View source for Advanced-C++/C2/Static-Members/English

'''Title of script''': Static in C++

'''Author: '''Ashwini Patil

'''Keywords: static, Video tutorial.'''



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| style="background-color:#ffffff;border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.018cm;padding-right:0.018cm;"| <center>'''Narration'''</center>

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Static keyowrd.

Static data memeber.

Static member functions.

We will do this with the help of examples.

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'''Ubuntu OS '''version 11.04

'''gcc '''and '''g++ compiler '''v. 4.6.1

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| style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:0.25pt solid #c0c0c0;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.018cm;padding-right:0.018cm;"| Let us start with the introduction to '''static'''.

'''Static''' means fixed, which cannot change.

The word justifies its meaning.

If a '''variable''' is defined as '''static, '''it means that it is initialized.

It will remain in the memory till the end of the program.

'''Static variables''' are initialized to zero before the first '''object''' is created.

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Members declared as '''static''' are the '''static data members'''.

The '''keyword''' specifies that the member is shared by all '''instance''' of the '''class.'''

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I have already typed the code on the editor.

I will explain it.

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'''stat.cpp'''
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Let me explain the code now.

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'''class statex '''

'''{ '''
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'''private: '''

'''int x; '''

'''public: '''

'''static int sum; '''
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'''static int sum; '''

'''statex() '''

'''{ '''

'''sum++; '''

'''x=sum; '''

'''}'''
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In this we have incremented''' sum.'''

Then value of''' sum '''is stored in''' x.'''

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'''static void stat() '''

'''{ '''

'''<nowiki>cout << "Result is: " << sum<<"\n"; </nowiki>'''

'''}'''
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We print the''' sum.'''

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'''void number() '''

'''{ '''

'''<nowiki>cout << "Number is: " << x<<"\n"; </nowiki>'''

'''}'''

'''};'''
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We print the''' x '''here.

Then class is closed.

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'''int statex::sum=0;'''



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To access a''' static variable '''we write as:''' '''

'''datatype classname::static var name.'''

Now the storage is allocated to variable '''sum'''.

It is initialized to '''0'''.

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'''int main()'''
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'''statex o1;'''
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Using the '''class''' name and scope resolution operator.

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'''o3.number();'''
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'''return 0;'''
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'''Ctrl, Alt and T '''keys simultaneously
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'''g++ stat.cpp -o st'''

To execute

Type

'''./st'''
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'''g++ stat.cpp -o st'''

To execute

Type

'''./st'''

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'''Output'''
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'''Result is: 1 '''

'''Number is: 2 '''

'''Number is: 3 '''

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'''Output'''
| style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:0.25pt solid #c0c0c0;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.018cm;padding-right:0.018cm;"| '''Let me explain the output now:'''

First the value of''' sum '''is''' 1. '''

Then '''sum''' is incemented now the value is''' 2.'''

Like this it is incremented till '''3.'''

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Now i will create one more object of '''class''' '''statex''' as '''o5.'''

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'''statex o5;'''
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Now click on save and let us execute and see.

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Compile and execute as before.

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Output
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'''Number is: 3 '''

'''Number is: 4 '''

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Let us come back to the slides.

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Summary
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'''static keyword.'''

'''Static data member.'''

'''Static function.'''

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Assignment
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Create a class that declares a '''static variable.'''

Decrement the variable.

And print the value.

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About the Spoken Tutorial Project
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It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project 

If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it

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Spoken Tutorial Workshops
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Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials 

Gives certificates to those who pass an online test 

For more details, please write to,

contact@spoken-tutorial.org

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Acknowledgement
| style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:0.25pt solid #c0c0c0;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.018cm;padding-right:0.018cm;"| Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project

It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of Indiaabout:startpage

More information on this Mission is available at: [http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro http://spoken-tutorial.org\NMEICT-Intro]

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| style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:0.25pt solid #c0c0c0;border-bottom:0.25pt solid #c0c0c0;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.018cm;padding-right:0.018cm;"| This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay signing off

Thank You for joining. 

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