Java/C2/Logical-Operations/English-timed

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Time' Narration
00:02 Welcome to this spoken tutorial on Logical Operators in Java.
00:07 In this tutorial, you will learn about the logical operators
00:11 how to check for multiple expressions using logical operators and how to overwrite precedence using parentheses
00:20 For this tutorial we are using

Ubuntu 11.10,

JDK 1.6 and

Eclipse 3.7

00:30 To follow this tutorial you should have knowledge on relational operators in Java
00:35 If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website as shown.
00:40 Logical operators are used to check multiple conditions.
00:48 Here is a list of the available logical operators in Java
00:54 and, or, not. We shall look into each of them in detail. Switch to Eclipse.
01:04 Here We have the Eclipse IDE and the skeleton required for the rest of the code.
01:10 We have created a class LogicalOperators and added the main method
01:15 Let us create some variables.
01:20 boolean b ;
01:23 We shall store the result of conditions in b;
01:29 int age is equalto 11
01:35 int weight isequalto 42


01:42 We have the age and weight of a person.
01:46 We shall check if the person is below 18yrs of age and is atleast 40kgs.


01:52 Let us see how to do so.
01:57 b is equal toage less than 18 ampersand ampersand weight greater than equal to 40


02:19 This statement has two expressions and a double ampersand symbol in between.


02:24 It checks if age is less than 18 and also if weight is greater than or equal to 40.


02:31 This operation is called the and operation.
02:35 Let us now print the value b.


02:40 System dot out dot println(b);
02:48 Save and Run
02:56 As we can see, the output is true because both the conditions are satisfied.


03:02 Now let us change the weight so that one condition is not satisfied and re run the code.


03:08 Change 42 to 32.


03:14 Save and Run
03:21 the output now is false.


03:24 This is because the condition age less than 18 is satisfied


03:29 But the condition the weight greater than or equal to 40 is not satisfied


03:34 The and operation requires both the conditions to be true for the result to be true.


03:39 Therefore we get false as our output.
03:43 This way, using a double ampersand symbol we can perform and operation.
03:53 Lets say we have age and weight and it is enough if only one of the conditions is satisfied.


03:59 In other words, we need to see if the first condition or the second condition is true.


04:05 It is done using the or operation.
04:09 Let us first remove the earlier condition.


04:15 And Type


04:17 age less than equal to 15 pipe pipe weight less than equal to 30


04:35 There are two conditions and a double pipe symbol in between.


04:40 This statement checks if atleast one of the given two conditions is satisfied.


04:46 Let us run the code to see the output. Save and run
04:54 We see that the output is True.
04:57 This is because, an or operation, does not need both the conditions to be true like the and operation.
05:03 It needs atleast one condition to be true.
05:06 So although the condition for weight is not satisfied, since the condition for age is satisfied.
05:13 we get the output as true.
05:18 Now let us change the age in such a way that both the conditions are false and see the result.


05:25 change 11 to 17


05:30 Save and Run
05:36 Now the output is false because both the conditions are not satisfied.
05:41 This way, we use a double PIPE symbol to do an or operation.
05:50 Now let us say we need to check for people who are older than 15 and with weight more than 30kilos.


05:57 In other words, we need to check the exact opposite of the condition we just did.
06:03 In such situations, we use the not operation
06:07 First enclose the condition in parentheses.
06:17 And Add an exclamation mark before the condition.
06:25 By using an exclamation mark, we check for the exact opposite of the condition inside the parentheses.


06:32 Since the earlier output was false, now it must true. Let us see
06:38 Save and Run.


06:44 As we can see, the output is the opposite of earlier one.
06:48 This way by using the Exclamation mark we perform not operation. Now Let us say we want people younger than 15.
06:58 Or people younger than 18 and lighter than 40kilos.


07:04 Let us see how would we go about this condition.
07:07 Remove the earlier condition and type
07:12 age less than 15
07:15 or age less than 18
07:24 and weight less than 40


07:33 As we can see, the condition itself is confusing.


07:36 Moreover, we do not know if the or operation will be performed first or the and operation.


07:42 It depends on the precedence of operators.


07:46 In such situations, we use parentheses to overwrite the precedence and also make the condition clear.
07:53 So let us add the parentheses.


08:06 Let us run the code save run
08:13 Now Although the first condition which is age less than 15 is not satisfied,


08:20 the second condition, which is,


08:22 age less than 18 and weight less than 40 is satisfied.


08:27 Therefore, output is True.
08:30 As a rule, use parentheses to avoid ambiguity and make the expressions clear.
08:36 And This how we use the logical operators to check for multiple conditions.
08:44 This bring us to the end of this tutorial.
08:47 we have learnt about logical operators, how to check for multiple expressions using logical operators and
08:54 how to override the precedence using parentheses.
09:00 As an assignment for this tutorial,


09:02 find out if the two expressions, shown are equivalent?
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09:52 This tutorial has been contributed by TalentSprint. Thanks for joining.



Contributors and Content Editors

Gaurav, Kavita salve, PoojaMoolya, Priyacst, Sandhya.np14, Sneha