View source for ChemCollective-Virtual-Labs/C3/Metal-Displacement-Reactions/English-timed

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||'''Time''' 
||''' Narration''' 

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|| 00:01
|| Welcome to this spoken tutorial on '''Metal Displacement Reactions''' using '''Vlabs'''. 

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|| 00:07
|| In this tutorial we will learn to, Carry out displacement reactions of, 

Magnesium, Zinc, Lead, Copper and Silver 

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||00:20
||  Arrange metals in decreasing order of reactivity. 

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||00:24
|| To follow this tutorial you should be familiar with, '''ChemCollective Vlabs''' interface. 

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||00:31
|| If not for relevant tutorials, please visit our website. 

|- 
|| 00:37
|| Here I am using 

Mac OS version 10.10.5 

ChemCollective Vlabs version 2.1.0 

Java version 8. 

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||00:51
|| Here I have opened''' Virtual Chemistry Labs''' application window. 

'''Default lab setup''' window opens. 

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|| 01:01
|| Click on '''File''' menu and select '''Load Homework''' option. 

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||01:06
|| '''Default Lab Setup''' dialog box opens. 

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||01:10
|| Double-Click on '''Redox''' Folder. 

Then double-Click on '''Redox Reaction Series'''. 

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|| 01:18
|| Click on '''Problem Description''' in the '''Stockroom Explorer.''' 

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|| 01:23
|| The problem states that, Perform metal displacement reactions. 

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||01:29
||  Arrange the given metals from strongest to weakest reducing agent. 

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||01:35
|| '''Stockroom Explorer''' is provided with all the required metals and their salt solutions. 

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||  01:43
|| Let us define '''Redox Reactions'''. 

An '''oxidation-reduction (redox)''' reaction, involves transfer of electrons between two species. 

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||01:54
|| '''Oxidation''' is loss of electrons by any species. 

'''Reduction '''is gain of electrons by any species. 

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|| 02:04
|| '''Metal displacement''' reactions are a type of Redox reactions. 

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||02:09
|| In '''metal displacement''' reactions, a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal in a metal salt solution. 

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|| 02:19
|| This slide shows the '''activity series '''of some metals used in '''displacement reactions'''. 
 
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||02:27 
|| Here is an example of metal''' displacement reaction.''' 

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||02:32
|| '''Silver''' ions in '''silver nitrate''' can be replaced by '''copper''' to form '''copper nitrate'''. 

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||02:39
|| Elemental '''silver''' is precipitated in the reaction. 

'''Silver''' has lower '''oxidation potential''' than copper. It cannot replace '''copper''' from '''copper nitrate.''' 

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|| 02:54
|| Switch to application window 

Click on '''Workbench1'''. 

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||03:00
|| Right-click on the '''workbench''' tab to rename. 

Type name as '''Magnesium-rxn''' (Magnesium reaction). 

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|| 03:08
|| Let us now demonstrate the reactivity of '''Magnesium''' metal. 

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||03:13
|| From the '''Stockroom Explorer,''' click on '''Solids''' cabinet, double-click on ''' Magnesium'''. 

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||03:21
|| Click on '''Solutions''' cabinet, double-click on, 

'''0.1 M Copper nitrate''' 

'''0.1 M Zinc Nitrate''' 

'''0.1 M Lead Nitrate''' 

'''0.2 M Silver Nitrate'''. 

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||03:37
|| Close the '''cabinets'''. 

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|| 03:40
|| Click on '''Glassware''' menu, and select '''250 mL Erlenmeyer flask''' 

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||03:46
|| We need 4 flasks for this experiment. 

Make duplicates of the '''Erlenmeyer flask'''. 

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|| 03:55
|| Rename the flasks with corresponding metal symbols, '''Zinc, Lead , Silver''' and '''Copper'''. 

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||04:06
|| Arrange the apparatus and chemicals. 

Click on any one of the bottles containing solution. 

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||04:14
|| The '''Solution Info panel''' shows the bottle contains 50 ml of solution. 

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|| 04:21
|| Pour the contents of the bottles into respective flasks using '''Precise transfer''' mode. 

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||04:28
|| Type 50 in the '''Transfer amount input bar'''. 

Click on '''Pour'''. 

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||04:35
|| Similarly transfer contents of the bottles into flasks. 

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|| 04:44
|| Keep the empty bottles aside. 

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|| 04:48
|| Click on each '''Erlenmeyer flask''' and note the concentration of the metal ions. 

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|| 04:57
|| Pour 1 gram of solid '''Magnesium''' metal in each flask using '''Precise transfer''' mode. 

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|| 05:11
|| Click on the flask containing '''copper nitrate''' . 

Observe that green color of the solution has disappeared. 

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||05:20
|| Temperature increases on addition, then decreases. 

The reaction is '''Exothermic'''. 

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||05:28
|| In the '''Solution Info Panel''', concentration of '''copper ions''' is zero. 

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||05:34
|| '''Magnesium''' ions are observed in the solution. 

This means that '''Magnesium''' has displaced '''copper ions''' from the solution. 

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|| 05:44
|| Click on '''Solid''' radio button. 

Observe that metallic '''copper''' is now deposited in the solution. 

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||05:52
|| This is because '''Magnesium''' has higher '''oxidation potential ''' than '''copper'''. 

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|| 05:58
|| Click on the flask containing '''Zinc nitrate'''. 

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||06:02
|| Click on '''Aqueous''' radio button on the '''Solution Info Panel'''. 

Concentration of '''Zinc''' ions is zero. 

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||06:11
|| '''Magnesium''' ions are now observed. 

Click on '''Solid''' radio button. 

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||06:18
|| Observe that '''Zinc''' is now found in the solution. 

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||06:22
|| '''Magnesium''' has replaced '''Zinc''' ions from its solution. 

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||06:27
|| Click on the flask containing '''lead nitrate'''. 

Observe '''Solution Info panel'''. 

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||06:35
|| '''Magnesium''' has replaced '''Lead''' ions from its solution. 

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||06:45
|| Click on the flask containing '''silver nitrate'''. 

Observe '''Solution Info panel'''. 

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||06:51
|| '''Magnesium''' has replaced '''Silver''' ions from its solution. 

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||06:59
||Now let us  demonstrate the activity of '''Zinc'''. 

Click on '''File''' menu and select '''New Workbench'''. 

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||07:08
|| Rename the workbench as '''Zinc-reaction'''. 

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|| 07:12
|| From '''Solids '''cabinet select '''Zinc'''. 

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||07:16
|| Click on '''Solutions cabinet''' and select 

'''0.1 M Copper Nitrate''' 

'''0.1 M Magnesium Nitrate''' 

'''0.1 M Lead Nitrate''' 

'''0.2 M Silver Nitrate''' 

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||07:30
|| Close the '''cabinets'''. 

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||  07:33
|| As we did in the previous experiment, take 4 '''Erlenmeyer flasks'''. 

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||07:39
|| Rename the flasks with corresponding metal symbols '''Magnesium, Lead, Copper''' and '''Silver'''. 

Arrange the apparatus. 

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||07:53
|| Pour the contents of the bottles into the respective flasks. 

Type 50 in the '''Transfer amount input bar'''. 

Click on '''Pour'''. 

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|| 08:12
|| Pour 1 g of solid '''Zinc''' metal in each flask. 

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||08:17
|| Type 1 in the '''Transfer amount input bar'''. 

Click on '''Pour'''. 

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|| 08:29
|| Click on the flask containing '''copper nitrate'''. 

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||08:33
|| Observe that '''Copper''' is displaced by '''Zinc'''. 
 
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||08:38
|| Click on the flask containing '''Magnesium nitrate.''' 

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||08:42
|| '''Zinc '''cannot replace '''Magnesium''' from the solution. 

Because '''Zinc''' has '''lower oxidation potential''' than '''Magnesium'''. 

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||08:51
|| Hence, there is no reaction and '''Zinc''' remains in the solution. 

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|| 08:57
|| Similarly click on flasks containing '''Lead nitrate''' and '''Silver nitrate'''. 

Observe that '''Zinc''' displaces both '''Lead''' and '''Silver'''. 

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|| 09:10
|| Similarly perform the experiments for '''Lead, Copper''' and '''Silver'''. 

Open a different '''workbench''' for each metal displacement reaction. 

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||09:23
|| Rename the workbenches as '''Lead-reaction, Copper-reaction''' and '''Silver-reaction'''. 

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||09:31
|| Required metals and salt solutions are available in the '''Stockroom Explorer'''. 

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|| 09:38
|| We have performed these experiments.

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||09:47
||  Here are the observations. 

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||09:50
|| We have tabulated the results as shown. 

'''Magnesium ''' has higher '''oxidation potential''' value. 

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||09:58
|| '''Magnesium''' displaces metal ions, '''Zinc, lead, Copper''' and '''silver''' which have lower '''oxidation potentials'''. 

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||10:09
|| '''Silver''' with lowest '''oxidation potential''' cannot displace, 

'''Magnesium, zinc, lead or copper''' ions from solution. 

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||10:19
|| The order of reactivity from strongest to weakest '''reducing agents''' is as follows. 

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|| 10:27
|| Let us summarize 

In this tutorial we have, Determined the order of reactivity for the following metals, 
 
Magnesium, Zinc, Lead, Copper and Silver. 

|- 
|| 10:41
|| As an assignment, Perform displacement reactions using solutions of metal halides. 

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||10:49
||  Establish the order of reactivity of '''halogens'''. 

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||10:53
|| The required chemicals are available in the  '''Stockroom Explorer'''. 

|- 
|| 10:58
|| The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. 

Please download and watch it. 
 
|- 
||11:05
|| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project ''' team, conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and 

gives certificates on passing online tests. 

For more details, please write to us. 

|- 
||11:17 
|| Please post your timed queries in this forum. 

|- 
|| 11:21
|| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India. 

More information on this mission is available at this link. 

|- 
|| 11:32
|| This tutorial is contributed by Snehalatha Kaliappan and Madhuri Ganapathi from IIT-Bombay. Thank you for joining. 

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