View source for PostgreSQL-Database/C2/Logical-Operators/English

'''Title of the Script: Logical Operators in PostgreSQL'''

'''Author: EduPyramids / Ketki Bhamble'''

'''Keywords: '''PostgreSQL, pgAdmin 4, Logical operators, AND, OR, NOT, WHERE, EduPyramids, Video Tutorial.

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|| '''Visual Cue'''
|| '''Narration'''
|- 
|| '''Slide 1'''

'''Title Slide'''
|| Welcome to this Spoken Tutorial on''' Logical Operators '''in''' PostgreSQL'''.
|- 
|| '''Slide 2'''

'''Learning Objectives '''
|| In this tutorial, we will learn about
* '''AND''', '''OR '''and''' NOT''' operators.
|- 
|| '''Slide 3'''

'''System Requirements '''
* '''Ubuntu 24.04''' '''LTS'''
* '''PostgreSQL version 18.1''', and
* '''PgAdmin 4 version 9.11'''.
|| To record this tutorial, I am using the following setup.
|- 
|| '''Slide 4'''

'''Pre-requisites '''

[https://edupyramids.org/ https://EduPyramids.org] '''
|| To follow this tutorial,
* Learners should have '''PostgreSQL''' and '''pgAdmin 4 '''
* For the prerequisite '''PostgreSQL '''tutorials, please visit this website. 
|- 
|| '''Slide 5'''

'''Code Files '''

The following code file is required to practice this tutorial:
* '''lo-commands.txt'''

This file is provided in the Code Files link on this tutorial page.
|| The following code file is required to practice this tutorial.

This file is provided in the '''Code Files''' link of this tutorial page.

Please download and extract the file.
|- 
|| 
|| Let us get started.
|- 
|| '''Slide 6'''

'''Logical Operators'''
|| '''Logical''' '''operators''' are used to combine multiple conditions in a query.

They help to filter records by evaluating conditions.

We will use '''AND''', '''OR''', and '''NOT '''operators to explain various conditions'''.'''
|- 
|| 
|| Let us use the '''AND''' operator in a query.

I have opened the '''pgAdmin 4 '''interface and connected to the localhost server.
|- 
|| Type: 

'''SELECT *'''

'''FROM students'''

'''WHERE city = 'Pune' AND gender = 'Female';'''

'''Highlight:WHERE'''

'''Highlight:AND'''
|| Let us type the following query.

Here, we are using the '''WHERE''' clause along with the '''AND''' operator.

The condition checks if the city is Pune and gender is Female.

In '''AND''' operation, only those records are shown that satisfy both the conditions.
|- 
|| click the '''execute''' '''query''' button.

Point
|| Click the''' Execute''' query icon on the toolbar.

The output shows only two records that satisfy the given condition.

Observe that records of only female students from Pune are displayed.
|- 
|| 
|| Let us use the '''OR''' operator in an example.
|- 
|| '''Type''': 


'''SELECT *'''

'''FROM students'''

'''WHERE city = 'Mumbai' OR city = 'Delhi';'''

'''Highlight:WHERE'''

'''Highlight:OR'''

Press the '''execute''' '''query''' button.
|| Now type the following query.

Here, we use the '''WHERE''' clause with the '''OR''' operator.

This condition checks whether the city is Mumbai or Delhi. 

Rows that satisfy at least one of these conditions are displayed.

Let us execute the query.

We see the details of students from Mumbai and Delhi.
|- 
|| 
|| Now, let us see an example of the '''NOT''' operator.
|- 
|| '''Type:'''

'''SELECT *'''

'''FROM students'''

'''WHERE NOT gender = 'Male';'''

'''Highlight:WHERE'''

'''Highlight:NOT'''

Press the '''execute''' '''query''' button.

|| Type the following query.

Here, we use the '''WHERE''' clause with the '''NOT''' operator.

This condition excludes all the rows where gender is Male.

Let us execute the query.

The output shows the details of all the female students. 
|- 
|| '''Slide 10'''

'''Summary'''

In this tutorial, we learnt about
* '''AND''', '''OR''' and''' NOT operators'''.

|| With this, we come to the end of this tutorial.

Let us summarise.
|- 
|| '''Slide 11'''

'''Assignment'''

'''As an Assignment, '''
* Retrieve the details of students who are from Chennai and whose gender is Female.
* Display the records of students who are from Hyderabad or Bangalore.
* List all students who are not from Pune.
* Find students whose gender is Male and not from Mumbai.
* List student details where city is Jaipur or Ahmedabad, but gender is not Female.
|| We encourage you to do this assignment.
|- 
|| '''Slide 12'''

This '''Spoken''' '''Tutorial''' is brought to you by '''EduPyramids''' Educational Private Limited SINE IIT Bombay.

'''Thank you'''
|| Thank you for joining.
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