View source for C-and-C++/C3/Arrays/English-timed

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|'''Time'''

|'''Narration'''


|-
| 00.01
|Welcome to the spoken-tutorial on Arrays in C and C++.

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| 00.07
|In this tutorial we will learn,   

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| 00.09
|What is an array.

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| 00.11
|Declaration of an array. 

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| 00.13
|Initialization of an array. 

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| 00.16
| Few Examples on array

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| 00.18
|We will also see some common errors and their solutions. 

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| 00.22
| To record this tutorial, I am using, 

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| 00.25
|Ubuntu Operating System version 11.04 

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|00.30
| gcc and g++ Compiler version 4.6.1 .


|-
|00.36
|Let us start with the introduction to Array.

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|00.39
|Array is the collection of data or elements of same data-type. 

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| 00.44
|Array index starts from 0. 

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| 00.48
|The first element is stored at index 0. 

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| 00.52
|There are three types of arrays:

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| 00.55
|Single dimensional array. 

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| 00.57
|Two dimensional array and

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|00.59
|Multi-dimensional array. 

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| 01.01
|We will be discussing single dimensional array in this tutorial. 

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| 01.06
|Let us see how to declare single dimensional array.

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| 01.09
|The Syntax for this is: 

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| 01.11
|data-type name of the array and size

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|01.16
|example, here we have declare an integer array star which contain 5 elements

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|01.24
|The array index will start from star 0 to star 4

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|01.29
|We saw the declaration of an array


|-
|01.32
|Now, we will see the initialize of an array. 

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| 01.35
|The Syntax for this is: 

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| 01.38
|data-type, name of the array , size is equal to elements


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| 01.44
|example, here we have declared an integer array star with size 3. The elements of the array are 1,2 and 3

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|01.54
|Here the index will start from star 0 to star 2

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|01.59
|Now, lets us move to the examples

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|02.01
|I have already typed the program on the editor. 

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|02.04
|So, let me open it. 

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| 02.06
|Please,note that our file name is array.c .


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| 02.10
| In this program, we will calculate the sum of the elements stored in an array. 

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| 02.16
| Let me explain the code now

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| 02.18
| This is our header file.


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|02.20
|This is our main function. 


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| 02.22
| Here, we have declared and initialized an array star with size 3. 

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| 02.28
| The elements of the array are 4, 5 and 6

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| 02.33
|Then we have declared an integer variable sum

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| 02.36
| Here we add the elements of the array and store the result in sum. 

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| 02.41
|Note that 4 will be store at index 0, 5 will be store at index 1 and 6 will be store at index 2

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| 02.50
| Then we print the sum.

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| 02.52
|This is our return statement.

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| 02.54
|Now, click on Save.

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| 02.57
| Let us execute the program. 

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| 02.59
|Please open the terminal window by pressing Ctrl, Alt and T keys simultaneously on your keyboard.

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| 03.09
|To compile type, gcc space array dot c space hypen o array and press Enter.

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| 03.19
| To execute type, dot slash array .Press Enter

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| 03.24
| Here the output is displayed as, 

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| 03.26
|The sum is 15.

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| 03.28
|Now let us see some common errors which we can come accross. 


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| 03.32
|Come back to our program. 

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| 03.34
|Suppose here, at line number 4 we miss the curly brackets. 

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| 03.39
|Click on Save. Let us see what happens

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| 03.42
|Come back to the terminal. 

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| 03.44
|Let us compile as before. 

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| 03.47
| We see an error

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| 03.49
|Invalid initializer and Expected identifier or bracket before numeric constant. 

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| 03.56
|This is because arrays must be initialized within curly brackets. 

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| 04.01
|Come back to our program. Let us fix the error.

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| 04.04
|Type the curly brackets here at line number 4.

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| 04.09
|Now, click on Save

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| 04.12
|Lets us execute. Come back to the terminal 

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| 04.15
|Let us compile as before. Let us execute as before.


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| 04.19
| Yes,it is working


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| 04.21
|Now we will execute the same program in C++. 
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| 04.25
|Come back to our program. 

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| 04.28
|I will change a few things here. 

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| 04.30
|First press Shift , Ctrl and S keys  simultaneously on your keyboard

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| 04.38
|Now save the file with the extension dot cpp and click on Save

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| 04.44
|Let us change the header file as iostream

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| 04.49
|Now include the using statement

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| 04.55
|The declaration and initialization of an array is same in C++

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| 05.01
|Hence no need to change anything here

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| 05.04
|Now replace the printf statement with the cout statement. 

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| 05.09
|Delete the format specifier and back slash n, now delete the comma and type two opening angle brackets

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| 05.17
|Delete the bracket here. Again type two opening angle brackets and within the double quotes type back slash n

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| 05.26
|Now click on Save. 

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| 05.29
|Let us execute. Come back to a terminal.  

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| 05.32
|To compile type, g++ space array dot cpp space hypen o space array1.

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| 05.42
|Here we have array1 because we dont want to overwrite the output parameter array for the file array dot c

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| 05.51
|Now press Enter.

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| 05.54
|To execute type, dot slash array1 .Press Enter

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| 05.59
|The output is displayed as,  The sum is 15

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| 06.02
|We can see that it is similar to our C code

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| 06.07
|Now, we will see another common error.


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| 06.10
|Come back to our program

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| 06.12
|Suppose here, at line number 7 

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| 06.14
|I will type star[1],  star[2] and  star[3]; 

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| 06.23
|Click on Save.

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| 06.24
|Let us execute. Come back to our terminal

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| 06.28
|Let me clear the prompt.

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| 06.30
|Let us compile as before.

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| 06.33
|Let us execute as before.

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| 06.36
|We get an unexpected output.


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| 06.39
|This is because array index starts from 0.

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| 06.43
|Come back to our program. We can see here the array index starts from one.

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| 06.49
|Hence it is giving an error. Let us fix the error.

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| 06.54
|Type 0 here 1 and 2. Click on Save

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| 07.02
|Let us execute. Come back to our terminal

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| 07.05
|Let us compile as before. Execute as before

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| 07.09
|Yes, it is working.

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| 07.12
|Now, we will go back to our slides

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| 07.14
|Le us summarize

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| 07.16
|In this tutorial we learned,


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| 07.19
|Arrays. 

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| 07.20
|To declare Single Dimensional Arrays. 

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| 07.23
|To initialize Single Dimensional Arrays.


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| 07.26
|example int star[3]={4, 5, 6}

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| 07.31
|To add the element of the array, example sum is equal to star 0 plus star 1 plus star 2

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| 07.40
|As an assignment, 

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| 07.41
|Write a program to calculate the difference of the elements stored in an array. 


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| 07.47
|Watch the video available at the link shown below

|-
| 07.50
|It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project 

|-
| 07.53
|If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it 

|-
| 07.57
|The Spoken Tutorial Project Team 

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| 08.00
|Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials 

|-
| 08.03
|Gives certificates to those who pass an online test 

|-
| 08.06
|For more details, please write to, contact@spoken-tutorial.org 

|-
|08.13
|Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project 

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| 08.17
|It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India


|-
| 08.25
|More information on this Mission is available at the link shown below

|-
| 08.30
|This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay signing off 

|-
| 08.33
|Thank You for watching.