable Name i.e. anusha.
02:31 If the two values match, then the rest of the code in this if statement will be evaluated.
02:38 The read command reads and stores the entered password in variable mypassword.
02:46 Here, - (hyphen) s flag is for silent mode.
02:49 It means the text entered by the user will Not be displayed on the terminal.
02:56 Here we have another set of if-else statements.
02:59 This set of if-else statements is nested within the first if .
03:05 The second if statement compares variables mypassword and PASSWORD.
03:12 echo displays the message “Welcome” on the terminal when the if condition is true;
03:18 i.e. the passwords match.
03:21 -e enables interpretation of backslash escapes.
03:27 \n stands for new line; which means the string Welcome” will be printed on a new line.
03:35 When the if condition is not true,then the else condition will be executed;
03:42 i.e. when the passwords don't match, the else condition will be executed.
03:48 In this case, echo displays “Wrong password”
03:53 fi ends the inner if-else statement.
03:57 Coming back to our first if-else statement.
04:01 If the values in myname and NAME don't match, then this else statement will be executed.
04:09 This will echo the message “Wrong Name” on the terminal.
04:14 fi ends the outer if-else statement.
04:18 Now open the terminal window by pressing ctrl+alt and t keys simultaneously on your keyboard.
04:27 Make the file executable.
04:29 Type: chmod space plus x space nestedifelse.sh
04:38 Now type dot slash nestedifelse.sh
04:43 The program verifies two conditions
04:46 ie Name and Password
04:48 when it is executed on the terminal.
04:52 Here, the prompt displays Enter Name
04:55 Let us type anusha.
04:57 As this condition is true, the next if condition will be evaluated.
05:02 Now the prompt says Password
05:05 I will type the password as abc123
05:10 The password matches with the value in the variable PASSWORD.
05:15 So, the prompt displays the message Welcome
05:19 Now let us execute the script again.
05:21 Press the up arrow key.
05:24 Go to dot slash nestedifelse.sh
05:29 Press Enter.
05:31 This time we will enter the same name, with different password.
05:37 So I will enter the name as anusha and password as 123.
05:44 The name values will match but the password values won't.
05:49 So, the message Wrong passwordwill be displayed.
05:53 This proves that the nested else statement within the first if statement was executed.
06:01 Let's execute the script once more.
06:04 This time we will give the name as swati
06:08 The message “Wrong name” is displayed.
06:12 This is because the name swati does not match the previously declared value anusha.
06:19 The control comes out of the first if statement and executes the else statement.
06:25 This prints the message Wrong name.
06:29 Now let us look at multilevel if-else statement.
06:34 if condition1 is true, then statement1 is executed.
06:40 Ifcondition1 is false, then condition 2 is evaluated.
06:46 if condition2 is true, then statement 2 is executed .
06:52 And if condition 2 is false, then condition N is evaluated.
06:58 If condition N is true, then statement N is executed.
07:03 And if Condition N is false, then statement X will be executed.
07:10 Let's look at an example.
07:12 I have a working example.
07:14 I will open it. Note that our file name is multilevel hyphen ifelse dot sh.
07:23 Let us go through the code.
07:25 This is the shebang line.
07:27 mystring is a variable which stores the word, input by user, during execution.
07:34 The if condition checks whether input string is null.
07:39 - (hyphen) z checks whether length of string is zero.
07:44 Type man test on terminal and explore various string comparison.
07:51 This echo statement will be printed, if nothing is entered.
07:56 The first elif condition checks whether the input string contains raj.
08:03 If it does, then this echo statement will be printed.
08:08 The wildcard character ensures that any word with raj in it, will be identified.
08:15 The next elif condition checks whether the input string contains the word jit.
08:22 If it does, then this echo statement will be printed.
08:27 The else condition will be executed when all the above conditions fail.
08:33 And it will display the message Sorry! Input does not contain either 'raj' or jit
08:41 fi indicates the end of multilevel if-else statement.
08:46 Let us now execute the program.
08:48 Come back to our terminal.
08:51 Type: chmod space plus x space multilevel hyphen ifelse dot sh
09:00 Type dot slash multilevel hyphen ifelse dot sh
09:06 We are prompted for an input.
09:09 Let us give different inputs and see what happens each time.
09:14 First I will press Enter without typing anything.
09:19 The message Nothing was Entered is displayed.
09:22 And the control comes out of the multilevel if-else statement.
09:28 Let me clear the prompt.
09:30 Let us try executing the script with a different input.
09:34 Press up arrow key.
09:36 Go to dot slash multilevel hyphen ifelse dot sh.
09:41 Press Enter.
09:43 The prompt displays "Enter a Word".
09:45 I will type abhijit.
09:48 The output displayed is “abhijit contains word jit”.
09:53 This shows that the control flowed to the third condition in our code.
09:59 The first two conditions did not match.
10:03 The same logic is applicable for all the conditions.
10:07 Try executing the program with different inputs and check the results.
10:13 Let us summarise.
10:15 In this tutorial we learnt, the usage of
10:18 Nested If-else: with Name and Password verification and
10:23 Multilevel if-else: String comparison program
10:28 As an assignment, write a program to output different messages when number is
10:34 greater than 3,
10:35 lesser than 3,
10:37 or equal to 3,
10:39 or when the user input is empty
10:42 Watch the video available at the link shown below
10:45 It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project
10:48 If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it
10:53 The Spoken Tutorial Project Team
10:55 Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
10:58 Gives certificates to those who pass an online test
11:02 For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org
11:09 Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
11:13 It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India
11:20 More information on this Mission is available at the link shown below
11:26 The script has been contributed by FOSSEE and Spoken Tutorial Team.
11:31 This is Ashwini from IIT Bombay.

Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14

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