View source for DWSIM/C3/Heterogeneous-Catalytic-Reaction/English

{|border=1
||'''Visual Cue'''
||'''Narration'''
|-
|| '''Slide Number 1'''
''' Title Slide'''
|| Welcome to this tutorial on Simulating a '''PFR '''using '''Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction '''in''' DWSIM.'''
|-
|| '''Slide Number 2'''
'''Learning Objective'''
|| In this tutorial, we will learn to:

* Define a '''Heterogeneous Catalytic''' reaction
* Define parameters for '''Plug Flow Reactor '''required to simulate a '''HCR'''
* Calculate '''Conversion''' and '''Residence time''' for '''HCR''' in a '''PFR'''

|-
|| '''Slide Number 3'''
'''System Requirements'''
|| To record this tutorial, I am using

* '''DWSIM 5.6 (Classic UI) Update 8 '''and
* '''Windows 10'''

The process demonstrated in this tutorial is identical in other OS also such as-
* '''Ubuntu Linux''', 
* '''Mac OS X''' or 
* '''FOSSEE OS''' on '''ARM'''.

|-
|| '''Slide Number 4'''


'''Pre-requisites '''
|| To practice this tutorial, you should know to-

* add components to a '''flowsheet'''
* select '''thermodynamic''' packages
* add '''material''' and '''energy''' streams and specify their properties.

|-
|| '''Slide Number 5'''

'''Prerequisite Tutorials and Files'''

'''https:\\spoken-tutorial.org'''
|| The prerequisite tutorials are available on this website'''.'''

You can access these tutorials and all the associated files from this site.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 6 '''

'''Problem Statement'''

Reaction: '''CH<sub>4</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O ⇔ 3H<sub>2 + </sub>CO'''

'''Inlet Stream: '''

Mass Flow: 300 kg/h

Mole Fraction(CH<sub>4</sub>): 0.4975

Mole Fraction(H<sub>2</sub>O): 0.4975

Mole Fraction(H<sub>2</sub>): 0.005

Temperature: 730 degree C 

Pressure: 1.01325 bar


'''Property Package: '''Peng Robinson(PR)

'''PFR Dimensions:''' 

Volume: 1 m<sup>3</sup>, length: 1 m
|| We will develop a flowsheet to determine the exit composition from an Isothermal '''PFR '''with '''Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction'''.




Here we give '''Inlet stream conditions''', '''Property package''' and '''Reactor Parameters.'''

|-
|| '''Slide Number 7'''


'''Catalyst Properties:'''

'''Loading: '''0.386 kg/m<sup>3</sup>

'''Particle Diameter:''' 0.002 m

'''Void Fraction:''' 0.4


'''Gas Constant: '''R = 8.314 J/mol-K
|| Next, we give the '''Catalyst properties''' and '''Gas constant.'''
|-
|| '''Slide Number 8'''

'''Reaction Rate and Coefficients:'''

R<sub>1</sub> = [k<sub>1</sub>/P<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub><sup>2.5</sup> {P<sub>CH<sub>4</sub></sub> P<sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</sub> - P<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub><sup>3</sup> P<sub>CO</sub> / K<sub>1</sub>}] / DEN<sup>2</sup>


'''Reaction Rate '''

k<sub>1</sub> = 4.22 * 10 <sup>15</sup> exp (- 240100/RT)

K<sub>1</sub> = exp (30.42 - 27106/T)

DEN = 1 + K<sub>CH<sub>4</sub></sub> P<sub>CH<sub>4</sub></sub> + K<sub>CO</sub> P<sub>CO</sub> + K<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub> P<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub> + K<sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</sub> P<sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</sub>/P<sub>H<sub>2</sub>

|| Now we give the '''reaction rate''' and its '''coefficients'''.

|-
|| '''Slide Number 9'''

'''Reaction Rate Coefficients'''

k<sub>1</sub> = 6.65 * 10<sup>-4</sup> exp (38280/RT)


k<sub>1</sub> = 1.77 * 10<sup>5</sup> exp (- 88680/RT)


k<sub>1</sub> = 6.12 * 10<sup>-9</sup> exp (82920/RT)


k<sub>1</sub> = 8.23 * 10<sup>-5</sup> exp (70650/RT)

|| Here we give the '''reaction rate''' '''coefficients'''.
|-
|| 
|| Before we start the simulation, we will simplify the rate expression.
|-
|| 
|| We will substitute the coefficients in the rate for the numerator and denominator separately.


This will be helpful when we have to enter the reaction rate for '''Heterogeneous Catalytic reaction'''.
|-
|| 
|| In the rate expression, we will assign the variables for partial pressure of '''reactants''' and '''products'''.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 10'''

'''Reactants: R'''

'''P<sub>CH4</sub>: R1, P<sub>H2O</sub>: R2'''

'''Products: P'''

'''P<sub>H2</sub>: P1, P<sub>CO</sub>: P2'''
|| '''R''' corresponds to '''reactants.'''

Partial pressure of '''Methane(CH<sub>4</sub>)''' is '''R1''' and '''Water(H<sub>2</sub>O)''' is '''R2'''.

'''P''' corresponds to '''products'''.

So the partial pressure of '''Hydrogen(H<sub>2</sub>)''' is '''P1''' and '''Carbon monoxide(CO)''' is '''P2'''.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 11'''

Numerator of R<sub>1</sub> = k<sub>1</sub>/P<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub><sup>2.5</sup> {P<sub>CH<sub>4</sub></sub> P<sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</sub> - P<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub><sup>3</sup> P<sub>CO</sub> / K<sub>1</sub>}


Substituting for''' k'''<sub>1</sub>''', P<sub>H2</sub>, P<sub>CH4</sub>, P<sub>H3</sub>, P<sub>CO</sub> '''and''' K<sub>1</sub>, '''we get


4.22E+15*exp(-240100/(8.314*T))/P1<sup>2.5</sup>*((R1*R2)-(P1<sup>3</sup>*P2)/(exp(30.42-27106/T)))
|| The numerator term in the rate expression is this.

Substituting the values of '''k<sub>1'''</sub>, '''K<sub>1'''</sub> and '''partial pressure''' terms, the numerator becomes like this.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 12'''

Denominator of R<sub>1</sub> = [1 + K<sub>CH<sub>4</sub></sub> P<sub>CH<sub>4</sub></sub> + K<sub>CO</sub> P<sub>CO</sub> + K<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub> P<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub> + K<sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</sub> P<sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</sub>/P<sub>H<sub>2</sub>] <sup>2</sup>


Substituting for '''K<sub>CH4'''</sub>, '''P<sub>CH4'''</sub>, '''K<sub>CO'''</sub>, '''P<sub>CO'''</sub>, '''K<sub>H2'''</sub>, '''P<sub>H2'''</sub>, '''K<sub>H2O'''</sub> and '''P<sub>H2O'''</sub>, we get


(1+6.65E-4*exp(38280/(8.314*T))*R1+8.23E-5*exp(70650/(8.314*T))*P2+6.12E-9*exp(82900/(8.314*T))*P1+1.77E+5*exp(-88680/(8.314*T))*R2/P1)^2
|| The denominator term in the rate expression is this.

Substituting the values of '''K<sub>CH4'''</sub>, '''K<sub>CO'''</sub>, '''K<sub>H2'''</sub>, '''K<sub>H2O'''</sub> and '''partial pressure''' terms, the denominator becomes like this.
|-
|| 
|| We have simplified the rate expression to be entered in '''DWSIM'''.

Now we will start the simulation.
|-
|| '''File''' >> '''New Steady-state Simulation '''
|| I have already opened '''DWSIM'''.

Go to '''File''' menu and select '''New Steady-state Simulation.'''
|-
|| Point to '''Simulation Configuration Wizard''' window
|| '''Simulation Configuration Wizard''' window appears.
|-
|| Click on '''Next '''button at the bottom.
|| Click on '''Next '''button at the bottom.
|-
|| 
|| First, we will add the compounds.
|-
|| Type '''Methane '''in the '''Search''' tab

'''ChemSep '''database >> '''Methane'''

Check the checkbox under column '''Added'''
|| In the '''Compounds Search '''tab, type '''Methane.'''

Select '''Methane '''from '''ChemSep '''database.
|-
|| Type '''Water '''in the '''Search''' tab
|| Next, add '''Water''' from '''ChemSep '''database.
|-
|| Type '''Hydrogen '''in the '''Search''' tab
|| Then, add '''Hydrogen''' from '''ChemSep '''database.
|-
|| Type '''Carbon monoxide '''in the '''Search''' tab
|| Next, add '''Carbon monoxide''' from '''ChemSep '''database.
|-
|| Type '''Carbon dioxide '''in the '''Search''' tab
|| Next, add '''Carbon dioxide''' from '''ChemSep '''database.


Now, all the compounds are added.
|-
|| Click on '''Next''' button at the bottom.
|| Click on '''Next''' button at the bottom.
|-
|| Point to '''Property Packages'''
|| Now comes '''Property Packages.'''
|-
|| '''Property Packages''' >> '''Available Property Package'''

Double click on '''Peng-Robinson (PR)'''
|| From '''Available Property Packages''' list, double click on '''Peng-Robinson (PR) '''option.
|-
|| Click on '''Next''' button at the bottom.
|| Then click on the '''Next '''button at the bottom.
|-
|| Point to '''System of Units'''
|| Next option is '''System of Units.'''
|-
|| '''System of Units >> C5'''
|| Under '''System of Units, '''we will select '''C5'''. 
|-
|| Click on''' Finish'''
|| Then at the bottom, click on the '''Finish '''button. 
|-
|| Click on '''Maximize''' button
|| Let us maximize the simulation window.
|-
|| Cursor on the simulation window.
|| Now let's insert a feed stream that enters the '''Reactor'''.
|-
|| Point to '''Streams.'''
|| At the bottom of the main simulation window, go to '''Streams.'''
|-
|| Click and drag '''Material Stream '''to the flowsheet
|| From the displayed list, drag and drop a '''Material Stream '''to the '''Flowsheet'''.
|-
|| Click '''MSTR-000'''
|| Click on the material stream named '''MSTR-000.'''
|-
|| Type '''Feed'''
|| Let’s change the name of this '''stream''' to '''Feed.'''
|-
|| 
|| Now we will specify the Feed''' stream''' properties.
|-
|| '''Stream Conditions >> Flash Spec >> Temperature and Pressure (TP)'''
|| Go to '''Input Data.'''

Under '''Stream Conditions tab''', select '''Flash Spec''' as '''Temperature and Pressure (TP),''' if not already selected.
|-
|| Point to the default temperature and pressure. 
|| By default, '''Temperature '''and''' Pressure '''are already selected as '''Flash Spec.'''
|-
|| '''Stream Conditions >>Temperature >> 730 C'''

Press '''Enter'''
|| Change '''Temperature''' to '''730 degree C''' and press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| '''Stream Conditions >> Pressure >> 1.01325 bar'''

Press '''Enter'''
|| Change '''Pressure''' to '''1.01325 bar''' and press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| '''Stream Conditions >> Mass Flow >> 300 kg/h'''

Press '''Enter'''
|| Change '''Mass Flow''' to '''300 kg/h''' and press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| '''Input Data '''>>''' Compound Amounts'''
|| Now let us specify the '''Feed stream compositions.'''

For this under '''Input Data''' click on '''Compound Amounts''' tab.
|-
|| '''Basis >> Mole Fractions'''
|| Choose the '''Basis''' as '''Mole Fractions''', if not already selected.

By default, '''Mole Fractions''' is already selected as '''Basis.'''
|-
|| '''Methane: 0.4975'''
|| Now for '''Methane''', enter the '''Amount''' as '''0.4975''' and press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| '''Water: 0.4975'''
|| For '''Water, '''enter '''0.4975''' and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| '''Hydrogen: 0.005'''
|| For '''Hydrogen, '''enter '''0.005''' and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| '''Carbon monoxide: 0'''
|| For '''Carbon monoxide, '''enter '''0''' and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| '''Carbon dioxide: 0'''
|| For '''Carbon dioxide''',''' '''enter '''0''' and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| Click '''Accept Changes '''button
|| On the right, click on the '''Accept Changes''' button.
|-
|| 
|| Now we will define the '''Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction.'''
|-
|| '''Tools''' >> '''Reaction Manager''' 

Point to '''Chemical Reactions Manager''' 
|| Under '''Tools''', click on '''Reactions Manager'''. 

'''Chemical Reactions Manager''' window opens.
|-
|| '''Chemical Reactions >> Add Reaction'''
|| Under '''Chemical Reactions''' tab, click on the green coloured '''Add Reaction''' button.
|-
|| Click on '''Heterogeneous Catalytic'''
|| Click on '''Heterogeneous Catalytic.'''
|-
|| Point to '''Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction'''
|| '''Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction '''window opens.
|-
|| '''Identification >> Name''' '''>> Steam Reforming'''
|| Under '''Identification,''' enter the '''Name''' as '''Steam Reforming.'''
|-
|| '''Description >> Catalytic Reaction for Steam Reforming'''
|| Next, type the '''Description '''as,

“'''Catalytic Reaction for Steam Reforming'''”
|-
|| Point to '''Components and Stoichiometry'''
|| Next part is a table of '''Components and Stoichiometry.'''
|-
|| Point to '''Name''' field
|| First column '''Name,''' shows the available components here.
|-
|| Point to '''Molar Weight'''
|| Second column corresponds to its '''Molar Weight.'''
|-
|| Point to '''Heat of Formation'''
|| Third column corresponds to its '''Heat of Formation.'''
|-
|| Point to '''Include'''
|| Next column is '''Include.'''


Under '''Include''', check the check boxes against '''Methane''', '''Water''', '''Hydrogen''' and '''Carbon monoxide'''.
|-
|| 
|| '''Carbon dioxide''' doesn’t take part in this reaction. 


We will keep it unchecked.
|-
|| Point to '''BC'''


Check '''Methane''' check box
|| Fourth column is '''BC.'''

Under '''BC''', check the '''Methane''' check box as '''Methane '''is the base component.
|-
|| Point to '''SC'''
|| Next column is '''SC (stoichiometric coefficient)'''
|-
|| 

'''Stoich. Coeff >> Methane: -1, 

'''Water: -1''' 

'''Hydrogen: 3,''' 

'''Carbon monoxide: 1,''' 

'''Carbon dioxide: 0''''''
|| Under '''SC''' column, enter 


'''-1''' for '''Methane'''

'''-1''' for '''Water'''

'''3 '''for''' Hydrogen'''

'''1''' for '''Carbon monoxide'''

'''0''' for '''Carbon dioxide'''


Then press Enter.
|-
|| Point to '''Stoichiometry '''field
|| In the '''Stoichiometry '''field, we can see it is showing '''OK'''.
|-
|| Point to '''Equation '''field
|| Here''' '''the '''Equation '''field shows the reaction equation'''.'''
|-
|| Point to '''Heterogeneous Kinetic Reaction Parameters'''
|| Next part is '''Heterogeneous Kinetic Reaction Parameters.'''
|-
|| '''Basis >> Partial Pressures'''
|| Select '''Basis''' as '''Partial Pressures.'''
|-
|| '''Phase >> Vapor'''
|| Select '''Phase''' as '''Vapor.'''
|-
|| Leave '''Tmin''' and '''Tmax''' unchanged.
|| We will leave '''Tmin''' and '''Tmax''' field as unchanged.
|-
|| 
|| Now we will specify the reaction rate.
|-
|| Point to '''Reaction Rate(Base Component)'''
|| Go to '''Reaction Rate (Base Component) = Numerator/Denominator.'''
|-
|| Point to '''Numerator''' and '''Denominator''' field.
|| The reaction rate is to be entered separately as '''Numerator''' and '''Denominator.'''


We have already simplified the '''Numerator''' and '''Denominator''' part separately.
|-
|| Point to '''Numerator'''


'''Type '''

'''4.22E+15*exp(-240100/(8.314*T))/P1^2.5*((R1*R2)-(P1^3*P2)/(exp(30.42-27106/T)))'''
|| We will enter the '''Numerator''' part first.


Type the equation as shown here.
|-
|| Point to '''Denominator'''

'''Type'''

'''(1+6.65E-4*exp(38280/(8.314*T))*R1+8.23E-5*exp(70650/(8.314*T))*P2+6.12E-9*exp(82900/(8.314*T))*P1+1.77E+5*exp(-88680/(8.314*T))*R2/P1)^2'''
|| Now we will enter the '''Denominator''' part.

Type the equation as shown here.
|-
|| 
|| Now we will specify the units for '''Amount''' and '''Velocity'''.
|-
|| '''Amount Unit >> atm'''
|| Select '''Amount Unit''' as '''atm''' from the dropdown.

The '''Reaction Rate '''is expressed in terms of '''Partial Pressure, '''whose unit is '''atm.''' 
|-
|| '''Velocity Unit >> kmol/[kg.h]'''
|| From the drop-down select '''Velocity Unit''' as '''kmol/[kg.h].'''

This is the unit for the '''Reaction Rate'''.
|-
|| Click '''OK'''
|| Click on the '''OK''' button at the bottom.
|-
|| Click on '''Flowsheet'''
|| Now go to the '''Flowsheet''' area.
|-
|| 
|| We will use a '''Plug Flow Reactor''' for the simulation.
|-
|| Cursor to''' Reactors''' tab
|| At the bottom of the main simulation window, go to '''Reactors '''tab.
|-
|| Click and drag a '''Plug-Flow Reactor(PFR)''' to the flowsheet
|| Drag and drop a '''Plug-Flow Reactor(PFR)''' to the flowsheet area.
|-
|| 
|| Let us arrange it as required.
|-
|| 
|| And then let us insert one '''Output Stream'''.
|-
|| Click and drag '''Material Stream''' to the flowsheet
|| To do that let us drag one '''Material Stream.'''
|-
|| 
|| Let us once again arrange it in the flowsheet.
|-
|| 
|| Leave that stream as unspecified.
|-
|| Type '''Product'''
|| We will change the name of this stream to '''Product.'''
|-
|| Click and drag '''Energy Stream''' to the flowsheet
|| Let us now insert one '''Energy Stream.'''
|-
|| Type '''Energy.'''
|| Name this stream as '''Energy.'''
|-
||Click '''Plug-Flow Reactor (PFR)'''
|| We are now ready to specify the '''Plug-Flow Reactor.'''

So let’s click on it.
|-
|| Point to the tab on the left. 
|| On the left, we can see a tab displaying properties related to the '''PFR.'''
|-
|| Go to a'''Connections'''


Click on drop down arrow against '''Inlet Stream'''


Select''' Feed.'''
|| Under '''Connections,''' click on the drop down against '''Inlet Stream.'''

Select '''Feed.'''
|-
|| Click on drop down arrow against '''Outlet Stream'''

Select''' Product.'''
|| Click on the drop down against '''Outlet Stream''' and select '''Product.'''
|-
|| Click on the drop down against '''Energy Stream'''

Select''' Energy.'''
|| Click on the drop down against '''Energy Stream''' and select '''Energy.'''
|-
|| Hover mouse at '''Calculation Parameters'''
|| Now, Go to the '''Calculation Parameters.'''
|-
|| '''Reaction Set''' >> '''Default Set'''
|| In this section, first option is '''Reaction Set.'''

By default, it is '''Default Set'''.

Since we have only one reaction, we leave it as it is.
|-
|| Click drop down against '''Calculation Mode'''

Select''' Isothermic'''
|| Click on the drop down against '''Calculation Mode'''

and select '''Isothermic.'''
|-
|| '''Reactor Volume''' >> 1''' m3'''

Press '''Enter'''
|| Click on the field against '''Reactor Volume''' and enter 1''' m<sup>3.'''</sup>

and press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| '''Reactor Length''' >> '''1 m'''

Press '''Enter'''
|| Click on the field against '''Reactor length''' and enter it as '''1 m.'''

Then press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| '''Catalyst Loading''' >> '''0.386 kg/m3'''

Press '''Enter'''
|| Click on the field against '''Catalyst Loading''' and enter it as '''0.386 kg/m<sup>3.'''</sup>

and press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| '''Catalyst Particle Diameter''' >> 2''' mm'''

Press '''Enter'''
|| Click on the field against '''Catalyst Particle Diameter''' and enter it as 2''' mm.'''

and press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| '''Catalyst Void Fraction''' >> '''0.4'''

Press '''Enter'''
|| Click on the field against '''Catalyst Void Fraction''' and enter it as '''0.4.'''

Then press '''Enter.'''
|-
|| 
|| Wait for a few seconds.

The flowsheet is getting simulated.
|-
|| 
|| Once again, we will run the simulation.
|-
|| Click '''Solve Flowsheet'''
|| To do this, click on '''Solve Flowsheet''' button.
|-
|| Click '''Plug-Flow Reactor'''
|| When calculations are completed, click on the '''PFR''' in the Flowsheet. 
|-
|| Hover mouse at '''Results'''
|| Locate '''Results''' section.
|-
|| '''Results >> General'''
|| Under '''General''' tab, Check '''Residence time.'''

It is '''0.00068 h.'''
|-
|| '''Results >> Conversions'''
|| Under '''Conversions''' tab, check conversion for both the reacting compounds.

For '''Methane,''' the conversion is '''80.67%''' and for '''Water,''' it is '''80.67%.'''
|-
|| '''Insert >> Master Property Table'''
|| To check the material balances, go to '''Insert''' option from the toolbar.

Select '''Master Property Table.'''
|-
|| Double click on '''Master Property Table'''

Point to '''Configure Master Property Table'''
|| Double click on the '''Master Property Table '''to edit it.

'''Configure Master Property Table''' window opens.
|-
|| Type '''Stream Wise Results – Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction'''
|| Enter the '''Name''' as '''Stream Wise Results – Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction.'''
|-
|| Type '''Material Stream'''
|| Type '''Object Type''' as '''Material Stream'''.

By default, '''Material Stream''' is already selected.

So we will not change it.
|-
|| '''Object >> Feed''' and '''Product'''
|| Under '''Properties to display''', select '''Object '''as '''Feed''' and '''Product.'''
|-
|| '''Configure Master Property Table>> Property'''
|| Under '''Property''', select the properties as

'''Temperature'''

'''Pressure'''

'''Mass Flow'''

'''Molar Flow'''

'''Molar Flow (Mixture) / Methane'''

'''Mass Flow (Mixture) / Methane'''

'''Molar Flow (Mixture) / Water'''

'''Mass Flow (Mixture) / Water'''

'''Molar Flow (Mixture) / Hydrogen'''

'''Mass Flow (Mixture) / Hydrogen'''

'''Molar Flow (Mixture) /Carbon monoxide'''

'''Mass Flow (Mixture) / Carbon monoxide'''

'''Molar Flow (Mixture) / Carbon dioxide''' and

'''Mass Flow (Mixture) / Carbon dioxide'''
|-
|| Close this window.
|| Close this window.
|-
|| Point to the results.
|| Move the '''Master Property Table '''for better visibility.

Here we can see the corresponding results for '''Product''' and''' Feed.'''
|-
|| 
|| Let's summarize.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 13'''

'''Summary'''
|| In this tutorial, we have learnt to 

* Define a '''Heterogeneous Catalytic''' reaction
* Define parameters for '''Plug Flow Reactor '''required to simulate a '''HCR'''
* Calculate '''Conversion''' and '''Residence time''' for '''HCR''' in a '''PFR'''

|-
|| '''Slide Number 14'''

'''Assignment'''

'''Water Gas Shift Reaction:'''

CO + H<sub>2</sub>O ⇔ H<sub>2</sub> + CO<sub>2</sub>

R<sub>2</sub> = [k<sub>2</sub>/P<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub> {P<sub>CO</sub> P<sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</sub> - P<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub> P<sub>CO</sub><sub>2</sub> / K<sub>2</sub>}] / DEN<sup>2</sup>

k<sub>2</sub> = 1.96 * 10 <sup>6</sup> exp (- 67130/RT)

K<sub>2</sub> = exp (-3.798 + 4160/T)

||As an assignment,

Add two more Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions for the existing PFR system.

'''Feed Stream''' conditions and '''Plug-Flow Reactor''' parameters remain unchanged.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 15'''

'''Assignment'''

'''Overall Reaction:'''

CH<sub>4</sub> + 2H<sub>2</sub>O ⇔ 4H<sub>2</sub> + CO<sub>2</sub>

R<sub>3</sub> = [k<sub>3</sub>/P<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub><sup>3.5</sup> {P<sub>CH<sub>4</sub></sub> P<sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</sub><sup>2</sup> - P<sub>H<sub>2</sub></sub><sup>4</sup> P<sub>CO</sub><sub>2</sub> / K<sub>3</sub>}] / DEN<sup>2</sup>

k<sub>3</sub> = 1.02 * 10 <sup>15</sup> exp (- 243900/RT)

K<sub>3</sub> = exp (34.218 - 31266/T)

|| Here we give the reaction rates and its coefficients. 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 16'''

'''About the Spoken Tutorial Project'''
|| Watch the video available at following link.

'''http://spoken-tutorial.org/ '''

It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 17'''

'''Spoken Tutorial Workshops'''
|| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team

* Conducts workshops and
* Gives certificates.
* For more details, please write to us.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 18'''

'''Forum slide '''


Do you have questions in this '''Spoken Tutorial?''' 

Please visit this site 

Choose the minute and second where you have the question. 

Explain your question briefly. 

Someone from the FOSSEE team will answer them. 
||Please post your times queries in this forum. 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 19'''

'''DWSIM Flowsheeting Project''' 
||The '''FOSSEE''' team coordinates conversion of existing flow sheets into '''DWSIM.''' 

We give honorarium and certificates. 

For more details, please visit this site. 

|- 
||'''Slide Number 20'''

'''TextBook Companion Project''' 
||The '''FOSSEE''' team coordinates coding of solved examples of popular books. 

We give honorarium and certificates. 

For more details, please visit this site. 

|- 
||'''Slide Number 21'''

'''Lab Migration Project''' 
||The '''FOSSEE''' team helps migrate commercial simulator labs to '''DWSIM.''' 

We give honorarium and certificates. 

For more details, please visit this site. 
|-
|| '''Slide Number 22'''

'''Acknowledgements'''
|| '''Spoken Tutorial''' and '''FOSSEE''' projects are funded by '''NMEICT, MHRD''', Government of India.
|-
|| '''Slide Number 23'''

'''Thanks'''
|| This tutorial is contributed by Kaushik Datta and Priyam Nayak.

Thanks for joining.
|-
|}