Difference between revisions of "Waste-Management/C2/Wet-waste-management-composting/English"

From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
Jump to: navigation, search
Line 18: Line 18:
  
 
Title Slide
 
Title Slide
−
 
−
 
  
 
|| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Wet waste management composting.'''
 
|| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Wet waste management composting.'''
Line 25: Line 23:
 
|-
 
|-
 
||  
 
||  
−
|| In this tutorial, we will discuss,
+
|| In this tutorial, we will discuss another method of treating municipal solid waste called composting.
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
Another method of treating municipal solid waste is called composting.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 34: Line 29:
  
 
[[Image:]]
 
[[Image:]]
−
|| Follow this simple step-by-step guide for Home composting.
+
|| Follow this simple step-by-step guide for home composting.
  
  
Line 47: Line 42:
  
  
−
Compost takes about 30 days to be created in home composting conditions.
+
Compost takes about 30 days to be created in home-composting conditions.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 58: Line 53:
  
  
−
If not, drill suitable sized holes on the sides, bottom and lid of the container.
+
If not, drill suitable-sized holes on the sides, bottom, and the lid of the container.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 78: Line 73:
 
* Strain as much water as possible from any leftover food item before adding it into the compost bin.
 
* Strain as much water as possible from any leftover food item before adding it into the compost bin.
 
* Try to make small pieces (not paste) of the waste before adding it in.
 
* Try to make small pieces (not paste) of the waste before adding it in.
−
 
−
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 88: Line 81:
  
 
Sprinkle a few drops of buttermilk (if desired) and some garden soil on top to ensure the waste is fully covered.
 
Sprinkle a few drops of buttermilk (if desired) and some garden soil on top to ensure the waste is fully covered.
−
 
−
 
−
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 105: Line 95:
 
[[Image:]]
 
[[Image:]]
 
|| '''Step 7'''
 
|| '''Step 7'''
−
 
−
 
 
* Repeat this process daily.  
 
* Repeat this process daily.  
−
* Everyday prior to adding the waste, check the contents for moisture/smell.  
+
* Every day prior to adding the waste, check the contents for moisture/smell.  
 
* Wipe any water droplets off the cover.
 
* Wipe any water droplets off the cover.
−
 
−
 
−
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Image
 
|| Image
Line 122: Line 107:
 
* For a family of 3-4 people, generally 2 containers are sufficient.
 
* For a family of 3-4 people, generally 2 containers are sufficient.
 
* Keep a record of start and end dates for every container.
 
* Keep a record of start and end dates for every container.
−
 
−
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 133: Line 116:
 
In about 30-35 days, the compost will be ready.
 
In about 30-35 days, the compost will be ready.
  
−
|-
 
 
|| Image
 
|| Image
  
−
 
+
[[Image:]] as per narration
−
 
+
 
|| '''Home Composting FAQs'''
 
|| '''Home Composting FAQs'''
−
 
  
 
FAQ 1: My compost bin is smelling unpleasant. What should I do?
 
FAQ 1: My compost bin is smelling unpleasant. What should I do?
Line 145: Line 125:
  
 
The reasons could be  
 
The reasons could be  
−
 
 
# too much moisture/watery contents
 
# too much moisture/watery contents
−
# less/no aeration, lumpy contents  
+
# less/no aeration, lumpy contents or
 +
# improper addition of waste
 +
|| Image
  
−
or
+
[[Image:]] as per narration
  
−
# improper addition of waste
+
||Solution: Try one/more of these steps:
−
 
+
−
Solution: Try one/more of these steps:
+
  
  
Line 164: Line 143:
 
# If you are using a plastic bin/ bucket, try to add more holes/perforations
 
# If you are using a plastic bin/ bucket, try to add more holes/perforations
 
# Try to dry the wet waste before adding
 
# Try to dry the wet waste before adding
−
 
−
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Image
 
|| Image
  
−
 
+
[[Image:]] as per narration
  
 
|| FAQ 2:  
 
|| FAQ 2:  
Line 177: Line 154:
  
  
−
Explanation: The reason could be that the contents are too dry.  
+
Explanation: The reason could be that the contents are too wet.  
  
 
There needs to be additional dry components added to the compost to enable an efficient process.
 
There needs to be additional dry components added to the compost to enable an efficient process.
Line 183: Line 160:
  
 
Items such as egg shells/ dry leaves/ old soil/ hard stems of vegetables can be added as the dry component.
 
Items such as egg shells/ dry leaves/ old soil/ hard stems of vegetables can be added as the dry component.
−
 
+
|-
−
 
+
||[[Image:]] as per narration
−
Solutions:
+
||Solutions:
−
 
+
−
 
+
 
# Sprinkle (don’t pour) water on top
 
# Sprinkle (don’t pour) water on top
 
# Try to add more green waste
 
# Try to add more green waste
Line 194: Line 169:
  
 
For eg: buttermilk, EM solution, old compost
 
For eg: buttermilk, EM solution, old compost
−
 
−
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Image
 
|| Image
  
−
 
+
[[Image:]] as per narration
  
 
|| FAQ 3: What ‘culture’ is to be used for ‘fast’ composting?
 
|| FAQ 3: What ‘culture’ is to be used for ‘fast’ composting?
Line 209: Line 182:
  
 
A culture is not essential for composting to start.
 
A culture is not essential for composting to start.
−
 
+
|-
−
 
+
||[[Image:]] as per narration
−
Solution: the following things can be used as culture
+
||Solution: the following things can be used as culture
  
 
A slurry of  
 
A slurry of  
Line 220: Line 193:
 
* Garden soil  
 
* Garden soil  
 
* Jeevamrut or EM solutions which are easily available in the market, can also be used.
 
* Jeevamrut or EM solutions which are easily available in the market, can also be used.
−
 
−
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Image
 
|| Image
 +
 +
[[Image:]] as per narration
 
|| FAQ 4: What should I do if there are maggots/slugs in the compost bin?
 
|| FAQ 4: What should I do if there are maggots/slugs in the compost bin?
  
  
 
Explanation: Maggots/ slugs don’t harm the compost or you.
 
Explanation: Maggots/ slugs don’t harm the compost or you.
 +
|-
 +
||[[Image:]] as per narration
 +
||Solution: Can be avoided by putting netting on the bigger holes in the compost bin
  
−
 
−
Solution: Can be avoided by putting netting on the bigger holes in the compost bin
 
−
 
−
.
 
  
 
Additionally, always cover the bin contents with dry leaves as the top layer.
 
Additionally, always cover the bin contents with dry leaves as the top layer.
−
 
−
 
−
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Image
 
|| Image
 +
 +
[[Image:]] as per narration
 
|| FAQ 5: What organic waste should not be added to the compost bin?
 
|| FAQ 5: What organic waste should not be added to the compost bin?
  
  
−
Answer: Although anything that comes from the earth can go back to it, there are some exceptions.  
+
Solution: Although anything that comes from the earth can go back to it, there are some exceptions.  
  
  
 
All organic matter take different times to decompose.  
 
All organic matter take different times to decompose.  
−
 
+
|-
−
 
+
||[[Image:]] as per narration
−
Items like coconut shells, chicken/ fish bones, etc. take a very long time in the home compost bin.
+
||Items like coconut shells, chicken/ fish bones, etc. take a very long time in the home compost bin.
  
  
 
They need to be shredded or broken into tiny pieces to decompose faster.
 
They need to be shredded or broken into tiny pieces to decompose faster.
−
 
−
 
−
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Image
 
|| Image
 +
 +
[[Image:]] as per narration
 
|| FAQ 6: How do I know the compost is ready? What to do with the compost after it is ready?
 
|| FAQ 6: How do I know the compost is ready? What to do with the compost after it is ready?
  
  
−
Answer: Ready compost is black, soil-like matter with an earthy smell.
+
Ready compost is black, soil-like matter with an earthy smell.
−
 
+
|-
−
 
+
||[[Image:]] as per narration
−
Sieving might be required to remove any non-composted parts.
+
||Sieving might be required to remove any non-composted parts.
  
  
 
It can be used in the home garden/pots, along with soil and coconut husk to grow fresh plants.
 
It can be used in the home garden/pots, along with soil and coconut husk to grow fresh plants.
−
 
+
|-
−
 
+
||[[Image:]] as per narration
−
Compost should be properly dried before storing it.
+
||Compost should be properly dried before storing it.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|| Image
+
|| Image[[Image:]] as per narration
 
|| Let us summarize.
 
|| Let us summarize.
  
−
In this tutorial we learnt about:
+
In this tutorial we learnt about wet waste management composting.
−
 
+
−
* Wet waste management composting
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 295: Line 261:
 
* primarily to improve waste management
 
* primarily to improve waste management
 
* and reduce environmental pollution.
 
* and reduce environmental pollution.
−
 
−
 
−
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Spoken Tutorial Project Slide
 
|| Spoken Tutorial Project Slide

Revision as of 14:57, 28 June 2022

Title of the script: Wet waste management composting

Author: Ritika

Reviewer: Nancy Varkey

Keywords: wet waste management composting, container for composting


Visual cue
Narration.
Slide No 1

Title Slide

Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Wet waste management composting.
In this tutorial, we will discuss another method of treating municipal solid waste called composting.
Image

[[Image:]]

Follow this simple step-by-step guide for home composting.


Step 1

Select any large container (basket/ earthen pot/ bin) with a height of not more than 3 feet, with a suitable width.

Suitable to fit sufficient amount of wet waste generated by the family.


It is assumed that a family of 4 generates 600-700 gms of wet waste per day.


Compost takes about 30 days to be created in home-composting conditions.

Image

[[Image:]]

Step 2

Ensure that it has proper aeration.


If not, drill suitable-sized holes on the sides, bottom, and the lid of the container.

Image

[[Image:]]

Step 3

Add dry leaves/lump-free old compost/ loose soil/ loose coconut husk at the bottom of the container.

Image

[[Image:]]

Step 4
  • Add your kitchen waste to the compost bin.
  • Ensure that you put the kitchen waste in lightly, without pressing down hard.
  • Strain as much water as possible from any leftover food item before adding it into the compost bin.
  • Try to make small pieces (not paste) of the waste before adding it in.
Image

[[Image:]]

Step 5

Sprinkle a few drops of buttermilk (if desired) and some garden soil on top to ensure the waste is fully covered.

Image

[[Image:]]

Step 6

Properly cover the bin with a lid from the top.

Image

[[Image:]]

Step 7
  • Repeat this process daily.
  • Every day prior to adding the waste, check the contents for moisture/smell.
  • Wipe any water droplets off the cover.
Image

[[Image:]]

Step 8
  • Start the same process with another container, once the first container is about 80% full.
  • For a family of 3-4 people, generally 2 containers are sufficient.
  • Keep a record of start and end dates for every container.
Image

[[Image:]]

Step 9

In about 30-35 days, the compost will be ready.

Image

[[Image:]] as per narration

Home Composting FAQs

FAQ 1: My compost bin is smelling unpleasant. What should I do?


The reasons could be

  1. too much moisture/watery contents
  2. less/no aeration, lumpy contents or
  3. improper addition of waste
Image

[[Image:]] as per narration

Solution: Try one/more of these steps:


  1. Churn the contents
  2. Try to cut long stems into pieces of about 1-2 inches
  3. Loosen the waste while adding and don’t press down after adding
  4. If more waste is to be added on the same day, make alternate layers of waste and dry leaves/loose soil
  5. Add more soil/ dry leaves/ cocopeat/ shredded paper
  6. Keep the bin open for some time for moisture to escape
  7. If you are using a plastic bin/ bucket, try to add more holes/perforations
  8. Try to dry the wet waste before adding
Image

[[Image:]] as per narration

FAQ 2:

My composting process seems to be going slowly. What can I do?


Explanation: The reason could be that the contents are too wet.

There needs to be additional dry components added to the compost to enable an efficient process.


Items such as egg shells/ dry leaves/ old soil/ hard stems of vegetables can be added as the dry component.

[[Image:]] as per narration Solutions:
  1. Sprinkle (don’t pour) water on top
  2. Try to add more green waste
  3. Try to shred the hard contents to as small a size as possible prior to adding it to the compost bin
  4. Sometimes adding a different source of bacterium helps.

For eg: buttermilk, EM solution, old compost

Image

[[Image:]] as per narration

FAQ 3: What ‘culture’ is to be used for ‘fast’ composting?


Explanation: Culture is a mixture of microbes used to speed up or aid the composting process.


A culture is not essential for composting to start.

[[Image:]] as per narration Solution: the following things can be used as culture

A slurry of

  • Cow dung,
  • Buttermilk,
  • A handful of old compost
  • Garden soil
  • Jeevamrut or EM solutions which are easily available in the market, can also be used.
Image

[[Image:]] as per narration

FAQ 4: What should I do if there are maggots/slugs in the compost bin?


Explanation: Maggots/ slugs don’t harm the compost or you.

[[Image:]] as per narration Solution: Can be avoided by putting netting on the bigger holes in the compost bin


Additionally, always cover the bin contents with dry leaves as the top layer.

Image

[[Image:]] as per narration

FAQ 5: What organic waste should not be added to the compost bin?


Solution: Although anything that comes from the earth can go back to it, there are some exceptions.


All organic matter take different times to decompose.

[[Image:]] as per narration Items like coconut shells, chicken/ fish bones, etc. take a very long time in the home compost bin.


They need to be shredded or broken into tiny pieces to decompose faster.

Image

[[Image:]] as per narration

FAQ 6: How do I know the compost is ready? What to do with the compost after it is ready?


Ready compost is black, soil-like matter with an earthy smell.

[[Image:]] as per narration Sieving might be required to remove any non-composted parts.


It can be used in the home garden/pots, along with soil and coconut husk to grow fresh plants.

[[Image:]] as per narration Compost should be properly dried before storing it.
Image[[Image:]] as per narration Let us summarize.

In this tutorial we learnt about wet waste management composting.

Green Communities Foundation slide


Green Communities Foundation greencf.org
  • is a ‘not for profit’ organisation
  • primarily to improve waste management
  • and reduce environmental pollution.
Spoken Tutorial Project Slide


Spoken Tutorial Project, IIT Bombay is funded by NMEICT, MoE, Govt. of India.


For more details, please visit http://spoken-tutorial.org

THANK YOU slide


This tutorial has been contributed by
  • Green Communities Foundation
  • and the Spoken Tutorial Project, IIT Bombay.

This is Nancy Varkey signing off. Thanks for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Arthi, Nancyvarkey

Retrieved from "https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Waste-Management/C2/Wet-waste-management-composting/English&oldid=55957"