View source for OpenPLC-with-LDmicro/C2/SET-and-RESET-Coils/English


{| style="border-spacing:0;"
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| <center>'''Visual Cue'''</center>
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| <center>'''Narration'''</center>

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 1: 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''SET & RESET Coils.'''

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 2: 

Learning Objectives

* SET-only Coil
* RESET-only Coil

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| In this tutorial, we will learn about working of

* '''SET-only''' '''Coil''' and 
* '''RESET-only Coil'''

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 3: System Requirements

* Ubuntu 18.04''' '''OS
* LDmicro
* OpenPLC Mainboard
* 24V, 2A SMPS
* USBasp programmer
* Traffic Light module
* Switchboard module

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| To record this tutorial I am using:

* '''Ubuntu Linux 18.04''' operating system
* '''LDmicro'''
* '''OpenPLC Mainboard'''
* '''24V, 2A SMPS'''
* '''USBasp''' programmer
* '''Traffic Light''' module
* '''Switchboard''' module

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 4: Pre-requisites

* Working of Normal Contact and Normal Coil.
* If not, please refer to the relevant tutorials from [https://spoken-tutorial.org/ Home | spoken-tutorial.org]

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| To follow this tutorial, you should know the 

* working of '''Normal Contact''' and '''Normal Coil'''
* If not, please refer to the relevant tutorials in this series on this website.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 5: Prerequisites - Hardware setup

hardware-prerequisite.jpg
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Connect''' SMPS''' and '''USBasp''' to the '''Mainboard''' as shown in the picture.

Keep these connections throughout this tutorial.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Open LDmicro
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us open '''LDmicro'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| First we will learn about working of a '''SET-only Coil'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click Instructions -> Insert Contact >> Place the cursor to the right of the Contact >> Click Instructions -> Insert Coil
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Insert a '''Contact''' and a '''Coil''' as shown.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double-click on contact >> Type ON in name box >> Click OK button
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Rename the '''Contact''' as '''‘ON’'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double-click on coil >> Type LED in name box >> Select ‘SET-only’ option >> Click OK button
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double-click on the '''Coil'''.

In the '''Type''' column, select '''‘SET-only’''' option.

Rename the '''Coil''' as '''‘LED’'''.

Click the '''OK''' button.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We will now check the working of this logic.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click Simulate -> Simulation mode >> Click Simulate -> Real-time simulation
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us turn on the '''simulation mode'''.

For that, click '''Simulate''' and then on '''Simulation mode.'''

Next, start '''real-time simulation''' as shown.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Highlight the state of XON and YLED
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Observe the state of the '''Contacts''' and '''Coils''' in the '''I/O list'''.

Initially the state of '''XON''' and '''YLED''' are 0.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double-click on XON >> Highlight the state of the ‘YLED’ 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Change the state of '''XON''' to 1.

The state of '''YLED''' should change to 1.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double-click on XON >>

Highlight the state of the ‘YLED’ 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Change the state of '''XON '''again to 0.

We can observe the state of '''YLED''' is still 1.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Highlight the state of the ‘YLED’ 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| That is, '''SET-only Coil sets''' its state to 1 when it identifies the 0 to 1 transition.

1 to 0 transition has no impact on it.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click Simulate -> Halt Simulation >> Click Simulate -> Simulation Mode
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Now, turn '''off''' the '''simulation mode'''.

For that, click '''Simulate''' and then on '''Halt Simulation.'''

Then click '''Simulate''' and '''Simulation Mode.'''

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Now let us '''compile''' the '''logic'''.

The detailed steps on how to '''compile''' and save the '''logic''' are explained in the earlier tutorials. 

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click on Settings >> Click on Microcontroller >> Select AVR ATmega16 40-PDIP 

Click on Settings >> Click on MCU parameters >> Change Crystal frequency to 16
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click on '''Settings''' and select the '''microcontroller AVR ATmega16 40-PDIP.''' 

Adjust its '''parameters''' as shown here.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double-click on XON in I/O list >> Select PC0 >> Click OK button

Double-click on YLED in I/O list >> Select PA0 >> Click OK button
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Assign '''pin PC0''' to '''XON''' and '''PA0''' to '''YLED'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click on Compile >> Click on Compile >> Go to Desktop/LDmicro folder >> Rename it as ‘setonlycoil.hex’ >> Click on Save.

Click OK button
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''Compile''' the '''logic''' as '''‘setonlycoil.hex’'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click on File >> Click on Save >> Go to Desktop/LDmicro folder >> Rename it as ‘setonlycoil.ld’ >> Click on Save
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Then save the '''ladder diagram''' as '''‘setonlycoil.ld’'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Now we will see the working of this '''logic''' on hardware.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Connect Mainboard to PC using USBasp

laptop-usbasp.jpg

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Connect the '''Mainboard''' to your laptop using '''USBasp'''.

Turn '''on''' the '''power supply'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Open terminal >> Type cd Desktop/LDmicro >> Press ENTER >> type ‘'''avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:setonlycoil.hex’ '''>> Press ENTER
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Open the '''Terminal''' by pressing '''CTRL+ALT+T''' keys simultaneously.

Go to the folder where you have saved the '''hex file'''.

Type the '''command''' as shown to upload the '''hex file''' to the '''Mainboard'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Remove the '''USBasp''' connection from the laptop.
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Turn '''off''' the '''power supply'''.

Remove the '''USBasp''' connection from the laptop.

This will prevent any hardware damage.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| setonlycoil.png
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us see the connection details now. 

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| setonlycoil.png



| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Connect '''GND pin''' of the red '''LED''' of '''Traffic Light module''' to '''GND''' of the '''Mainboard'''.

Then connect the '''+5V pin''' of the red '''LED''' to the '''PA0 pin''' of the '''Mainboard'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| setonlycoil.png



| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Connect '''GND''' and '''5V''' of '''Switchboard''' to '''GND''' and '''5V''' of the '''Mainboard''' respectively.

Then connect '''NO1''' of the '''Switchboard''' to '''PC0''' of the '''Mainboard'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|Turn on the power
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| After making all the connections properly, turn '''on''' the '''power supply'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the output
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| The red '''LED''' starts glowing when the '''NO1''' is pressed.

It will be still glowing even after the '''switch''' is released.

Recall, this was not the case with '''Normal Coil '''which we learnt earlier.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Only narration
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| That is once the '''LED''' is '''set''', it will remain '''set''' irrespective of the input state.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Turn off the power
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Turn '''off''' the '''power supply'''.

Remove the connections made for this example.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 5: How to turn '''off''' the '''LED''' 

* By turning '''off''' the '''power supply'''
* By resetting the program in the '''microcontroller'''
* By using a '''RESET-only coil'''


| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| There are three ways to turn '''off''' the '''LED''' which is '''set'''.

First one is turning '''off''' the '''power supply'''.

Second, is to '''reset''' the program in the '''microcontroller''' using the '''Reset''' button.

And the third is with the help of a '''RESET-only Coil'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Now, we’ll see how that third option works.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Open LDmicro
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Switch back to '''LDmicro'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Instead of creating a new file, we will make changes in the previous file itself.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click Instructions -> Insert Contact >> Place the cursor to the right of the contact >> Click ‘Instructions -> Insert Coil
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Insert a '''rung''' below.

Add a '''Contact''' and a '''Coil''' in the newly added '''rung''' as shown.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double-click on Xnew >> Type ON in name box >> Click OK button
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Rename the '''Contact''' as '''‘OFF’.'''

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double-click on Ynew >> Type LED in name box >> Select ‘RESET-only’ option >> Click OK button
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double click on the newly added '''Coil'''.

In the '''Type''' column select''' ‘RESET-only’ Coil''' option.

Then rename it as '''‘LED’'''.

Click the '''OK''' button.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Highlight ‘YLED’ in the I/O list
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Observe in the '''I/O list''' that both the '''Coils''' represent the same '''Coil'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We will now check the working of this logic.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click ‘Simulate -> Simulation mode’ >>

Click ‘Simulate -> Real-time simulation’
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Start '''real-time simulation''' as shown.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Highlight the state of XON and YLED
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Observe the state of the '''Contacts''' and '''Coils''' in the '''I/O list'''.

Initially the state of '''XON''', '''XOFF''' and '''YLED''' are 0.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double-click on ‘XON’ >> Highlight the state of the ‘YLED’ >> Double-click on ‘XON’ 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Change the state of the '''Contact XON''' to 1.

We can observe the state of '''YLED''' is now '''set''' to 1.

Change the state of '''XON''' back to 0.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double-click on ‘XOFF’ >> Highlight the state of the ‘YLED’ >> Double-click on ‘XOFF’ 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Now, change the state of '''XOFF''' to 1.

We can observe the state of '''YLED''' changes to 0.

Change the state of '''‘XOFF’''' back to 0.

It doesn’t have any effect on the state of the '''‘YLED’'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Highlight the state of the ‘YLED’ 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| So, we can conclude that '''RESET-only coil''' resets to 0 upon 0 to 1 transition.

1 to 0 transition doesn’t have any effect on it.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click Simulate -> Halt Simulation >> Click Simulate -> Simulation Mode
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Turn '''off''' the '''simulation mode'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us now '''compile''' the '''logic'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Highlight status bar at the bottom of the screen
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We can see that the '''microcontroller''' and its '''parameters''' are already '''set'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Double-click on XOFF in I/O list >> Select PC1 >> Click OK button
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Assign '''pin PC1''' to '''XOFF''' as shown.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click on Compile >> Click on Compile As >> Go to Desktop/LDmicro folder >> Rename it as ‘resetonlycoil.hex’ >> Click on Save.

Click OK button
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''Compile''' the '''logic''' as '''‘resetonlycoil.hex’ '''using the''' ‘Compile As’ '''option.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Click on File >> Click on Save As >> Go to Desktop/LDmicro folder >> Rename it as ‘resetonlycoil.ld’ >> Click on Save
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Then save the '''ladder diagram''' as '''‘resetonlycoil.ld’''' using the '''‘Save As’ '''option.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Now we will see the working of this '''logic''' on hardware.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Connect Mainboard to PC using USBasp

laptop-usbasp.jpg

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Connect the '''Mainboard''' to your laptop using '''USBasp'''.

Turn '''on''' the '''power supply'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Open terminal >> Type cd Desktop/LDmicro >> Press ENTER >> type ‘'''avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:resetonlycoil.hex’ '''>> Press ENTER
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Switch back to the '''terminal'''.

Go to the folder where you have saved the '''hex file'''.

Type the '''command''' as shown to upload the '''hex file''' to the '''Mainboard'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Remove the '''USBasp''' connection from the laptop.
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Turn '''off''' the '''power supply'''.

Remove the '''USBasp''' connection from the laptop.

This will prevent any hardware damage.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| resetonlycoil.png
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us see the connection details now. 

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| resetonlycoil.png
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Make the connections as in the '''SET-only Coil '''example.

Additionally, connect '''pin PC1''' to '''NO2''' of the '''Switchboard'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Turn on the power
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| After making all the connections properly, turn '''on''' the '''power supply'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the output
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| The red '''LED''' starts glowing when the '''NO1''' is pressed.

To turn '''off''' the '''LED''' we have to press the '''switch NO2'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| This shows that '''SET-only''' and '''RESET-only Coils''' come in pairs.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Turn off the power
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Turn '''off''' the '''power supply'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| 
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

Let us summarize.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 8: Summary

* SET-only coil
* RESET-only coil


| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| In this tutorial, we learnt about working of 

* '''SET-only Coil''' and 
* '''RESET-only Coil'''
|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide : Assignment

Implement reset-dominant SR flip-flop.
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| As an assignment, implement '''reset-dominant SR flip-flop'''.

Refer to the given '''truth table'''.

That is, if both the '''Set''' and '''Reset conditions''' are 1, the output should '''reset'''.

Here '''‘Memory’''' means output of the previous '''PLC scan cycle''' is retained.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 9: About Spoken Tutorial project
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| The video at the following link summarises the Spoken Tutorial project.

Please download and watch it

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 10:

Spoken Tutorial workshops
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| The''' Spoken Tutorial Project''' team:

* conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and
* gives certificates on passing online tests.

For more details, please write to us

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 11:

Forum for specific questions:
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Please post your timed queries in this forum.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 12:

Forum for specific questions:
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Do you have any general / technical questions on OpenPLC?

Please visit the FOSSEE forum and post your question.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 13:

Acknowledgement
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by MHRD, Government of India.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide 14:

Thank you slide
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| This tutorial has been contributed by FOSSEE and Spoken Tutorial Project, IIT Bombay.

And this is Harsha Priyanka from FOSSEE team, signing off.

Thanks for watching.

|}