View source for ExpEYES/C2/Conductivity-of-ionic-solutions/English-timed

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||'''Time'''
||'''Narration'''

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|00:01
| Hello everyone. Welcome to this tutorial on '''Conductivity of ionic solutions'''.

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|00:07
|In this tutorial, we will learnt to:

Measure '''Conductivity''' and
Calculate the '''resistance''' of ionic solutions. 

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|00:15
|Here, I am using:
'''ExpEYES''' version 3.1.0
'''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version 14.04

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|00:23
|To follow this tutorial, you should be familiar with '''ExpEYES Junior''' interface.
If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website.

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|00:35
|Let's first define '''conductivity''' of a solution.

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|00:38
|'''Conductivity''' of a solution is a measure of its ability to conduct electricity.

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|00:44
|'''Conductivity''' of water is directly related to the concentration of ions dissolved in it.

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|00:51
|Now we will demonstrate conductivity of tap water.

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|00:56
|I will explain the '''circuit''' connections. '''A1''' is connected to '''SINE'''.

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|01:02
|Wires from '''SINE''' and '''A2''' are dipped in glass tumbler containing tap water.

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|01:08
|A '''10K resistor''' is connected between '''A2''' and '''GND'''. This is the circuit diagram.

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|01:16
|Let's see the result on the '''Plot window'''.

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|01:20
|On the '''Plot window''', click on '''A1''' and drag to '''CH1'''. '''A1''' is assigned to '''CH1'''.

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|01:28
|Click on '''A2''' and drag to '''CH2'''.
'''A2''' is assigned to '''CH2'''.

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|01:35
|Move the '''mSec/div''' slider to adjust the waves. Two '''sine''' waves are generated.

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|01:43
|Black trace is the original '''sine''' wave. Red trace is '''conductivity''' of tap water.

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|01:50
|Click on '''CH1''' and drag to '''FIT'''. Click on '''CH2''' and drag to '''FIT'''.

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|01:56
|Observe the voltage and frequency values on the right side of the window. Notice that voltage of tap water is very less compared to the '''input voltage'''.

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|02:08
|Right click on '''CH1''' to see voltages and '''Phase''' difference in degree.

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|02:15
|Now we will measure conductivity of '''copper sulphate''' solution. To make the solution, one spatula of copper sulphate is dissolved in 100 ml of water.

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|02:27
|In the same connection, wires from '''SINE''' and '''A2''' are dipped in copper sulphate solution.

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|02:34
|On the '''Plot window''' we can see the '''conductivity curve'''.

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|02:38
|Red trace is conductivity of copper sulphate solution.

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|02:42
|Increased conductivity is due to '''copper''' and '''sulphate''' ions present in the solution.

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|02:48
|Observe the '''voltage''' and '''frequency''' values on the right.

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|02:52
|Right click on '''CH1''' to see voltages and '''Phase difference''' values.

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|02:59
|Now, we will measure conductivity of dilute sulphuric acid solution. A few drops of dilute sulphuric acid are added to water.

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|03:09
|Wires are dipped in sulphuric acid solution. Let's see the result on the '''Plot window.''' 
	
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|03:17
|Observe that black and red traces are almost coinciding with each other.

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|03:23
|Conductivity of tap water has increased on adding a few drops of dilute sulphuric acid.

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|03:30
|Observe the voltage and frequency values on the right.

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|03:34
|Right click on '''CH1''' to see voltages and '''Phase difference''' in degree.

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|03:41
|We will measure conductivity of dilute '''Potassium hydroxide''' solution. A few drops of dilute Potassium hydroxide solution are added to tap water.

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|03:52
|We can see that black and red traces are almost coinciding with each other.

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|03:58
|Notice the increased conductivity of tap water on adding a few drops of Potassium hydroxide solution.

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|04:05
|Observe the voltage and frequency values on the right side of the window.

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|04:11
|Right click on '''CH1''' to see voltages and Phase difference in degree.

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|04:18
|Using the voltage values we have calculated the resistance of '''ionic''' solutions and tabulated the results.

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|04:27
|Resistance value for tap water is '''7.7 KOhm''' (kilo ohm).
Resistance value for copper sulphate solution is '''1.2 KOhm'''.

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|04:38
| Sulphuric acid solution is '''0.17 KOhm''' and  potassium hydroxide solution is '''0.14 KOhm'''.
Notice that resistance values decreased with the increase in ionic concentration.

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|04:55
||Let's summarize.

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|04:57
|In this tutorial, we have learnt to:
Measure Conductivity and Calculate the '''resistance''' of '''ionic''' solutions. 

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|05:06
|As an assignment,
Using sodium hydroxide, acetic acid and sodium chloride solutions measure conductivity and calculate the resistance of ionic solutions.

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|05:18
|This video summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.

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|05:26
|We conduct workshops using '''Spoken Tutorials'''  and give certificates. Please contact us.

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|05:32
|The Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD Government of India.

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|05:39
|This tutorial is contributed by  Kaushik Datta and Madhuri Ganapathi.Thank you for joining.

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