View source for Marble/C2/Globe---A-true-model-of-Earth/English-timed

{| border=1
| <center>'''Time'''</center>
| <center>'''Narration'''</center>
|- 
||00:01
|| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Globe A true model of the Earth'''.
|- 
|| 00:07
|| In this tutorial we will learn about,

|- 
|| 00:11
|| '''Behaim''' globe and historical map 

|- 
|| 00:15
|| Continents and oceans 

|- 
|| 00:18
|| Significance of latitudes and longitudes 

|- 
|| 00:22
||How to change the colour of latitudes and longitudes 

|- 
|| 00:27
|| Grid and coordinates 
|- 
||00:30
|| To record this tutorial, I am using; 

'''Ubuntu Linux''' OS version 16.04 

|- 
|| 00:38
|| '''Marble '''version 1.12.20

|- 
|| 00:43
|| The process demonstrated in this tutorial is identical in

'''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version 18.04 

|- 
|| 00:52
|| '''Marble''' version 2.2.20 
|- 
|| 00:56
|| To practise this tutorial, learner should be familiar with '''Marble''' interface. 

|- 
|| 01:02
|| For the prerequisite '''Marble '''tutorials, please visit this site. 
|- 
|| 01:08
|| On the '''Marble''' interface, the topographical map of Earth is the '''Virtual''' globe. 
|- 
|| 01:15
|| Let us learn about what is a globe.

|- 
|| 01:18
||  The word globe comes from the Latin word '''globus,''' meaning sphere. 

|- 
|| 01:24
||  The earliest terrestrial globe was made by '''Martin Behaim''' in 1492. 
|- 
|| 01:31
|| Let us go to '''Map View''' and select''' Behaim Globe 1492.''' 

|- 
|| 01:39
|| This is the oldest model of Earth in the form of a sphere. 
|- 
|| 01:45
|| To see more features of this globe, let us select '''Legend '''panel. 
|- 
|| 01:50
|| Scroll down the '''Legend '''panel to see '''Places (in German).''' 
|- 
|| 01:56
|| Select '''Behaim Places '''checkbox. 

|- 
|| 02:00
|| This shows the places depicted by '''Behaim''' in 1492. 
|- 
|| 02:06
|| Select '''Texts and Illustrations''' checkbox. 

|- 
|| 02:10
|| In this globe, inscriptions are shown in German. 
|- 
||02:14
|| In this globe, there is no clear demarcation between continents and coastlines. 
|- 
||02:20
|| This globe was made by '''Behaim''' and his collaborators to discover the '''West'''. 

|- 
|| 02:26
|| For that reason '''America '''is not shown on this globe. 
|- 
||02:32
|| An assignment for you.
 
|- 
|| 02:35
|| Explore the expanded versions of ''' Behaim globe'''.

Hint: Use the '''legend''' panel.
|- 
|| 02:43
|| Let us go to '''Map View''' and select '''Historical Map 1689.''' 
|- 
||02:50
|| In this globe we can see,

The continents, Latitudes and Longitudes
|- 
||03:00
|| Let us go back to our default view. 

|- 
|| 03:04
|| We can see that land area is represented by light green and yellow colors. 

|- 
|| 03:11
|| Water is represented by blue colour. 
|- 
|| 03:15
|| Click on the dropdown button, next to '''Globe View.''' 

And select '''Flat View''' option. 

|- 
|| 03:23
|| Now we can see all the continents and oceans in the same plane. 
|- 
||03:29
|| Observe that the land of earth is divided into seven continents. 

|- 
|| 03:34
|| Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Australia and Antarctica. 
|- 
||03:46
|| Global Ocean is the interconnected system of water bodies. 

|- 
|| 03:51
|| For convenience  water bodies have been grouped into oceans like 

Pacific Ocean

|- 
|| 03:59
|| Indian Ocean

|- 
|| 04:01
|| Southern Ocean and Atlantic Ocean 

|- 
||04:07
|| Now we open the '''Place information data sheet''' of Indian ocean. 
|- 
||04:13
|| I will scroll down to show the information.  

|- 
|| 04:18
|| Click on the '''Close''' button to close this '''sheet'''. 
|-
||04:22
||Let us go back to the default view.
|- 
|| 04:25
|| Let us go to '''MapView''' and select '''Political Map'''. 
|- 
|| 04:30
|| We will hide the panels for better view of the globe. 
|- 
|| 04:35
|| Go to the ''' Settings'''  menu and select '''Panels'''. 

|- 
|| 04:41
|| In the sub-menu, select '''Hide All Panels'''. 
|- 
||04:45
|| Political map shows boundaries of countries and location of major cities. 
|- 
|| 04:53
|| We will go to '''Asia''' and see the main countries of Asia. 

|- 
|| 04:59
|| Let us zoom in to see the countries  Russia, China, India,

|- 
|| 05:09
||  Mongolia,  and others. 
|- 
|| 05:16
|| Similarly we can find the other countries from each continent. 
|- 
|| 05:22
|| Let us go back to the default view. 
|- 
|| 05:25
|| Go to '''Settings''' menu and select '''Panels.'''

|- 
|| 05:30
|| Select''' Show All Panels'''. 
|- 
|| 05:35
|| Then click on '''Atlas View'''. 
|- 
||05:38
|| Notice a red dot on the top of the globe. It is the '''North pole.''' 
|- 
|| 05:46
|| Let us rotate the globe downward to see the another red dot. 

|- 
|| 05:51
|| It is the '''South pole'''. 

|- 
|| 05:54
|| Rotate the globe to its default view. 
|- 
|| 05:58
||The yellow horizontal line running around the globe is the '''Equator'''. 

|- 
|| 06:03
|| It divides the earth into two equal parts. 
|- 
|| 06:08
||Here we see some lines parallel to the '''Equator'''. 
|- 
||06:13
||Since these lines are parallel to the'''Equator''', they are called parallels of latitudes.
|- 
|| 06:20
|| Notice that some lines are connected from the '''North Pole''' to the '''South Pole'''. 

|- 
|| 06:26
|| These lines are '''Meridians''' of longitudes.
|- 
|| 06:32
|| '''Prime Meridian''' is the main '''Meridian''' of longitude. 

|- 
|| 06:36
|| It is an imaginary line that divides the earth vertically into two equal halves. 
|- 
||06:43
|| More information about latitudes and longitudes is available in the '''Additional material''' link. 
|- 
||06:52
|| Let us now change the color of latitudes and longitudes for better visibility. 
|- 
|| 06:58
|| Go to the '''Settings''' menu and select '''Configure Marble Virtual Globe ''' option. 
|- 
|| 07:05
|| '''Configure '''window opens. 
|- 
|| 07:08
|| From the left panel, select '''Plugins''' option. 

'''Plugins''' menu opens. 
|- 
|| 07:15
|| In the menu, click on the '''Configure''' button corresponding to '''Coordinate Grid''' check-box. 

|- 
|| 07:22
|| '''Coordinate Grid Plugin '''dialog box opens. 
|- 
|| 07:26
|| Here we can change the colors of '''Grid, Tropics '''and '''Equator'''.

Click on the '''Grid '''button. 
|- 
|| 07:36
|| Color dialog box appears on the screen. 

|- 
|| 07:40
|| In the box, I will select dark brown color. 

|- 
|| 07:45
|| Click on the '''OK''' button in the color box. 
|- 
|| 07:49
|| Next click on the '''Tropics '''button. 

|- 
|| 07:53
|| Colour box appears again on the screen. 

|- 
|| 07:57
|| I will select red color and click '''OK''' button. 
|- 
||08:03
|| Similarly I will change the colour of '''Equator '''to black. 
|- 
|| 08:08
|| Click on the '''OK '''button in the '''Coordinate Grid plug in''' dialog box.
|- 
|| 08:13
|| Click on the '''OK''' button in the '''Configure '''window. 
|- 
||08:17
||Observe the change in the colors of '''Grid, Tropics '''and '''Equator'''. 
|- 
||08:24
||For convenience, most of the globes show only a few longitudes and latitudes. 

|- 
|| 08:31
|| But the actual globe has a parallel system of longitudes and latitudes.
|- 
|| 08:38
|| Go to '''Settings''' menu and select '''Configure Marble Virtual Globe''' option. 

|- 
|| 08:45
|| '''Configure''' window opens. 

|- 
|| 08:48
|| Select '''View''' option from the left panel.

|- 
|| 08:52
|| In the menu, under '''Units,''' click on  '''Angle''' drop down. 

|- 
|| 08:58
|| Select '''Universal Transverse Mercator'''. 
|- 
|| 09:02
|| Click on '''Apply''' button  then click on  '''OK '''button. 
|- 
||09:09
|| Observe that longitudes and latitudes form a crisscross network across the globe. 

|- 
|| 09:17
|| It is called as '''Geographic Grid.''' 
|- 
|| 09:21
|| The intersection point of a latitude and a longitude is its coordinate. 
|- 
||  09:27
|| Let us go back to the default view. 

|- 
|| 09:30
|| Go to '''Settings''' menu and select '''Configure Marble Virtual Globe''' option.
|- 
|| 09:37
|| '''Configure''' window opens.

|- 
|| 09:40
|| In the '''View '''menu, under '''Units,''' click on '''Angle '''drop down and select '''Degree DMS.''' 

|- 
|| 09:49
||Click on  '''Apply''' button.

|- 
|| 09:52
|| Click on the '''OK''' button to close the dialog box. 
|- 
|| 09:56
|| Let us go back to our home location, Mumbai. 

|- 
|| 10:00
|| We will find the coordinates of Mumbai on the globe. 

|- 
|| 10:06
|| Place the cursor on Mumbai. 
 
|- 
|| 10:08
|| Longitude and latitude are shown on the '''status bar'''. 

|- 
|| 10:14
||Let us summarize. 
|- 
|| 10:16
|| In this tutorial we have learnt about,

|- 
|| 10:20
|| '''Behaim''' globe and historical map 

|- 
|| 10:23
||Continents and oceans 

|- 
|| 10:26
||Significance of latitudes and longitudes 

|- 
|| 10:31
||  How to change the colour of latitudes and longitudes 

|- 
|| 10:35
||  Grid and coordinates 

|- 
||10:38
||An assignment for you, 

Find the continents through which the '''Equator''' passes and 

|- 
|| 10:45
|| Find the Indian states through which the '''Tropic of Cancer''' passes. 

|- 
||10:51
|| The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. 

Please download and watch it. 
|- 
|| 10:59
|| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project '''team conducts workshops and gives certificates. 

For more details, please write to us. 
|- 
|| 11:09
|| Please post your timed queries in this forum. 
|- 
|| 11:13
|| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by MHRD,Government of India. 

|- 
|| 11:19
|| This is Viji Nair from IIT Bombay signing off. 

Thank you for watching. 
|- 
|}