View source for Biogas-Plant/C2/Generation-of-Biogas/English


{| style="border-spacing:0;"
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| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:0.75pt solid #000000;border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000;border-left:0.25pt solid #000000;border-right:0.75pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| <center>Narration</center>

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Cover Slide

Welcome friends to the Spoken Tutorial on “How to generate Biogas”.

| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:0.75pt solid #000000;border-bottom:0.75pt solid #666666;border-left:0.75pt solid #666666;border-right:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Hello friends and welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on “How to generate Biogas”.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide#2

Objectives:

* When to add raw material to the Biogas plant.
* Quantity of raw material to be added to the biogas plant.
* Use of slurry that is generated from the biogas plant.
* Biogas burner and it's connection process.

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| In this tutorial we will learn:

* When to add raw material to the Biogas plant.
* Quantity of raw material to be added to the biogas plant.
* Use of slurry that is generated from the biogas plant.
* Biogas burner and it's connection process.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| 
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| You will also see testimonials of Biogas users.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| [[Image:]]

Image-Caption: Building a Biogas Plant

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| In the earlier tutorial, we learnt how to build a biogas plant.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| [[Image:]] 

Image-Caption: Household food waste

[[Image:]]

Image-Caption: Cow Dung
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Recollect, an earlier tutorial that mentioned the raw materials to be added to the biogas plant are: 

* Household food waste and 
* Cowdung

Cowdung forms a favourable anaerobic environment for generation of biogas.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide#3

When should the raw material be added in the Biogas plant ?
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| So, when should the raw materials be added in the Biogas plant?

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| [[Image:]]

Image-Caption: Add raw-material to Biogas Plant on 18th day.

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Once the civil work is over, the plant is left for curing for 17 days.

On the 18th day, first load of raw materials can be fed into the plant.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| [[Image:]]

Image-Caption: Feeding the waste material to Biogas plant through inlet pipe
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| As shown in this figure, raw material should be fed into the mixing tank through the inlet pipe.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide 4

How much of the raw materials should be added to the biogas plant?

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| At this point, the important question is- 

How much raw material should be added to the biogas plant?

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Add approximately 600 kgs of cow-dung

And leave it for fermentation for 4 days

Next, add at least 25 Kilograms of raw materials daily to the plant

Along with this, add equal proportion of water

Which means a ratio of 1:1 has to be maintained 

For example, for 25 Kgs of raw material, 25 litres of water should be added.
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| The answer is for the first time production of biogas, add approximately 600 kgs of cow-dung.

And leave it for fermentation for 4 days

After 4 days, add at least 25 Kilograms of raw materials daily to the plant

Along with this, add equal proportion of water

Which means a ratio of 1:1 has to be maintained 

For example, for 25 Kgs of raw material, 25 litres of water should be added

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide 5

How to add the raw material into the inlet tank?
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Next we will learn how to add the raw material into the inlet tank.

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Image-Caption: Mixing of raw materials and water in the inlet tank. 
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| To add the raw material into the inlet tank 

* first, mix the raw material and water properly in the ratio of 1:1

* and then put this mixture into the feeding tank which is connected to the digester.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| [[Image:]]

Image-Caption: Plant left with mixture for fermentation
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Once the digester is completely filled with the mixture, leave the plant for fermentation.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| [[Image:]]

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Note that, the time required for fermentation depends upon-

* The climatic conditions of the respective region where the Biogas plant is set up.

For eg. fermentation in warmer regions will be quicker as compared to the cooler regions. 

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Image-Caption: Leave raw material for 4-5 days in the digester tank for fermentation.

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| So, in warmer regions, leave the raw material in the digester tank for 4-5 days.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| [[Image:]]

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Once the fermentation is completed, two things happen simultaneously-

# Gas being lighter starts accumulating in the upper part of the dome.

# and pressure generated by the gas pushes the slurry outside.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide 6

What are the different ways to use slurry?

[[Image:]]

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| The different ways to use this slurry are as follows:

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Image-Caption: Slurry being manually poured in the fields as manure.
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| * It can be directly sent into the farms through drains 
* It can be manually poured into the nearby fields or
* Can also be dried in drying pits to be used as dry manure.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide 7

Choosing the right burner for using the Biogas.
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Next, we will talk about choosing the right burner for using the Biogas.

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Image-Caption: Biogas Burner connected to Biogas Plant via Gas Conveyor Pipe
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| The gas that is generated in the plant is conveyed through the main gas pipe.

This main gas pipe should further be connected to an appropriate burner.

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Image Caption: Confused People

[@animator: Show question marks in the image.]
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| So which burner should be used?

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide 8

Two types of burners available are:

* Biogas burner 
* LPG burner

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| The two types of burners available are-

* Biogas burner 
* LPG burner

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| [[Image:]]

Image-Caption: No LPG Burners

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"|    

Please note, an LPG burner should not be used for Biogas.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Why LPG burner should not be used for Biogas?

The reason is-

LPG burners are specifically used for high compression LPG only.

Hence, LPG burners are not advisable for biogas usage.
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Why LPG burner should not be used for Biogas?

The reason is-

LPG burners are specifically used for high compression LPG only.

Hence, LPG burners are not advisable for biogas usage.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| [[Image:]]

Image Caption: Cast Iron Burner
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| For using Biogas, it is best to buy a burner made of Cast-Iron due to durability.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide 9

Two types of Biogas burner models are:

* Single burner model 
* Double burner model

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| It is to be noted that like LPG stoves, Biogas stoves are also available in single and double burner models.

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Image Caption: Typical Biogas Burner (Single Burner Model)
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Single burner stove is of 8 cubic feet size 

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| [[Image:]]

Image Caption: Typical Biogas Burner (Double Burner Model)
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Double burner stove is of 16 cubic feet size 

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide 10

Where to procure biogas burners from?

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| So, where to procure biogas burners from?

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| [[Image:]]

Image-Caption: KVIC, Govt. of India

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| To buy the biogas burner, one needs to contact-

The concerned State Office of Khadi & Village Industries Commission also know as KVIC.

You can get the further contact details in the downloadable section.

http://www.kviconline.gov.in

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide 11

How to confirm if Biogas has been generated?
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| To confirm the generation of Biogas do the following.

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Image-Caption: Lighting matchstick to check if biogas is generated.
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Light the burner and check the flame for Biogas.

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Image-Caption: Family using Biogas for cooking
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| The gas generated will be sufficient for the cooking needs of a family of 4-5 members.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide 12


Do’s and Don’ts for running a Biogas plant
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Some Do’s and Don’ts for running a Biogas plant are-

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Image-Caption: Slurry Tank kept open

[[Image:]]

Image-Caption: Covered Slurry Tank
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| On a daily basis:   

* Check flow of the waste from the Mixing tank into the Digester tank.

* Check that the slurry is flowing out of the slurry tank 

* Do not keep the Mixing tank and Slurry tank uncovered. 

* Both tanks should be kept covered to avoid accidents.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide 13

Safety measures to be followed when using the biogas burner
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Some safety measures to be followed when using the biogas burner.

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Image-Caption: Switch OFF the safety valve when the burner is not in use. 

[[Image:]]

Image-Caption: Removing condensed water. 
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| * After every 4-5 days, drain out condensed water if any

* In case, gas is not going to be used for a long time, switch OFF the safety valve.

* This will ensure that the gas makes it’s way out from the outlet tank along with the slurry.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide 14

Now you will see Testimonials of some happy users.

These will mention about

* how convenient it is to use Biogas for cooking
* time-savings
* money-savings
* health and hygiene improvement

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Now you will see Testimonial of some happy users. They will mention about

* How convenient it is to use Biogas for cooking which saves time, money and helps in

health and hygiene

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Testimonials
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| * Hello, my name is Suresh Sahadev Manjrekar and this is my wife Supriya Suresh Manjrekar 
* We are a family of five people and we have 2 cows  
* Every day I put 25kgs of cowdung mixed in equal quantity of water into these mixing tank of the biogas plant.  
* I have also connected the toilet to the biogas plant. You can see the toilet just behind me  
* Using biogas is very easy. It saves time and money  
* Earlier I used to walk 25 minutes to collect firewood, now I don’t go anywhere to collect firewood 
* Also, the slurry that comes out of the plant is collected in a pit which is 2 and a half feet deep
* The slurry is then directed in a drain towards the fields 
* I am very happy using biogas

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide#15

Summary:

The concepts learnt in this tutorial-

We have learnt:

* When to add raw material to the Biogas plant.
* Quantity of raw material to be added to the biogas plant.
* Use of slurry that is generated from the biogas plant.
* Biogas burner and it's connection process.

Testimonials from Biogas users
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Summary:

In this tutorial We have learnt:

* When to add raw material to the Biogas plant.
* Quantity of raw material to be added to the biogas plant. 
* Different ways to use the slurry
* Different types of Biogas stoves

Testimonials from Biogas users

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide#16

Acknowledgement Slide

This video was created by:

Spoken Tutorial project with inputs from Rural-ICT team IIT Bombay

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| This video was created by Spoken Tutorial Project with inputs from Rural-ICT team, IIT Bombay.

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Slide#17

Acknowledgement

More information on these projects can be found at these links

http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro

[http://ruralict.cse.iitb.ac.in/ http://ruralict.cse.iitb.ac.in]

| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| More information on these projects can be found at these links.

http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro

[http://ruralict.cse.iitb.ac.in/ http://ruralict.cse.iitb.ac.in]

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| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| 
| style="background-color:transparent;border:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| Pictures and technology support:

Courtesy:

Bhagirath Rural Development Foundation

Village- Zarap, Taluka- Kudal,

Dist.- Sindhudurg 

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| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:0.75pt solid #666666;border-left:0.75pt solid #666666;border-right:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| 
| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:0.75pt solid #666666;border-left:0.75pt solid #666666;border-right:0.75pt solid #666666;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.212cm;padding-right:0.212cm;"| This is Bella Tony along with the

animation team of the Spoken

Tutorial project signing off.

Thank you for joining.

|}