Difference between revisions of "OpenFOAM-version-7/C2/Simulating-Hagen-Poiseuille-flow-through-a-pipe-in-OpenFOAM/English"

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Line 20: Line 20:
 
* Set up the '''boundary''' and '''initial''' '''conditions'''
 
* Set up the '''boundary''' and '''initial''' '''conditions'''
 
* Set up the '''physical properties'''
 
* Set up the '''physical properties'''
−
* Set up the '''solve & write control parameter '''and
+
* Set up the '''solve''' & '''write control parameter '''and
−
* Run the '''simulation'''
+
* '''Run''' the '''simulation'''
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 41: Line 41:
  
 
* You should be familiar with '''Hagen Poiseuille flow''' and basic '''Fluid Dynamics '''concepts
 
* You should be familiar with '''Hagen Poiseuille flow''' and basic '''Fluid Dynamics '''concepts
−
* You should also be familiar with creation of a '''3D pipe Geometry''' in '''OpenFOAM'''
+
* You should also be familiar with creation of a '''3D pipe''' geometry in '''OpenFOAM'''
 
* If you are not, please go through the prerequisite '''OpenFOAM '''tutorial on this website.
 
* If you are not, please go through the prerequisite '''OpenFOAM '''tutorial on this website.
  
Line 47: Line 47:
 
|| Slide: Code Files
 
|| Slide: Code Files
 
||  
 
||  
−
* The files used in this tutorial are available in the '''Code''' '''Files''' link on this tutorial page  
+
* The files used in this tutorial are available in the '''Code Files''' link on this tutorial page  
 
* Please download and extract them
 
* Please download and extract them
 
* Make a copy and then use them while practising
 
* Make a copy and then use them while practising
Line 57: Line 57:
 
This describes the '''problem statement'''.
 
This describes the '''problem statement'''.
  
−
* The '''diameter''' of the '''pipe''' is 1 centimeter and its '''length''' is 30 centimeters.
+
* The diameter of the '''pipe''' is 1 centimeter and its length is 30 centimeters.
−
* It has one '''inlet''', one '''outlet''' and a '''cylindrical''' '''wall'''.
+
* It has one '''inlet''', one '''outlet''' and a '''cylindrical wall'''.
  
−
* The fluid here is water''' '''and its '''kinematic viscosity''' is taken as '''1e-06'''.
+
* The fluid here is water and its '''kinematic viscosity''' is taken as '''1e to the power minus 6'''.
  
−
* The '''Inlet velocity '''is '''0.025 m/s '''and''' the Outlet pressure '''is''' 0 Pascals '''as shown in the diagram.
+
* The '''Inlet velocity '''is '''0.025 metres per second '''and the '''Outlet pressure '''is''' 0 Pascals '''as shown in the diagram.
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 78: Line 78:
 
Highlight''' 0.15 m'''
 
Highlight''' 0.15 m'''
  
−
|| Let us check whether our '''geometry''' is suitable or not.
+
|| Let us check whether our geometry is suitable or not.
  
−
* '''Reynolds number''' of the problem is '''250'''.  
+
* '''Reynolds number''' of the '''problem''' is '''250'''.  
  
−
* Hence, the flow is '''laminar'''.
+
* Hence, the '''flow''' is '''laminar'''.
  
−
* For '''fully developed flow''', length of the '''geometry''' should be greater than the '''Entrance length'''.
+
* For '''fully developed flow''', length of the geometry should be greater than the '''Entrance length'''.
  
 
* '''Entrance length''' can be calculated by this '''formula'''.
 
* '''Entrance length''' can be calculated by this '''formula'''.
  
−
* The length we have taken is greater than the '''entrance length'''.
+
* The length we have taken is greater than the '''Entrance length'''.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| Slide: Solver detail
 
|| Slide: Solver detail
 
||  
 
||  
−
* To simulate this problem, we will use the '''icoFoam''' solver.
+
* To '''simulate''' this problem, we will use the '''icoFoam solver'''.
  
−
* '''icoFoam''' is a''' transient solver''' for '''incompressible''', '''laminar flow''' of '''Newtonian fluids'''.
+
* '''icoFoam''' is a''' transient solver''' for '''incompressible, laminar flow''' of '''Newtonian fluids'''.
  
−
* This is the most '''suitable solver''' for '''Hagen Poiseuille flow.'''
+
* This is the most suitable '''solver''' for '''Hagen Poiseuille flow.'''
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 108: Line 108:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| Slide: Velocity Boundary Condition
 
|| Slide: Velocity Boundary Condition
−
|| The''' Velocity boundary condition''' used are,
+
|| The''' Velocity boundary conditions''' used are,
  
 
* At '''inlet - fixed value'''
 
* At '''inlet - fixed value'''
Line 119: Line 119:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| Press Ctrl + Alt + T keys
 
|| Press Ctrl + Alt + T keys
−
|| Open the '''terminal''' by pressing the '''Ctrl''', '''Alt''' and '''T''' keys together.
+
|| Open the '''terminal''' by pressing the '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''T''' keys together.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [Terminal]
 
|| [Terminal]
Line 129: Line 129:
  
 
'''cd $FOAM_RUN'''
 
'''cd $FOAM_RUN'''
−
|| At the '''prompt''', type the following '''command''' to go to the '''run directory'''.
+
|| At the '''prompt''', type the following '''command''' to go to the '''RUN directory'''.
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 141: Line 141:
  
 
'''mv 0.Orig 0'''
 
'''mv 0.Orig 0'''
−
|| Now, '''rename''' '''0.Orig''' folder to''' 0''' by typing this '''command'''.
+
|| Now, rename '''zero dot Orig''' folder to''' zero''' by typing this '''command'''.
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 178: Line 178:
 
|| Right after '''dimensions''', we have to define the '''initial condition'''.
 
|| Right after '''dimensions''', we have to define the '''initial condition'''.
  
−
It could be '''uniform''', '''non-uniform''' or in the form of '''code'''.
+
It could be '''uniform, non-uniform''' or in the form of code.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [gedit - '''p'''] Highlight
 
|| [gedit - '''p'''] Highlight
  
 
'''uniform 0;'''
 
'''uniform 0;'''
−
|| In this case, we will use the '''initial condition''' as''' uniform 0'''.
+
|| In this case, we will use the '''initial condition''' as''' uniform zero'''.
  
−
This means that the '''kinematic pressure''' inside the entire '''domain''' is '''0'''.
+
This means that the '''kinematic pressure''' inside the entire '''domain''' is '''zero'''.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [gedit - '''p'''] Highlight
 
|| [gedit - '''p'''] Highlight
Line 245: Line 245:
  
 
'''internalField uniform (0 0 0);'''
 
'''internalField uniform (0 0 0);'''
−
|| '''Velocity''' is a '''vector field''', so the '''internal initial field''' is set as '''uniform (0 0 0)'''.
+
|| '''Velocity''' is a '''vector field'''.
 +
 
 +
So the '''internal initial field''' is set as '''uniform (0 0 0)'''.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [gedit - '''U'''] Highlight
 
|| [gedit - '''U'''] Highlight
Line 278: Line 280:
  
 
'''value uniform (0 0 0.025);'''
 
'''value uniform (0 0 0.025);'''
−
|| Type of the '''boundary condition''' is '''fixedValue'''.
+
|| '''Type''' of the '''boundary condition''' is '''fixedValue'''.
  
−
Value of '''velocity''' is 0.025 m/s in the '''Z direction'''.
+
Value of '''velocity''' is '''0.025 meters per second''' in the '''Z direction'''.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [gedit - '''U'''] Highlight
 
|| [gedit - '''U'''] Highlight
Line 287: Line 289:
 
|| '''Boundary condition''' for the '''wall''' is defined as '''noSlip'''.
 
|| '''Boundary condition''' for the '''wall''' is defined as '''noSlip'''.
  
−
This means '''velocity''' at the '''wall '''is '''0'''.
+
This means '''velocity''' at the '''wall '''is '''zero'''.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [gedit - '''U'''] Highlight
 
|| [gedit - '''U'''] Highlight
Line 312: Line 314:
  
 
'''[0 2 -1 0 0 0 0]'''
 
'''[0 2 -1 0 0 0 0]'''
−
|| Dimensions of '''kinematic viscosity''' are specified here.
+
|| '''Dimensions''' of '''kinematic viscosity''' are specified here.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [gedit - '''transportProperties''']
 
|| [gedit - '''transportProperties''']
  
 
'''Change: 0.01 >> 1e-06'''
 
'''Change: 0.01 >> 1e-06'''
−
|| To set the value of '''nu,''' replace '''0.01''' to '''1e-06'''.
+
|| To set the value of '''nu,''' replace '''0.01''' to '''1e to the power minus 6'''.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| CTRL+S >> Close Text Editor
 
|| CTRL+S >> Close Text Editor
Line 347: Line 349:
 
|| [gedit - '''controlDict'''] '''Paste '''
 
|| [gedit - '''controlDict'''] '''Paste '''
  
−
|| and paste the copied contents into the “'''controlDict” '''file as shown here.
+
|| And paste the copied contents into the “'''controlDict” '''file as shown here.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [gedit - '''controlDict'''] Highlight
 
|| [gedit - '''controlDict'''] Highlight
Line 365: Line 367:
 
Our '''simulation''' will start from the value specified in '''start time'''.
 
Our '''simulation''' will start from the value specified in '''start time'''.
  
−
Here our '''start time''' is set to '''0'''.
+
Here our '''start time''' is set to '''zero'''.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [gedit - '''controlDict'''] Highlight
 
|| [gedit - '''controlDict'''] Highlight
Line 379: Line 381:
  
 
'''deltaT 1e-2;'''
 
'''deltaT 1e-2;'''
−
|| Then the value of '''deltaT''' is given, which is '''1e-02'''.
+
|| Then the value of '''delta T''' is given, which is '''1e to the power minus 2'''.
  
−
So, it will '''simulate''' for '''5 seconds''' with in a '''1e-02 time step'''.
+
So, it will '''simulate''' for '''5 seconds''' with in a '''1e to the power minus 2 time step'''.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [gedit - '''controlDict'''] Highlight
 
|| [gedit - '''controlDict'''] Highlight
  
 
'''writeInterval 100;'''
 
'''writeInterval 100;'''
−
|| '''Write interval''' is 100. So it will print and save every 100 '''time-step value''' that '''OpenFOAM''' solves.
+
|| '''writeInterval''' is 100.  
  
−
So we will get '''results''' written for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 seconds.
+
So it will print and save every 100 '''time-step value''' that '''OpenFOAM solves'''.
 +
 
 +
So we will get results written for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 '''seconds'''.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [gedit - '''controlDict'''] Highlight
 
|| [gedit - '''controlDict'''] Highlight
Line 395: Line 399:
 
|| '''OpenFOAM''' gives the option to save only the last few '''time steps. '''
 
|| '''OpenFOAM''' gives the option to save only the last few '''time steps. '''
  
−
To enable that option, you can use the '''purgeWrite''' value.
+
To enable that option, you can use the '''purgeWrite value'''.
  
 
By changing it to 2, we will get the 2 latest updated '''time-step''' results.  
 
By changing it to 2, we will get the 2 latest updated '''time-step''' results.  
Line 401: Line 405:
 
The old files will automatically be deleted.
 
The old files will automatically be deleted.
  
−
At the end of the '''simulation''' we will get results of 4 & 5 seconds.
+
At the end of the '''simulation''' we will get results of 4 and 5 '''seconds'''.
  
 
This option will save''' space''' on your computer.
 
This option will save''' space''' on your computer.
Line 418: Line 422:
 
|| We are done setting up the '''case'''.  
 
|| We are done setting up the '''case'''.  
  
−
and now we will '''run''' the '''simulation'''.
+
And now we will '''run''' the '''simulation'''.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| [Terminal] Type: '''icoFoam'''
 
|| [Terminal] Type: '''icoFoam'''
Line 445: Line 449:
 
* We will get an '''inlet pressure''' value of '''2.4 Pascals'''.  
 
* We will get an '''inlet pressure''' value of '''2.4 Pascals'''.  
  
−
* '''Maximum velocity''' will be twice of average '''velocity''' as per '''analytical solution'''.
+
* '''Maximum velocity''' will be twice of average '''velocity,''' as per '''analytical solution'''.
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| Slide: Result Comparison
 
|| Slide: Result Comparison
 
||  
 
||  
 
* From the '''simulation''' we get,
 
* From the '''simulation''' we get,
−
** '''Maximum velocity''' 0.05 m/s and  
+
** '''Maximum velocity''' 0.05 metres per second and  
 
** '''inlet Pressure 2.8 Pascals.'''
 
** '''inlet Pressure 2.8 Pascals.'''
  
−
* In '''CFD''', there are always some deviations in results of '''analytical''' and '''numerical''' '''solutions'''.
+
* In '''CFD''', there are always some deviations in results of '''analytical''' and '''numerical solutions'''.
  
 
* We will discuss '''results''' in details later in this series.
 
* We will discuss '''results''' in details later in this series.
Line 467: Line 471:
 
|| In this tutorial, we have learnt to,
 
|| In this tutorial, we have learnt to,
  
−
* Set up the '''boundary''' and '''initial''' '''conditions'''
+
* Set up the '''boundary''' and '''initial conditions'''
 
* Set up the '''physical properties'''
 
* Set up the '''physical properties'''
−
* Set up the '''solve & write control parameter '''and
+
* Set up the '''solve''' & '''write control parameter '''and
−
* Run the '''simulation'''
+
* '''Run''' the '''simulation'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Slide: About the Spoken Tutorial Project
 
|| Slide: About the Spoken Tutorial Project
Line 483: Line 487:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Slide: Spoken Tutorial Forum
 
|| Slide: Spoken Tutorial Forum
−
||  
+
|| Please post your timed queries in this forum.
−
* Please post your timed queries in this forum.
+
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Slide: FOSSEE Forum
 
|| Slide: FOSSEE Forum
Line 493: Line 496:
 
|| Slide: FOSSEE Case Study Project
 
|| Slide: FOSSEE Case Study Project
 
||  
 
||  
−
* The FOSSEE team coordinates solving feasible CFD problems of reasonable complexity using OpenFOAM.
+
* The FOSSEE team coordinates solving feasible '''CFD''' problems of reasonable complexity using '''OpenFOAM'''.
 
* We give honorarium and certificates to those who do this.
 
* We give honorarium and certificates to those who do this.
 
* For more details, please visit these sites.
 
* For more details, please visit these sites.

Latest revision as of 21:42, 22 July 2020

Title of the script: Simulating Hagen Poiseuille flow through a pipe in OpenFOAM

Author: Divyesh Variya

Keywords: OpenFOAM, Hagen Poiseuille, Pipe flow, icoFoam, controlDict, Video-Tutorial


Visual Cue Narration
Slide: Opening Slide Welcome to this tutorial on Simulating Hagen Poiseuille flow through a pipe in OpenFOAM.
Slide: Learning Objective In this tutorial, we will learn to,
  • Set up the boundary and initial conditions
  • Set up the physical properties
  • Set up the solve & write control parameter and
  • Run the simulation
Slide: System Specifications To record this tutorial, I am using,
  • Ubuntu Linux OS version 18.04
  • OpenFOAM version 7
  • ParaView version 5.6.0 and
  • gedit Text editor

You may use any other text editor of your choice.

Slide: Prerequisites


As a prerequisite:
  • You should be familiar with Hagen Poiseuille flow and basic Fluid Dynamics concepts
  • You should also be familiar with creation of a 3D pipe geometry in OpenFOAM
  • If you are not, please go through the prerequisite OpenFOAM tutorial on this website.
Slide: Code Files
  • The files used in this tutorial are available in the Code Files link on this tutorial page
  • Please download and extract them
  • Make a copy and then use them while practising
Slide: Problem Setup In this diagram, a section view of a 3D pipe is shown.

This describes the problem statement.

  • The diameter of the pipe is 1 centimeter and its length is 30 centimeters.
  • It has one inlet, one outlet and a cylindrical wall.
  • The fluid here is water and its kinematic viscosity is taken as 1e to the power minus 6.
  • The Inlet velocity is 0.025 metres per second and the Outlet pressure is 0 Pascals as shown in the diagram.
Slide: Geometry Check

Highlight 250

Highlight laminar

Only Narration


Le = 0.06*Re*D

Highlight 0.15 m

Let us check whether our geometry is suitable or not.
  • Reynolds number of the problem is 250.
  • Hence, the flow is laminar.
  • For fully developed flow, length of the geometry should be greater than the Entrance length.
  • Entrance length can be calculated by this formula.
  • The length we have taken is greater than the Entrance length.
Slide: Solver detail
  • To simulate this problem, we will use the icoFoam solver.
  • icoFoam is a transient solver for incompressible, laminar flow of Newtonian fluids.
  • This is the most suitable solver for Hagen Poiseuille flow.
Slide : Pressure Boundary Condition The Pressure boundary conditions used are,
  • At inlet - zero gradient
  • At outlet - fixed Pressure and
  • At wall - zero gradient
Slide: Velocity Boundary Condition The Velocity boundary conditions used are,
  • At inlet - fixed value
  • At outlet - zero Gradient and
  • At wall - No Slip
Only Narration We will use the mesh that we have created in the tutorial “Creating 3D Pipe Geometry and Mesh in OpenFoam”.
Press Ctrl + Alt + T keys Open the terminal by pressing the Ctrl, Alt and T keys together.
[Terminal]

Only Narration

From now onwards please remember to press the Enter key after typing each command.
[Terminal] Type:

cd $FOAM_RUN

At the prompt, type the following command to go to the RUN directory.
[Terminal] Type:

cd pipe

Navigate to the pipe case folder.
[Terminal] Type:

mv 0.Orig 0

Now, rename zero dot Orig folder to zero by typing this command.
[Terminal] Type: gedit 0/p Let us open the “p” file in a text editor.
[gedit - p] Highlight

dimensions [0 2 -2 0 0 0 0];

Here we can see, the p file is in the form of pressure divided by density.

This means, it is kinematic pressure.

[gedit - p] Highlight

Selection in the Text Editor >> Delete

Delete the lines from internalField to the end of the file as shown here.
[gedit - pressure] Open the file pressure.txt, that you had downloaded in any text editor.
[gedit - pressure] Highlight

Selection in the Text Editor >> Copy

Copy the entire content of the text file.
[gedit - p] Now let me switch back to the “p” file.
[gedit - p] Paste Paste the copied contents into the “p” file as shown here.
[gedit - p] Highlight

internalField

Right after dimensions, we have to define the initial condition.

It could be uniform, non-uniform or in the form of code.

[gedit - p] Highlight

uniform 0;

In this case, we will use the initial condition as uniform zero.

This means that the kinematic pressure inside the entire domain is zero.

[gedit - p] Highlight

boundaryField

In the boundaryField, we specify boundary conditions for all patches and walls.
[gedit - p] Highlight

Selection in the Text Editor >> inlet

Boundary condition for inlet in pressure is defined as shown.
[gedit - p] Highlight

type zeroGradient;

Type of the boundary condition is zeroGradient.

Zero Gradient boundary extrapolates the quantity to the patch from the nearest cell value.

So, the value at the patch will be the same as the cell value.

Note that z is small and G is capital.

[gedit - p] Highlight

Selection in the Text Editor >> wall

Boundary condition for the wall is defined as the same as inlet.
[gedit - p] Highlight

Selection in the Text Editor >> outlet

Boundary condition for outlet in pressure is defined as shown here.
[gedit - p] Highlight

type fixedValue;

value 0;

The type of boundary condition is fixedValue.

Value given is zero.

CTRL+S >> Close Text Editor Now, save the p file and close the text editor.
[Terminal] Type:

gedit 0/U

Now, let us set the initial and boundary condition for velocity.

To do so, open the U file in a text editor.

[gedit - U] Highlight

dimensions [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];

Dimensions here are in meters per second.
[gedit - U] Highlight

internalField uniform (0 0 0);

Velocity is a vector field.

So the internal initial field is set as uniform (0 0 0).

[gedit - U] Highlight

Selection in the Text Editor >> Delete

Delete the lines from boundaryField to the end of the file as shown here.
[gedit - velocity] Open the velocity.txt file that you had downloaded in a text editor.
[gedit - velocity] Highlight

Selection in the Text Editor >> Copy

Copy the entire content of the text file.
[gedit - U] Paste Paste the copied contents into the “U” file as shown.
[gedit - U] Highlight

boundaryField

In the boundaryField, we will specify boundary conditions for all patches and walls.
[gedit - U] Highlight

Selection in the Text Editor >> inlet

Boundary condition for inlet in velocity is defined as shown here.
[gedit - U] Highlight

type fixedValue;

value uniform (0 0 0.025);

Type of the boundary condition is fixedValue.

Value of velocity is 0.025 meters per second in the Z direction.

[gedit - U] Highlight

type noSlip;

Boundary condition for the wall is defined as noSlip.

This means velocity at the wall is zero.

[gedit - U] Highlight

type zeroGradient;

Boundary condition for outlet is zeroGradient, defined as shown here.
CTRL+S >> Close Text Editor Now, save the U file and close the text editor.
[Terminal] Type:

gedit constant/transportProperties

Open transport properties file from constant folder in the text editor.
[gedit - transportProperties] Highlight

nu

All properties of fluid which remain constant during the simulation is to be specified in the constant folder.

Here, we will set the value of kinematic viscosity.

[gedit - transportProperties] Highlight

[0 2 -1 0 0 0 0]

Dimensions of kinematic viscosity are specified here.
[gedit - transportProperties]

Change: 0.01 >> 1e-06

To set the value of nu, replace 0.01 to 1e to the power minus 6.
CTRL+S >> Close Text Editor Now, save the transportProperties file and close the text editor.
Only Narration Solve & write control parameters can be modified in the controlDict file.

The controlDict file is located in the system folder.

[Terminal] Type:

gedit system/controlDict

Open the controlDict file in a text editor.
[gedit - controlDict] Highlight

Selection in the Text Editor >> Delete

Delete the lines from application to the end of the file as shown here.
[gedit - control] Open the control.txt file that you had downloaded in a text editor.
[gedit - control] Highlight

Selection in the Text Editor >> Copy

Copy the entire content of the text file.
[gedit - controlDict] Paste And paste the copied contents into the “controlDict” file as shown here.
[gedit - controlDict] Highlight

application icoFoam;

First line of the controlDict file shows the name of the solver.

In our case it is icoFoam.

[gedit - controlDict] Highlight

startFrom startTime;

startTime 0;

The second and third lines are start simulation controls.

Our simulation will start from the value specified in start time.

Here our start time is set to zero.

[gedit - controlDict] Highlight

stopAt endTime;

endTime 5;

The fourth and fifth lines are stop simulation controls.

Simulation will stop at the endTime of 5 seconds.

[gedit - controlDict] Highlight

deltaT 1e-2;

Then the value of delta T is given, which is 1e to the power minus 2.

So, it will simulate for 5 seconds with in a 1e to the power minus 2 time step.

[gedit - controlDict] Highlight

writeInterval 100;

writeInterval is 100.

So it will print and save every 100 time-step value that OpenFOAM solves.

So we will get results written for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 seconds.

[gedit - controlDict] Highlight

purgeWrite 2;

OpenFOAM gives the option to save only the last few time steps.

To enable that option, you can use the purgeWrite value.

By changing it to 2, we will get the 2 latest updated time-step results.

The old files will automatically be deleted.

At the end of the simulation we will get results of 4 and 5 seconds.

This option will save space on your computer.

Only Narration The rest of the options are for the format of writing data files in OpenFOAM.

We do not need to change them.

Therefore, we won’t be making any more changes to the controlDict file.

CTRL+S >> Close Text Editor Now, save the controlDict file and close the text editor.
Only Narration We are done setting up the case.

And now we will run the simulation.

[Terminal] Type: icoFoam To do so, type icoFoam in the terminal and press Enter.
Only Narration It will take some time to simulate, based on your computer’s hardware.

For me it took around 4 minutes to simulate.

[Terminal] Highlight

End

Once the simulation is finished, you will get this line at the end.
Slide: Formula and Analytical Solution


Highlight 2.4 Pa

Highlight 0.05 m/s

  • To calculate pressure at inlet, let us put the values of the U, L, D and Po in this formula.
  • We will get an inlet pressure value of 2.4 Pascals.
  • Maximum velocity will be twice of average velocity, as per analytical solution.
Slide: Result Comparison
  • From the simulation we get,
    • Maximum velocity 0.05 metres per second and
    • inlet Pressure 2.8 Pascals.
  • In CFD, there are always some deviations in results of analytical and numerical solutions.
  • We will discuss results in details later in this series.
Only Narration With this we have come to the end of this tutorial.

To summarize.

Slide: Summary In this tutorial, we have learnt to,
  • Set up the boundary and initial conditions
  • Set up the physical properties
  • Set up the solve & write control parameter and
  • Run the simulation
Slide: About the Spoken Tutorial Project The video at the following link summarises the Spoken Tutorial project.

Please download and watch it.

Slide: Spoken Tutorial Workshops We conduct workshops using Spoken Tutorials and give certificates.

Please contact us.

Slide: Spoken Tutorial Forum Please post your timed queries in this forum.
Slide: FOSSEE Forum
  • Do you have any general/technical questions?
  • Please visit the forum given in this link.
Slide: FOSSEE Case Study Project
  • The FOSSEE team coordinates solving feasible CFD problems of reasonable complexity using OpenFOAM.
  • We give honorarium and certificates to those who do this.
  • For more details, please visit these sites.
Slide: Spoken Tutorial The Spoken Tutorial project is supported by MHRD, Govt. of India.

The script for this tutorial is contributed by Divyesh Variya.

And this is Swetha Sridhar from IIT Bombay signing off.

Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Divyesh7, Nancyvarkey

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