View source for DWSIM/C2/Rigorous-Distillation/English

{|border=1
||'''Visual Cue'''
||'''Narration'''
|- 
|| '''Slide Number 1'''

'''Title Slide'''
|| Welcome to this tutorial on '''Simulating a Rigorous Distillation column''' in '''DWSIM.''' 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 2'''

'''Learning Objectives'''
|| In this tutorial, we will learn to:
* Simulate a '''Rigorous Distillation''' column
* Specify column '''Pressure Profile'''
* Specify '''Tray Efficiencies'''
* Check desired product compositions and
* View the '''Column profiles''' 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 3'''

'''System Requirements'''
|| This tutorial is recorded using
* '''DWSIM 5. 8 (Classic UI)''' '''Update 3''' and 
* '''Windows 10''' '''OS'''.

But, this process is identical in '''Linux, Mac OS X '''or '''FOSSEE OS on ARM'''.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 4'''

'''Prerequisites'''
|| To practise this tutorial, you should know to-
* Add components to a '''flowsheet'''
* Select '''thermodynamic''' packages
* Add '''material''' and '''energy streams''' and specify their properties.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 5'''

'''Prerequisite Tutorials and Files'''

'''https:\\spoken-tutorial.org'''
|| The prerequisite tutorials are available on this website.

You can access these tutorials and all the associated files from this site.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 6'''

'''Code Files'''
|| '''shortcut-end''' file used in the tutorial is provided as a '''Code file''' on this tutorial page.

Download the files from '''Code Files''' link.
|-
|| Switch to '''DWSIM'''.
|| I have already opened '''DWSIM''' on my machine. 
|-
|| Show '''DWSIM''' window


'''File >> Save As >> rigorous'''
|| I have opened the file '''shortcut-end.dwxmz.'''

Let me save this as '''rigorous.''' 

We can see that the file name has changed now to '''rigorous.''' 
|-
|| Click on the '''Settings''' button
|| Click on the '''Settings''' button on the toolbar.
|-
|| Click on '''Systems of Units '''tab.
|| Click on '''Systems of Units '''tab.
|-
|| '''Pressure → atm'''


Press '''Enter'''.
|| Locate '''Pressure''' menu on the right hand column. 

Click and choose '''atm''' for atmosphere. 

Press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| '''Delta_P''' → '''atm'''

Press '''Enter'''.
|| Similarly, change the units of '''Delta_P''' to '''atm.''' 

Press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| Close the '''Settings''' window.
|| Close the '''Settings''' window.
|-
|| 
|| Let me switch to the slides. 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 7'''

'''Compounds:''' Benzene & Toluene

'''Thermodynamics''': Raoult’s Law

'''Inlet Stream:'''

Flow Rate: 100 Kmol/h

Pressure: 1 atm

Mole Fractions: 

Benzene = 0.4, Toluene = 0.6

Method: Fenske-Underwood-Gilliland
|| This problem was solved in the spoken tutorial on '''Shortcut Distillation'''. 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 8'''

'''Column Properties '''

Reflux Ratio: 1.4 times minimum reflux ratio. 

'''Product:'''

Light: Benzene, Heavy: Toluene

Distillate: X<sub>D </sub><nowiki>= 0.99</nowiki>

Bottoms: X<sub>B</sub> = 0.01
|| These values form the basis for the '''rigorous distillation''' column problem. 

|-
|| '''Slide Number 9'''

'''Solution'''

Minimum reflux ratio = 1.655 

Minimum number of stages = 11 

Actual number of stages = 20 

Optimal feed location = 9 

Bottoms product rate=60.204 kmol/h
|| This represents the solution of the given problem using '''Shortcut Distillation.'''

We will be using these values shortly. 
|-
|| 
|| Let us begin by replacing the '''Shortcut column''' with a '''Rigorous column'''. 
|-
|| 
|| Let me go back to the '''simulation'''. 
|-
|| '''Shortcut column → Delete'''
|| Right-click on the '''Shortcut column, '''and select '''delete'''. 

Click '''Yes''' in the prompt box.
|-
|| Click on '''Columns''' tab
|| At the bottom of the main '''simulation''' window, go to '''Columns''' tab.
|-
|| Click and drag '''Distillation Column '''to the flowsheet 
|| From the displayed list, drag and drop a '''Distillation Column '''to the '''Flowsheet.'''
|-
|| 
|| Let’s us now arrange it as required.
|-
|| Click on the '''Distillation Column.'''
|| Click on the '''Distillation Column.'''
|-
|| Cursor to the '''Property Editor Window'''
|| On the left, go to the '''Property Editor Window''' of the '''Distillation Column.'''
|-
|| '''Column Specs''' >> '''General'''
|| Now under '''Column Specs''', click on the '''General''' tab.
|-
|| Cursor to '''Number of Stages '''option
|| Locate the '''Number of Stages''' option. 

We have to enter the total number of trays here. 
|-
|| 
|| We got the equilibrium stages to be '''20''' from the '''shortcut method'''. 
|-
|| '''Show slide. '''

'''Highlight 20'''
|| We can see it in the slide. 

Let us go back to '''DWSIM'''. 
|-
|| '''Number of Stages''' >> '''21'''
|| This number should be one more than the equilibrium stages given by '''shortcut method'''. 

So, change the '''Number of Stages''' to '''21''' and press '''Enter.''' 
|-
|| Click the '''Condenser '''tab to show '''total condenser'''.
|| This number includes the '''condenser''' also in '''DWSIM.''' 

So here we will use a '''total condenser'''. 
|-
|| Cursor to '''Solver '''option
|| Now we will select the solution method.
|-
|| '''Solver >> Wang-Henke (Bubble Point)'''
|| Click on the drop-down against '''Solver.'''

Choose the '''Solver''' as '''Wang-Henke (Bubble Point'''), if not already selected.

By default, '''Wang-Henke (Bubble Point''') is already selected as '''Solver.'''
|-
|| 
|| Now we will connect the '''streams''' to the '''Distillation''' column.
|-
|| Point to '''Column Configuration'''
|| Go to '''Column Configuration '''section.
|-
|| '''Connections >> Streams Connections >> Feeds'''
|| Navigate to '''Connections >> Streams Connections >> Feeds'''
|-
||Point to the '''Feed Ports'''

Select '''Column Feed Port #5'''
|| Here we have to specify the '''stream''' which is entered as a '''feed''' to the column. 

Here, we can see the list of '''Feed Ports'''. 

Select any '''port''' where we want the '''feed''' to enter the '''Distillation''' column.

For a better look, we select '''Column Feed Port #5'''. 
|-
|| Click on the down-down against '''Column Feed Port #5.'''
|| Click on the down-down against '''Column Feed Port #5.'''

Select '''Feed''' and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| 
|| In a similar way, we will connect the '''product streams'''.
|-
|| Click on the '''Products''' tab.

|| Now, click on the '''Products''' tab.
|-
|| '''Distillate''' >> '''Distillate'''
|| Select '''Distillate''' as '''Distillate '''and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| '''Bottoms''' >> '''Bottoms.'''
|| Select '''Bottoms''' as '''Bottoms '''and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| 
|| Now we will connect '''heat duties '''to '''reboiler''' and '''condenser'''. 
|-
|| Click on the '''Duties''' tab.
|| Click on the '''Duties''' tab.
|-
|| Select '''Reboiler Duty''' as '''R-Duty.''' 
|| Select '''Reboiler Duty''' as '''R-Duty '''and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| Select '''Condenser''' Duty as '''C-Duty.''' 
|| Select '''Condenser''' Duty as '''C-Duty '''and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| '''Connections''' >> '''Stream-Stage Associations'''
|| Now under '''Connections''', click on '''Stream-Stage Associations''' tab.
|-
|| '''Feed '''>> '''Stage location''' >> '''Stage6.'''

Press '''Enter.'''
|| For '''Feed Port type''', select '''Stage location''' as '''Stage9.'''

Press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| 
|| This is as per the solution we got in the '''Shortcut Distillation''' column. 

We got the '''Optimal Feed Location''' to be''' 9''' from the '''Shortcut''' method'''.'''
|-
|| '''Show slide.'''

Highlight:'''Optimal feed location = 9'''
|| We can see it in the slide. 

Let us go back to '''DWSIM'''. 
|-
|| 
|| This completes the connections.
|-
|| 
|| Now we have to provide the top and bottom specifications.
|-
|| Cursor to '''Column Specs'''
|| Under '''Properties '''tab, locate the section '''Column Specs'''.
|-
|| Click on the '''Condenser''' tab.

Select '''Condenser Type''' as '''Total'''


|| Click on the '''Condenser''' tab.

Select '''Condenser Type''' as '''Total''', if not already selected.

By default, it is '''total condenser'''. 

We will leave it as it is. 
|-
|| '''Condenser Pressure''' >> '''1 atm''' 
|| Change '''Condenser Pressure''' to '''1 atm''' and press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| '''Condenser Pressure drop '''>> '''0'''.
|| Select '''Condenser Pressure drop '''as '''0'''. 

By default, it is '''0.''' 

We will leave it as it is. 
|-
|| '''Specification''' >> '''Reflux Ratio'''
|| Next select the '''Specification''' as '''Reflux Ratio''', if not already selected. 

By default, '''Reflux Ratio''' is already selected as '''Specification.'''
|-
|| '''Reflux Ratio''' >> '''2.317'''
|| Under '''Compound''', we can see a field. 

Here we can enter the value of '''reflux ratio'''.

We will enter the '''Reflux Ratio''' as '''2.317'''.

Press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| Click on '''Reboiler''' tab

'''Reboiler Pressure''' >> '''1.1 atm'''
|| Now click on '''Reboiler '''tab. 

Change '''Reboiler Pressure''' to '''1.1 atm''' and press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| '''Specification''' >> '''Product Molar Flow'''

'''Molar flow rate''' >> '''60.204'''

Highlight '''60.204''' in the slide 
|| Select '''Specification''' as '''Product Molar Flow, '''if not already selected.

Under '''Compound''', change the units to '''kmol/h''' and press '''Enter'''.

Now enter the '''Molar flow rate''' as '''60.204'''. 

Press '''Enter'''.

This is suggested by the '''shortcut '''solution. 

We can see it in the slide. 
|-
|| 
|| Let us go back to DWSIM. 
|-
|| 
|| Now we will also see how to specify the pressure for the intermediate stages.
|-
|| Point to '''Column Configuration''' section
|| Now go to '''Column Configuration''' section.
|-
|| Click on '''Stages''' tab.
|| Click on '''Stages''' tab.
|-
|| Cursor to the '''Condenser''' and '''Reboiler''' value(drag to see Reboiler)

Point to the zero assigned '''Pressure'''

|| It shows the '''condenser''' and '''reboiler pressures '''as '''1 '''and''' 1.1 atmosphere.''' 

New stages that have been added, are assigned zero pressure, which is incorrect. 

We would like the intermediate stage pressures to take the interpolated values. 
|-
||Click on the '''Estimate Stage Pressures by Interpolation'''

Point to the '''Pressure''' values 

Cursor to the '''Efficiency''' column
|| Under '''Column Configuration''' section, go to the extreme left. 

Here we can see 5 different icons.

Hover the mouse to the last icon. 

A popup is displayed as '''Estimate Stage Pressures by Interpolation'''.

Click on the icon.

Immediately, linearly interpolated values are assigned to every stage.

We can also edit the pressure of the individual stages, if they are known. 

We may also change the efficiency in one or more stages.
|-
|| 
|| Now we will run the '''simulation'''.
|-
|| Click on '''Solve Flowsheet''' button
|| Click on '''Solve Flowsheet''' button on the toolbar. 
|-
|| 
|| When the calculations are completed, click on the '''Distillation column'''. 
|-
|| Cursor to the '''Distillation column'''

Cursor to the '''Results'''

'''Condenser Duty = 1130.51 kW'''

'''Reboiler Duty = -1161.91 kW'''
|| Go to the '''Property Editor Window''' of the '''Distillation Column.''' 

Locate the '''Results''' section. 

This shows all the required results like
* '''Condenser Duty '''
* '''Reboiler Duty''' and 
* '''Column Profiles''' 
|-
|| Cursor to '''Column profiles'''
|| Now let us look at the '''Column profiles'''.
|-
|| Click on '''View Temperature, Pressure and Composition Profiles''' button.
|| Click on '''View Temperature, Pressure and Composition Profiles''' button.
|-
|| Point to the '''Column profiles'''

Click on the '''Table''' tab
|| Now we can see a pop-up window. 

Here, we can see the -
* Temperature profiles
* Flows profiles
* Component flows and
* Component fractions

For the exact numbers, click on the '''Table''' tab to the right of the '''Graph''' tab. 
|-
|| Press '''CTRL+S'''
|| Now save this file. 
|-
|| Slides
|| Let us summarize
|-
|| '''Slide Number 10'''

'''Summary'''
|| In this tutorial, we have learnt to:
* Simulate a '''Rigorous Distillation''' column
* Specify column '''Pressure Profile'''
* Specify '''Tray Efficiencies'''
* Check desired product compositions and
* View the '''Column profiles''' 

|-
|| '''Slide Number 11'''

'''Compounds:''' Ethanol & Water

'''Thermodynamics''': Raoult’s Law

'''Inlet Stream:'''

Flow Rate: 100 kmol/h

Pressure: 1 atm

Mole Fractions: 

Ethanol = 0.5, Water = 0.5

|| Take the Assignment from the '''Shortcut Distillation''' column.


Perform the simulation using '''Rigorous Distillation'''. 


Here is the assignment problem statement of the '''Shortcut Column'''.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 12'''

'''Column Properties '''

Reflux Ratio: 1.5 times the minimum reflux ratio. 

'''Product:'''

Light: Ethanol, Heavy: Water

Distillate: X<sub>D </sub><nowiki>= 0.99</nowiki>

Bottoms: X<sub>B</sub> = 0.01
|| 
|-
|| 
|| With this, we have come to the end of this tutorial.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 13'''

'''About the Spoken Tutorial Project''' 


|| Watch the video available at the following link. 

[http://spoken-tutorial.org/ http://spoken-tutorial.org/] 

It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 14'''

'''Spoken Tutorial Workshops''' 

|| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team 
* Conducts workshops and 
* Gives certificates. 
* For more details, please write to us. 

|-
|| '''Slide Number 15'''

'''Forum Slide''' 

Do you have questions in this '''Spoken Tutorial?''' 

Please visit this site 

Choose the minute and second where you have the question. 

Explain your question briefly. 

Someone from the FOSSEE team will answer them. 
|| Please post your time queries in this forum. 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 16'''

'''DWSIM Flowsheeting Project''' 

|| The '''FOSSEE''' team coordinates conversion of existing flowsheets into '''DWSIM'''. 

We give honorarium and certificates for those who do this. 

For more details, please visit this site. 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 17'''


'''Lab Migration Project''' 
|| The '''FOSSEE''' team helps migrate commercial simulator labs to '''DWSIM.''' 

We give honorarium and certificates for those who do this. 

For more details, please visit this site 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 18'''


'''Acknowledgements'''
|| '''Spoken Tutorial''' and '''FOSSEE''' projects are funded by '''NMEICT, MHRD''', Government of India. 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 19'''


'''Thanks'''
|| This tutorial was originally recorded by Prof Kannan Moudgalya in September 2015.

This is Kaushik Datta from IIT Bombay. 

Thanks for joining. 
|-
|}