View source for PhET/C2/The-Greenhouse-Effect/English



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||'''Visual Cue'''
||'''Narration'''

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|| '''Slide Number 1''' 

'''Title Slide''' 
|| Welcome to this tutorial on '''Greenhouse Effect''', an  Interactive '''PhET simulation'''. 
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|| '''Slide Number 2''' 

'''Learning Objectives''' 
|| In this tutorial, we will 

Demonstrate '''Greenhouse Effect''', using Interactive '''PhET simulation'''. 
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|| '''Slide Number 3''' 

'''Pre-requisites''' 
|| To follow this tutorial you should have knowledge of High School Science. 
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|| '''Slide Number 4''' 

'''System Requirement''' 
|| Here I am using- 

Ubuntu Linux OS version 14.04 

Java version 1.7.0 

Firefox Web Browser version 53.02.2. 
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|| '''Slide Number 5''' 

'''Learning Goals''' 
|| Using this simulation students will learn, 

Effect of greenhouse gases on atmospheric temperature. 

Explore and compare the atmosphere of '''Ice age''' and '''Today'''.

Effect of '''Glass panes''' and '''Clouds''' on atmospheric temperature. 
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|| '''Slide Number 6''' 

'''Learning Goals''' 
|| Interaction of photons with atmospheric gases. 
 
Contribution of atmospheric gases to '''Greenhouse Effect'''. 
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|| '''Slide Number 7''' 

'''Greenhouse Effect''' 
|| '''Greenhouse Effect''' 

It is a phenomenon in which, earth's atmosphere traps radiation emitted by sun. 
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|| '''Slide Number 8''' 

'''Greenhouse Effect''' 
|| This effect is caused by gases in the atmosphere. 

They retain the heat radiated back from earth's surface. 
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|| '''Slide Number 9''' 

'''Percentage of Greenhouse Gases''' 
|| This slide shows greenhouse gases and their percentages. 
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|| '''Slide Number 10''' 

'''Greenhouse 1''' 
|| This process is similar to what happens inside a '''Greenhouse'''. 

In cold places, fruits and vegetables are grown in glass covered area called a '''Greenhouse'''. 
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|| '''Slide number 11''' 

'''Greenhouse 2''' 
|| In a '''Greenhouse''', 

solar radiations pass through the transparent glass and heat up the soil. 

Some of this heat is absorbed by the glass and some is reflected. 

This mechanism keeps the energy of the sun trapped in the '''Greenhouse'''. 
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|| '''Slide Number 12''' 

'''PhET Simulation Link''' 
|| Use the following link to download the simulation. 
 
https://phet.colorado.edu 
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|| Point to file in '''Downloads''' folder. 

|| I have already downloaded the '''Greenhouse Effect''' simulation to my '''Downloads''' folder. 

I will open the simulation using the terminal. 
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|| Press Ctrl+Alt+T keys simultaneously. 

Type '''cd Downloads''' .

Press enter. 

Type '''java space hyphen jar space greenhouse_en.jar''' .

Press enter. 

Point to the simulation. 
|| Open the terminal. 

At the prompt type '''cd Downloads''' and press enter. 

Then type, '''java space hyphen jar space greenhouse_en.jar''' and press enter. 

'''Greenhouse Effect''' simulation opens. 
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|| Cursor on the interface. 

Point to the three screens. 
|| The simulation has 3 screens, 

'''Greenhouse Effect''' 

'''Glass Layers''' and 

'''Photon Absorption'''. 
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|| Cursor on '''Greenhouse Effect''' screen. 

Point to yellow photons. 

Point to red photons. 
|| '''Greenhouse Effect''' screen shows Earth's atmosphere. 

Light from Sun is depicted as yellow photons. 

The radiated heat from Earth's surface is shown as red infrared photons. 
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|| Point to the panels on the right side of the screen. 

 
Point to the '''Today''' radio button. 
|| On the right-hand side panel, we have options to explore the atmosphere. 

By default '''Atmosphere during''' is set as '''Today'''. 
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|| Point to the '''Greenhouse Gas Composition''' .
|| Observe the composition of greenhouse gases for '''Today's Atmosphere'''. 
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|| Point to the thermometer. 

Point to radio buttons '''Fahrenheit''' and '''Celsius'''. 
|| There is a thermometer to record the temperature in '''Kelvin''' and '''Fahrenheit''' scales. 

'''Options''' panel has radio buttons to display temperature in, '''Fahrenheit''' or '''Celsius''' units. 
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|| Point to Play/Pause button. 

Drag the slider from '''fast''' to '''slow'''. 
|| At the bottom of the screen there are buttons to '''Pause''' and '''Play''' simulation. 

Drag the slider to change the speed of the animation from '''fast''' to '''slow'''. 
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|| Point to the '''thermometer'''. 
|| Observe the temperature on the '''thermometer'''. 
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|| Click on '''Adjustable concentration''' button. 

Drag the slider towards '''lots'''. 
|| Click on '''Adjustable concentration''' button. 

It will increase the concentration of greenhouse gases.

Then drag the '''Greenhouse Gas Concentration''' slider towards '''Lots''' .
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|| Point to '''thermometer'''. 
|| Observe the temperature on the '''thermometer'''. 

As the concentration of greenhouse gases increases, temperature increases. 
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|| From the options menu, click to add clouds. 

Point to the '''thermometer'''. 
|| Does clouds in atmosphere help in reducing the '''Greenhouse Effect'''? 

Add '''Clouds''' to the simulation from the '''Options''' menu. 

Observe the temperature. 

Note that, '''Clouds''' will help the atmosphere, to retain heat. 
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|| Click on '''1750''' radio button. 
 
Point to '''Greenhouse Gas Composition'''. 

Click on '''Ice age''' radio button. 

Point to '''Greenhouse Gas Composition'''. 

Cursor on composition table. 
|| You can also compare the atmosphere during 18<sup>th</sup> century and '''Ice age'''. 

Click on '''1750''' radio button. 

Note the composition of greenhouse gases. 

Click on '''Ice age''' radio button. 

Note the change in composition of greenhouse gases. 

Percentage composition of greenhouse gases in '''Ice age''' is much lower. 
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|| Click on '''Reset All''' button. 

Click on '''Yes''' button. 
|| Click on '''Reset All''' button at the bottom of the screen to reset the simulation. 

Click on '''Yes''' to confirm your action. 
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|| 
|| Now let us explore other screens in this window. 
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|| Click on '''Glass Layers''' tab. 

Point to '''Glass panes'''. 

Add a '''Glass Pane'''. 

Point to the '''thermometer'''. 

Add more '''Glass Panes'''. 
|| Click on '''Glass Layers''' tab. 

Here, we have an option to add '''Glass Panes''' to the simulation. 

This helps to understand the effect of '''Glass Panes''' on atmospheric temperature. 

Let us add a '''Glass Pane''' and observe the change in temperature. 

Add more '''Glass Panes''' and see what happens. 
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|| Click on '''Photon Absorption''' tab 
|| Click on '''Photon Absorption''' tab. 
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|| Drag the '''Infrared Photon''' slider. 

Point to the photons. 

Click on '''Atmospheric Gases''' radio buttons. 
|| Drag the '''Infrared Photon''' slider to release the photons. 

Click on '''Atmospheric Gases''' radio buttons, one by one and check the vibrations. 
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|| Click on '''Build Atmosphere''' radio button. 

Drag the sliders for CH<sub>4</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O, N<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>2</sub>. 

Drag the slider for releasing '''Infrared Photons'''. 

Point to the molecules. 
|| Click on '''Build Atmosphere''' radio button. 

Drag the sliders for the respective atoms. 

Then drag the slider for releasing '''Infrared''' or '''Visible Photons'''.

Observe the vibrations of the molecules. 
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|| 
|| Let us summarize. 
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|| '''Slide Number 13''' 

'''Summary''' 
|| In this tutorial we have learnt, 

About the effect of greenhouse gases on atmospheric temperature. 

Compared the atmosphere of '''Ice age''' and '''Today'''. 

Effect of '''Glass panes''' and '''Clouds''' on atmospheric temperature. 
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|| '''Slide Number 14''' 

'''Summary''' 
|| Interaction of photons with atmospheric gases. 

Contribution of atmospheric gases to '''Greenhouse Effect'''. 
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|| '''Slide Number 15''' 

'''Assignment''' 
|| As an assignment, 

1. Compare atmospheric temperature during 18<sup>th</sup> century and '''Ice age'''. 
 

2. Add '''Clouds''' to the simulation and observe the changes in the temperature. 
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|| '''Slide Number 16''' 

'''Assignment''' 
|| 3. Explore '''Glass layers''' and '''Photon Absorption''' screens. 


4. Explain why '''Glass panes''' increase the temperature of the atmosphere. 
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|| '''Slide Number 17''' 

'''About Spoken Tutorial project''' 
|| The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. 

Please download and watch it. 
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|| '''Slide Number 18''' 

'''Spoken Tutorial workshops''' 
|| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project''' team: 

conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and 

gives certificates on passing online tests. 

For more details, please write to us.
|- 
|| '''Slide Number 19''' 

'''Forum for specific questions:''' 

Do you have questions in THIS Spoken Tutorial? 

Please visit this site 
Choose the minute and second where you have the question. 
Explain your question briefly 
Someone from our team will answer them. 
|| Please post your timed queries on this forum. 
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|| '''Slide Number 20''' 

'''Acknowledgements''' 
|| This project is partially funded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching. 
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|| '''Slide Number 21''' 

'''Acknowledgement '''
|| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India. 

More information on this mission is available at this link. 
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|| 
|| This tutorial is contributed by Snehalatha Kaliappan and Meenal Ghoderao from IIT-Bombay. 

Thank you for joining 

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