View source for LibreOffice-Suite-Math/C2/Markup-Language-for-writing-formula-Formula-Formatting/English

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!Visual Cues
!Narration
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|Show Slide Number 1 
Spoken tutorial on LibreOffice Math

Learning Objectives

* Mark up language for writing formula	

* Formula formatting: Fonts, Alignment, and Spacing
|Welcome to the Spoken tutorial on LibreOffice Math.

In this tutorial, we will cover  the following topics:

* Mark up language for writing formula and

* Formula formatting: Fonts, Alignment, and Spacing
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|In LibreOffice Writer, click on the Insert menu on the top > Object >Formula.

Click on Windows Start> All Programs > Point on LibreOffice Suite. Do not click.
|In the last tutorial, we introduced the mark up language for Math. 

Now let us learn more about Mark up language.

Let us first open a Writer document and then call the Math application inside Writer.

If Writer is already open, then click on the Insert menu at the top and then click on Object and  choose Formula.

If Writer is not  open, we can invoke it from the Windows Start menu.
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|Point mouse over Elements window. If not visible, click View>Elements.

Point mouse over formula Editor

In Formula Editor Window (FEW in short), type ‘4 times 3’

In FEW, highlight the ‘4 times 3’ and overwrite on it with ‘newline’

In FEW, type ‘Some more example formulae: newline’. Press enter key.

In FEW, type: ‘1. x ≥ y newline’ 

Point mouse on the last formula in the Writer gray box area

In FEW, type: ‘2. a ^ 10 newline’

Point mouse on the last formula in the Writer gray box area

In FEW, type: ‘3. sqrt {16}= 4 newline‘

Point mouse on the last formula in the Writer gray box area.

In FEW, type: ‘4. sum a_n newline‘
Point mouse on the last formula in the Writer gray box area.

In FEW, type: ‘5. int f(x) dx newline’

Point mouse on the last formula in the Writer gray box area.
|Using the Elements window. is a very easy method of writing a formula.

But directly writing the mark up language in the Formula Editor is a faster way of writing a formula

because markup language for a formula resembles the way we would read the formula in English.

For example, to write ‘4 into 3’, , we just need to type in the Formula Editor window
‘4 times 3’

Before we go to the next example, let us insert a blank line here.

Simply type the markup ‘newline’ and notice that a new line is inserted in the Writer gray box area.

Let us type ‘Some more example formulae: newline’. 

For readability we will press the Enter key once.

And write ‘x greater than equal to y’. Here we will also number the formulae.

So let us type ‘1. x greater than equal to y new line’. Press enter

Notice the Writer gray box has refreshed and the contents are centered.

Next let us write: ‘a to the power of 2’. 

And the markup is: ‘2. 'a' arrow pointing upward 10’  new line’ and press Enter

Notice the mathematical symbol in the Writer gray box.

Now let us write ‘square root of 16 = 4’

Type ‘3. sqrt   ‘16’ within curly brackets equals 4 new line’. Press Enter

Notice this formula in the Writer gray box.

Alright, now let us write a summation symbol for ‘a suffix n’, to denote a1 + a2 + a3 so on + ‘an’.

And the markup is:, ‘4. sum a underscore n  new line’. Press Enter.

Now let us try an integral with a function. To write Integral f x d x, the markup is,

‘5. int fx dx newline’. 

And notice the integral symbol in the Writer area.
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|Click  File > Save.

Type MathExample1 for filename.

Remember the location where you are saving.
|Let us save our work now.  Go to File menu at the top, click on Save.

Name the document as MathExample1.
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|Point mouse on the formulae in the Writer gray box area

Click on Format menu and choose Alignment.

In the popup, choose Left.

Click Ok button.

Point mouse on the formulae in the Writer gray box area

Click Format>Fonts

Point mouse in the left half of popup window

Click Modify button, choose Variables

Choose Arial Black in the list box and click on the ok button.

Click on the ok button.

Point mouse on the font changes in the formulae in the Writer gray box area
|Now let us learn how to format the formulae we wrote .

Notice that they are all centered and don’t have lot of space in between them.

We can use the Format menu at the top for making various format changes.

Let us first align all the formulae to the left. 

For this, let us click on Format menu and choose Alignment.

In the new window, choose the Left option. And click on the Ok button.

Notice that the formulae are left aligned now.

We can change the font style by choosing ‘Fonts’ under the Format menu.

Notice the various categories here: 

We can set one type of font for variables, another type for functions, another for numbers and text.

To modify the font style, click on the Modify button and choose the category Variables.

Let us choose Arial Black in the list box and click on the Ok button.

And let us save the font, by clicking on the Ok button here.

Now notice the font changes in the Writer gray box.
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|Click Format > Font Size

In the popup, click on up arrow until it says 18pt against Base size.

Point mouse over the dropdowns below.

Point mouse over Default button. Do not click.

Click Ok button.

Point mouse on the font changes in the formulae in the Writer gray box area
|To increase the font size of the formulae, go to Format menu and click on Font Size  .

Let us increase the Base size to ‘18 point’. Click on OK.

We can change the relative sizes of other categories such as the text or indexes or operators.

We can also use the Default button to undo all the font size changes we made.

Notice the font size changes in the formulae.
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|Click Format > Spacing

In the popup, change all the left three to 20 %

Click on each text box on the left and point mouse over the centre image

Click once on Category button. 

Click again on Category button and point mouse over Default.

Click on Ok button

Point mouse on the formulae in the Writer gray box area
|Next, let us make changes to the spacing of the formulae.    Click on Format menu and choose Spacing.

Let us change the spacing, line spacing and root spacing each to 20 percent.

As we click on each spacing type, the image in the centre shows the location of the spacing type.

Again we can choose spacing types from the various categories To do this, let us click on the Category button

Or use the Default button to undo our changes.
	
Let us click on the Ok button now.

And notice the spacing changes in the Writer gray box.
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|In the Elements window (Use View > Elements if not visible)

Click on last icon Formats category in the second row from the top. Show tool tip

Mouse over as narration goes forward

In Format Editor(FEW), click after ‘5.’ 

In Elements window, click on Long gap icon

In FEW, Point mouse over the new character next to 5. 
Point mouse on fifth formula in the Writer gray box area
|More formatting is available in the Elements window.

Let us bring up the Elements window from the View menu.

Here, let us click on the last icon in the second row of categories.

The tooltip here says ‘Formats’.

Here, we can choose placements of subscripts and superscripts, alignments, matrix, new lines and gaps.

Let us introduce a long gap in the fifth example, after the number 5 .Click after ‘5.’

Then from the Elements window click on Formats> Long Gap 

The mark up for long gap is the ‘tilde’ character. And for a short gap, it is ‘Tiray’ character.

Notice the new gap after the number 5.

So these are the ways we can format our formulae. Feel free to explore all the formatting options which Math provides.
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|Show Slide Number 2
Assignment:
In the Writer, write the following formulae using Mark up. (Also use Elements window if necessary) (I split this into two slides)
1. Summation of x to the power of 2

2. sin to the power of x plus cos to the power of x = 1 (use the Functions category in the Elements window)

3. Summation from 1 to n of x. (use the Operators category to set the limits for summation)

4. Change font to Arial and  size to 18 point.

5. Provide more spacing between the symbols.
|Okay, here is an assignment for you:

In the Writer window, write the following formulae using Mark up. 

Use Elements window if necessary

1. Summation of x to the power of 2

2. Sin to the power of x plus cos to the power of x = 1 (use the Functions category in the Elements window)

Continued from the previous slide
Write Summation from 1 to n of x. (use the Operators category to set the limits for summation)

Change font to Arial and size to 18 point

And Provide more spacing between the symbols.
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|Show Slide Number 3

Summary:

Mark up language for writing formula	

Formula formatting: Fonts, Alignment, and Spacing
|This brings us to the end of this tutorial on Mark up Language and Formula Formatting in LibreOffice Math

To summarize, we learned the following topics:

Mark up language for writing formula and

Formula formatting: Fonts, Alignment, and Spacing
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|Acknowledgement Slide
|Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project, supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. This project is co-ordinated by http://spoken-tutorial.org. More information on the same is available at the following link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro. This script has been contributed by Priya Suresh, DesiCrew Solutions, signing off. Thanks for joining.
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