View source for Apps-On-Physics/C2/Inclined-Plane/English

{|border=1
|| '''Visual Cue'''
|| '''Narration'''
|-
|| '''Slide Number 1 '''

'''Title Slide'''
|| Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on '''Inclined Plane'''.
 |-
|| '''Slide Number 2 '''

'''Learning objectives'''
|| In this tutorial we will learn to, 

Simulate the motion of a load on an inclined plane.

Resolve the vector components using basic trigonometry.

Calculate the vector components.

|-
|| '''Slide Number 3'''

'''System Requirements'''
|| Here I am using,

*'''Ubuntu Linux''' OS version 16.04
*'''Firefox Web Browser''' version 62.0.3
|-
|| '''Slide Number 4'''

'''Pre-requisites'''

'''https://spoken-tutorial.org'''
|| To follow this tutorial, learner should be familiar with '''Apps on Physics'''.

For the pre-requisites tutorials please visit this site.

|-
|| '''Slide Number 5'''

'''Inclined Plane'''
|| Let us define an inclined plane.
An '''inclined plane''', is a flat supporting surface tilted at an angle.

It has one end higher than the other.

It is used for raising or lowering a load.

Use of an inclined plane provides greater mechanical advantage.

Examples of an inclined plane are ramps, slides, stairs, water slides and others.

|-
|| '''Slide Number 6'''

Link for Apps on physics '''App'''

'''https://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/'''

|| Use the given link to download the''' Apps.'''

'''https://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/'''

|-
|| Point to the file in the downloads folder
|| I have already downloaded '''Apps on Physics '''to my '''Downloads''' folder.

|-
|| '''Slide Number 7'''

'''Apps on Physics'''
||In this tutorial we will use,

'''Inclined Plane App'''.

|-
|| Point to '''html5phen''' folder in the '''Downloads''' folder.
|| After downloading, '''html5phen''' folder appears in the '''Downloads''' folder.
|-
||Double click on '''html5phen''' folder.
||Double click on '''html5phen''' folder.
|-
||Point to '''Apps''' in '''java script''' format and '''htm''' format. 
|| Now double-click on the '''phen '''folder.

In this folder, we see '''Apps''' in '''java script''' and '''htm''' format.
|-
|| Point to the '''htm''' formats '''Apps'''.
|| We will use the '''Apps''' with '''htm file''' format.

|-
|| Point to''' Inclined Plane Apps'''.
|| To open '''Inclined Plane''' press '''Ctrl, F''' keys simultaneously.

In the search bar type '''inclined plane'''.
|-
|| Right click on '''inclinedplane_en.htm''' file.

Select the option '''Open With Firefox web Browser'''.

Cursor on the '''App'''.
|| Right click on '''inclinedplane_en.htm''' file.

Select the option '''Open With Firefox web Browser'''.

'''Inclined Plane App''' opens in the '''browser'''.
|-
|| Cursor on the interface.
|| This is the interface of '''Inclined plane'''.
|-
|| Point to green panel.
|| The green panel shows different parameters that we can change.
|-
|| Point to '''Reset '''and '''Start '''button.
|| '''Reset''' button on the top of the green panel helps to edit values.

The yellow '''Start''' button is a '''toggle button''' for '''Start/Pause''' and '''Resume'''.
|-
|| Point to the '''Slow motion.'''
|| '''Slow motion''' check-box is used to observe the motion steadily.

|-
|| Point to '''Springscale''' and '''Force vectors'''
|| Then we have '''Springscale''' and '''Force vectors''' radio buttons.

By default '''Springscale''' is selected.
|-
|| Click on '''Start''' button.
|| Click on '''Start''' button.
|-
||Point to the block.
||Notice that a load is pulled by the '''springscale'''.
|-
|| Click on the '''Pause''' button.
|| Click on the '''Pause''' button.
|-
|| Click on the radio button of '''Force vectors'''.
|| Now select '''Force vectors radio button'''.
|-
||Point to the arrows.
|| Observe that there are five arrows pointing in different directions.

|-
|| Point to the white box for:

'''Angle of inclination'''

'''Weight''' 

'''Coefficient of friction'''.
|| We can change the values of: 

'''Angle of inclination''', '''Weight''' and '''Coefficient of friction''' in the white colour boxes.
|-
||Highlight the line from the '''App'''.
||Note that these values can be changed within certain limits.
|-
|| Click on '''Reset''' button.
|| Click on '''Reset''' button. 
|-
|| Show the changes when the values changed to 0 and 90 degrees.

Change the '''Angle of inclination''' to 45 degrees and press '''Enter'''.
|| Here we can change the '''Angle of inclination''' from 0 degrees to 90 degrees.

Let’s change the '''Angle of inclination''' to 45 degrees and press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| Click on '''Start'''button.
|| Now click on '''Start''' button.
|-
||Point to the load >> click on '''Pause''' button.
|| When the load reaches the middle of the '''inclined plane '''click on '''Pause''' button.
|-
||Point to the pink vector.
|| Notice that the pink vector shows the force of gravity('''mg''').

It tries to pull the load towards the center of the Earth.
|-
||Point to blue and red vectors.
||The blue and red vectors are the resolution vectors of gravity.
|-
||Point to red vector.
||The red vector is perpendicular to the surface of the '''inclined plane'''.
|-
||Point to blue vector and incline plane.
||The blue vector is parallel to the surface of the '''inclined plane'''.
|-
|| In the incline plane point to each angles.

Sum of the interior angle of a triangle is 180 degrees.
|| If '''theta(θ)''' is 45 degrees, then this angle is 90 degrees.

As it is perpendicular to the surface of the earth.

From the triangle’s geometry this angle would be '''(90-θ)'''.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 8'''

'''Resolution of vectors'''
|| To calculate the magnitude of the forces we need to know '''theta''' value.

Now these two lines are parallel and if we assume that this line is a transversal line.

Then angle '''(90-θ)''' is equal this angle through interior angle property.

Recall that red vector is perpendicular to the inclined plane. 

Here the angle would be 90 degrees.

Let us assume this angle as '''x'''.

So 90 minus '''theta''' plus 90 plus '''x''' equals to 180

Therefore, '''x''' equals to '''theta'''
|-
|| '''Slide Number 9'''

'''Resolution of Vectors'''
|| Using basic trigonometry we can resolve the parallel and perpendicular components.

Consider this right angle triangle. 

Here the blue parallel component is equal to the black line. 

|-
|| '''Slide Number 10'''

'''Resolution of Vector'''
|| Parallel force is '''Sin theta'''.

'''Sin theta''' equals to '''F'''(parallel) upon '''mg'''.

Let’s rearrange the equation. 

'''F'''(parallel) equals to '''mg sin theta'''.

Similarly we can resolve the perpendicular component. 

'''F'''(perpendicular) equals to '''mg cos theta'''.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 11'''

'''Numerical'''

A mass of 1.02 kg rests on a plane that is inclined at an angle of 30 degrees.

From resolution of vectors find parallel and perpendicular components.

Calculate the necessary force to pull the mass. 
|| Let us solve this numerical and verify the answers with the ones shown in the '''App'''.
|-
|| Click on the '''Reset''' button.
|| Click on the '''Reset''' button to reset the '''App'''.
|-
|| 1.02 Kg = 10 N.

Change the weight to 10 N.

|| In the '''App''' change the values according to the numerical.

First let us convert 1.02 '''Kg''' into '''Newton''' and enter the value in the '''Weight''' box.
|-
|| Change the '''Angle of inclination''' to 30 '''degrees''' and press '''Enter'''.
|| Next change the '''Angle of inclination''' to 30 '''degrees''' and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| Click on '''Start '''button.
|| Now click on '''Start''' button.
|-
|| Point to the load >> click on '''Pause '''button.
|| Again click on '''Pause''' button when the load reaches the center of the inclined plane.
|-
|| Point to '''Normal force''', '''Parallel component''' and '''Necessary force'''.
||Observe that the '''App''' has calculated the parameters.
|-
|| 
||Next we will calculate using the formulae.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 12'''

'''Resolution of Gravity Forces'''

'''F||<nowiki>=mg sin </nowiki>'''θ

<nowiki>= 1.02 </nowiki>x 9.8 x sin 30

<nowiki>= 4.99 N</nowiki>

F⟂'''<nowiki>= mg cos </nowiki>'''θ

<nowiki>= 1.02 </nowiki>x 9.8 x cos 30

<nowiki>= 8.65 N</nowiki>

Necessary force = -F||

|| Calculated value of the parallel component is 4.99 '''N''' and that of normal component is 8.65 '''N'''.

And the necessary force is equal to the parallel force but in the opposite direction.

Let us compare the answers with the ones shown in the '''App'''.
|-
||Point to values of '''Normal force''', '''Parallel component''' and '''Necessary force'''.
||Observe that the calculated values are comparable to the measured values.
|-
|| Cursor on the interface.
||Let's observe the effect of friction.
|-
|| Click on '''Reset''' button.
|| Click on the '''Reset''' button.
|-
|| Enter 0.2 in the '''Coefficient of friction''' box.
|| In the '''Coefficient of friction''' box type 0.5 and press '''Enter'''.
|-th
|| Click on '''Start''' button.
|| Click on the '''Start''' button.
|-
|| Point to the load >> click on '''Pause''' button.
|| When the load reaches the middle of the '''inclined plane''' click on '''Pause''' button.
|-
||Move the cursor on the black vector.
||Notice that a black vector is added to the blue vector.

This vector represents '''Force of friction'''.
|-
||Point to Force of friction
|| In the green panel '''Force of friction''' is measured as 4.3 '''N'''. 
|-
|| Point to '''Necessary force.'''

Move the cursor on the blue and black vector and then point to green vector. 
|| Notice that the '''Necessary force''' required to pull the load has changed to 9.3 '''N'''. 

This is because the total necessary force is, sum of parallel and frictional forces.

|-
||'''Slide Number 13'''

'''Assignment '''

A load of 0.612 kg rests on a plane that is inclined at an angle of 60 degrees.

From resolution of vectors find parallel and perpendicular components.

Calculate the necessary force to pull the load.
||As an assignment solve this numerical and compare your answer with the ones shown in the '''App'''.
|-
||
||Let us summarise
|-
|| '''Slide Number 14'''

'''Summary'''
|| Using this '''App''' we have 

* Simulated the motion of a load on an inclined plane.

* Resolve the vector components using basic trigonometry.

* Calculated the vector components.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 15'''

'''Acknowledgement'''

These Apps are created by Walter-fendt and his team.

||These Apps are created by Walter-fendt and his team.

|-
|| '''Slide Number 16'''

'''About Spoken Tutorial project'''.
|| The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.

Please download and watch it.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 17'''

'''Spoken Tutorial workshops.'''
|| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project&nbsp;'''team,

conducts workshops using spoken tutorials 

and gives certificates on passing online tests.

For more details, please write to us.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 18'''

'''Forum for specific questions:'''

|| Do you have questions in THIS Spoken Tutorial?

Please visit this site.

Choose the minute and second where you have the question. 

Explain your question briefly someone from our team will answer them.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 19'''

'''Acknowledgement'''
|| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by MHRD, Government of India.
|-
|| 
|| This is Himanshi Karwanje from IIT-Bombay. 

Thank you for joining.
|-
|}