Rust-Programming-Language/C2/Variables-and-Mutability/English - Revision history

Madhurig at 13:04, 4 August 2025

2025-08-04T13:04:29Z

Madhurig at 12:50, 4 August 2025

2025-08-04T12:50:40Z

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Nirmala Venkat at 08:20, 14 July 2025

2025-07-14T08:20:40Z

Nirmala Venkat at 08:18, 14 July 2025

2025-07-14T08:18:52Z

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Madhurig at 16:30, 5 May 2025

2025-05-05T16:30:05Z

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Madhurig at 15:58, 5 May 2025

2025-05-05T15:58:41Z

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Nirmala Venkat at 16:37, 30 April 2025

2025-04-30T16:37:11Z

Nirmala Venkat: Created page with " {| border="1" |- || '''Visual Cue''' || '''Narration''' |- ||
Show Slide:

'''Title Slide'''
||
2025-04-30T16:34:17Z

Created page with " {| border="1" |- || '''Visual Cue''' || '''Narration''' |- || <div style="color:#000000;">Show Slide: </div> <div style="color:#000000;">'''Title Slide'''</div> || <span sty..."

New page

{| border="1"
|-
|| '''Visual Cue'''
|| '''Narration'''
|-
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show Slide: </div>

<div style="color:#000000;">'''Title Slide'''</div>
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''Variables '''</span><span style="color:#000000;">and</span><span style="color:#000000;">''' Mutability '''</span><span style="color:#000000;">in </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''Rust.'''</span>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''Slide 2'''

'''Learning Objective'''
|| In this tutorial, we will learn about:
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Variables </div>
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Mutability and</div>
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Data types</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.189cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''Slide 3'''

'''System Requirements'''
|| This tutorial is recorded using</span>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#000000;">'''Ubuntu'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''Linux OS version 22.04'''</span></div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#000000;">'''Rust 1.</span>80<span style="color:#000000;">.0 '''</span></div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#000000;">'''Visual </span>S<span style="color:#000000;">tudio </span>C<span style="color:#000000;">ode 1.19.0'''</span></div>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.189cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''Slide 4'''

'''Prerequisites'''

'''https://spoken-tutorial.org'''
|| To follow this tutorial,
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#000000;">You should be familiar with compiling and running a </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''Rust'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> </span>program</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#000000;">If </span>not, please go through<span style="color:#000000;"> the </span>prerequisite<span style="color:#000000;"> </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''Rust'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> tutorial on this website.</span></div>

<div style="color:#000000;"></div>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.189cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''Slide 5'''

'''Code Files'''
||
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The files used in this tutorial are provided in the '''Code files''' link of this tutorial page</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Please download and extract the files.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Make a copy and then use them while practicing.</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''Slide 6'''
'''Variables'''
let a = 10; //immutable
let mut b=15;//mutable
|
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">In Rust, we create variables using the '''let''' statement.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">By default, variables are immutable,meaning their values cannot be changed</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">You can make them mutable by using '''mut'''.</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Open '''Visual Studio Code '''editor
|| Let us open the '''Visual Studio Code editor'''.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Open the terminal by pressing

<div style="color:#000000;">Ctrl+Tilde (~)</div>

Click on''' Terminal''' and select''' New Terminal.'''

|| In the menu bar, click on''' Terminal''' and select''' New Terminal.'''

We can see a terminal window at the bottom.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
||

<div style="color:#ff0000;"></div>

Type at the prompt:

'''cargo new variables'''

|| Go to our working directory '''MyRustProject''' as explained earlier.

<div style="color:#000000;">Please refer to the '''Additional Reading material '''link of this tutorial.</div>
It explains the steps to create and run the project.

Type the command '''cargo new variables '''and press Enter

Open the created project as shown.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| <span style="color:#252525;">Point to</span><span style="color:#252525;">''' main.rs file.'''</span>

<div style="color:#252525;">'''Press Ctrl + C to copy '''</div>

<div style="color:#252525;">'''Press Ctrl + V to paste'''</div>
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">In the </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">'''main.rs '''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">file,</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;"> copy and paste the</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;"> </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">'''code'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;"> </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">from the codefile.</span>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Highlight the code according to narration</div>

<div style="color:#252525;">fn main(){</div>
<div style="color:#252525;">let a = 1;</div>
<div style="color:#252525;">println!(“The value of a is {}”,a);</div>
<div style="color:#252525;">a=2;</div>
<div style="color:#252525;">println!(“The value of a is {}”,a);</div>
<div style="color:#252525;">}</div>
|| <span style="color:#252525;">'''let'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> keyword is used to declare variables in </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Rus'''</span><span style="color:#252525;">t.</span>

<span style="color:#252525;">Here we have initialized the variable </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''a'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> and assigned the value 1 to it.</span>

<span style="color:#252525;">W</span><span style="color:#252525;">e are trying to reassign the value 2 to variable </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''a</span><span style="color:#252525;">.'''</span>

<span style="color:#252525;">After reassigning we are printing the variable’s value to see </span><span style="color:#252525;">what the</span><span style="color:#252525;"> value </span><span style="color:#252525;">contains</span><span style="color:#252525;">.</span>

<span style="color:#252525;">Press </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Ctrl '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">and</span><span style="color:#252525;">''' S '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">to s</span><span style="color:#252525;">ave the file.</span>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
| style="color:#252525;" |
|| In the menu bar, click on terminal and select '''New Terminal.'''

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| <span style="color:#252525;">Type</span><span style="color:#252525;"> </span><span style="color:#252525;">Cargo build</span>
|| <span style="color:#252525;">In the terminal, </span><span style="color:#252525;">type </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''cargo build</span><span style="color:#252525;"> '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">to compile the Cargo project.</span>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
| style="color:#252525;" | Highlight the error
|| <div style="color:#252525;">Here, we can see an error - '''cannot assign twice to immutable variable ‘a’.'''</div>

<span style="color:#252525;">Note that we </span><span style="color:#252525;">had mentioned </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''variables '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">are </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''immutable '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">by default.</span>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
| style="color:#252525;" |
|| So switch back to the '''program.'''
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| <div style="color:#252525;">Type mut</div>

<div style="color:#252525;">Let mut a=1;</div>
|| <span style="color:#252525;">Now, type </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''mut'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> in between </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''let'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> and </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''a.'''</span>

<div style="color:#252525;">Here we are telling the compiler that the initialized variable is mutable.</div>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
| style="color:#252525;" | Type cargo run
|| Save the file.

In the terminal, type<span style="color:#252525;"> </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''cargo run'''</span>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
| style="color:#252525;" | Highlight the output
|| <div style="color:#252525;">We can see the output.</div>

<span style="color:#252525;">Both the </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''initialized '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">and the modified values are printed successfully.</span>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
| style="color:#252525;" |
|| Next let us see the shadowing of variables.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''Shadowing'''

'''fn main() {'''
'''let x = 5;'''
'''println!("x is {}", x);'''

'''let x = x + 2;'''
'''println!("x is {}", x);'''
'''}'''

|| Clear the code window and then copy and paste the code from the code file.

Rust allows variable shadowing.
Here the variable '''x''' is shadowing.
Shadowing is to declare a new variable with the same name as a previous variable in the same scope.
We can assign a new value to the new variable while the old variable remains unchanged.
Save the file.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
||
|| In the terminal, type<span style="color:#252525;"> </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''cargo run'''</span>

Check the output.

It prints the value of x as 5 and 7 as the result of shadowing.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
||
|| Next we will see the scope of the variables.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''Scope of the variable'''

fn main() {

// scope of outer_var variable is inside the main function code block

let outer_var = 100;

// start of the inner code block

{

// scope of inner_var variable is only inside this new code block

let inner_var = 200;

println!("inner_var = {}", inner_var);

}

// end of the inner code block

println!("inner_var = {}", inner_var);

println!("outer_var = {}", outer_var);

}
|| Clear the code window.

Copy and paste the code from the codefile.

In this code, observe the declaration of variables '''outer_var '''and''' inner_var.'''

Curly braces { } define the block scope where the variable access becomes restricted to local.

Save the program.

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| <div style="color:#000000;"></div>

<div style="color:#000000;"></div>
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Let us check the output. Run the program.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">We can see a compilation error.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">Here we tried to print the '''inner_var '''outside of the inner code block.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">So the program will give an error.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">Let us comment the print statement of '''inner_var''' in the outer block.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">Save the program.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">Run the program again to see the output.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">We can see the output displayed for '''outer_var '''as 100 and '''inner_var''' as 200.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">This shows that any variable outside the braces will have global access.</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
||
|| Next we will see about various data types in '''Rust'''.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''Slide:'''

'''Rust - Data types '''
|| * <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#252525;">Every value in </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Rust '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">is of a certain </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Type.'''</span></div>
* <div style="color:#252525;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Rust is a statically typed language that checks the types of variables at compile time.</div>
* <div style="color:#252525;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Compiler must know the type of all variables at compile time</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#252525;">This helps the </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''compiler '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">to optimize for </span><span style="color:#252525;">efficient and faster </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''runtime execution.'''</span></div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| <div style="color:#252525;">'''Slide:'''</div>

<div style="color:#252525;">'''Scalar Type'''</div>
|| Data types are divided as* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Scalar and Compound Types</div>

A Scalar Type is referred to as a single value. Rust has four Scalar Data types. They are
* <div style="margin-left:2.54cm;margin-right:0cm;">Integers</div>
* <div style="margin-left:2.54cm;margin-right:0cm;">Float</div>
* <div style="margin-left:2.54cm;margin-right:0cm;">Boolean</div>
* <div style="margin-left:2.54cm;margin-right:0cm;">Character</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
||
|| Switch back to the visual code editor.
|-
| style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;" |
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;" | Let us see a rust program for various data types.

Copy paste the code from the code file.
|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Highlight according to narration</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">fn main() {</div>
<div style="color:#000000;">let x: i32 = 100; </div>
<div style="color:#000000;">let y: u32 = 200;</div>
<div style="color:#000000;">let f: f64 = 3.14;</div>
<div style="color:#000000;">let flag: bool = true;</div>
<div style="color:#000000;">let character: char = 'R';</div>
<div style="color:#000000;">println!("Integer: {}", x);</div>
<div style="color:#000000;">println!("Integer: {}", y);</div>
<div style="color:#000000;">println!("Float: {}", f);</div>
<div style="color:#000000;">println!("Boolean: {}", flag);</div>
<div style="color:#000000;">println!("Character: {}", character);</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">}</div>
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;" | <div style="color:#000000;">We use integer data types to store whole numbers.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">i''' '''specifies signed integer type i.e(it can store both positive or negative value)</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">'''32 '''is the size of the data type i.e (it takes 32 bits of space in memory)</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">Integers can be of many types as i8, i16, i32, i64.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">u specifies the unsigned integer type i.e (it can only store positive integer values.)</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">If we try to store negative numbers to u32 type variables, we will get an error.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">Here, the '''f '''character represents a floating point number.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">32 and 64 represent the size in bits.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">A boolean data type can have two possible values: true or false.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">'''char''' represents the character type variable and we use single quotes to represent a character.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">We can also store special characters like $, & etc. using the character type.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">Save the program.</div>
|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;" |
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;" | Let us compile and run the program and see the output.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
||
|| In the terminal, type '''cargo run.'''

We can see the various data types printed as output.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''Slide:'''

'''Type Inference in Rust'''
||
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">In Rust we can create variables without mentioning a data type</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">let x=50;</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Rust will automatically set i32 as default type for integer by looking at the value 50.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">This process is Type Inference.</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''Slide:'''

'''Constants'''
<div style="color:#171717;">const PI: f32 = 3.14159265358979323846; </div>
<div style="color:#000000;">fn main() { </div>
<div style="color:#000000;">let radius = 5.0; </div>
<div style="color:#000000;">let circumference = 2.0 * PI * radius; </div>
<div style="color:#000000;">println!("The circumference of a circle with radius {} is {}", radius, circumference); </div>
<div style="color:#000000;">} </div>
|| <div style="color:#171717;">This is an example for constants.</div>* <div style="color:#171717;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Constants are variables that are immutable and have a fixed value.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#171717;">They are declared using the </span><span style="color:#171717;">'''const'''</span><span style="color:#171717;"> </span><span style="color:#171717;">keyword. </span></div>
* <div style="color:#171717;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">You must declare the type of the value.</div>

<div style="color:#171717;"></div>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
||
|| This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

Let us summarize.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Slide:

Summary
|| In this tutorial, we learnt about
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Variables </div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Mutability and</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Data types</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Slide:

Assignment

fn main() {

let y: u32 = - 200;

println!("Integer: {}", y);

}

|| As an assignment, do the following.

* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Run the above program</div>

* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Analyse the error and correct the program.</div>

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #252525;padding-top:0.176cm;padding-bottom:0.176cm;padding-left:0.159cm;padding-right:0.176cm;" | Show Slide:

'''About Spoken Tutorial Project'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;" | The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.

Please download and watch it.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show Slide:

'''Spoken Tutorial Workshops'''
|| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project '''Team conducts workshops and gives certificates.

For more details, please write to us.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Slide : Forum for specific questions
|| Please post your timed queries in this forum
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Acknowledgement
|| Spoken Tutorial project was established by the Ministry of Education(MoE), Govt of India
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Acknowledgement
|| We would like to thank '''Vishal Pokuri from VIT Vellore '''for content contribution.
|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;" | Thank You
| style="border:1pt solid #252525;padding-top:0.176cm;padding-bottom:0.176cm;padding-left:0.123cm;padding-right:0.176cm;" | This tutorial is contributed by '''Nirmala Venkat''' and '''Ketki Bhamble''' from the spoken tutorial team.

Thank you for joining.
|-
|}
<div style="margin-left:-1.588cm;margin-right:-1.429cm;"></div>

@@ Line 109: / Line 109: @@
 |-
 ||
-|| In the menu bar, click on terminal and select '''New Terminal.'''
+|| In the menu bar, click on '''Terminal''' and select '''New Terminal.'''
 |-
 || Type Cargo build
-|| In the terminal, type '''cargo build '''to compile the Cargo project.
+|| In the terminal, type '''cargo build '''to compile the '''Cargo''' project.
 |-
@@ Line 139: / Line 139: @@
 || We can see the output.
-Both the '''initialized '''and the modified values are printed successfully.
+Both the '''initialized '''and modified values are printed successfully.
 |-
 ||
@@ Line 158: / Line 158: @@
 Save the file.
 |-
-||
+||  type '''cargo run'''
 || In the terminal, type '''cargo run'''
@@ Line 197: / Line 197: @@
 || Clear the code window.
-Copy and paste the code from the codefile.
+Copy and paste the code from the code file.
 In this code, observe the declaration of variables '''outer_var '''and''' inner_var.'''
-Curly braces { } define the block scope where the variable access becomes restricted to local.
+Curly braces { } define the block scope where the variable access becomes restricted to the local.
 Save the program.
 |-
-||
+|| Type cargo run
 || Let us check the output. Run the program.
@@ Line 228: / Line 228: @@
 || Slide:
-Summary
+'''Summary'''
 || This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

@@ Line 148: / Line 148: @@
 |- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
 || '''Shadowing'''
 || Clear the code window and then copy and paste the code from the code file.
@@ Line 250: / Line 243: @@
 fn main() {
 let x = 10; // Immutable variable
 println!("The value of x is: {}", x);
 x = 20;
 println!("The new value of x is: {}", x);

@@ Line 242: / Line 242: @@
 '''Rust - Data types '''
-|| * <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#252525;">Every value in </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Rust '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">is of a certain </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Type.'''</span></div>
+||
 * <div style="color:#252525;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Rust is a statically typed language that checks the types of variables at compile time.</div>
 * <div style="color:#252525;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Compiler must know the type of all variables at compile time</div>
@@ Line 251: / Line 252: @@
 <div style="color:#252525;">'''Scalar Type'''</div>
-|| Data types are divided as* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Scalar and Compound Types</div>
+|| Data types are divided as
 A Scalar Type is referred to as a single value. Rust has four Scalar Data types. They are
@@ Line 334: / Line 336: @@
 <div style="color:#000000;">println!("The circumference of a circle with radius {} is {}", radius, circumference); </div>
 <div style="color:#000000;">} </div>
-|| <div style="color:#171717;">This is an example for constants.</div>* <div style="color:#171717;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Constants are variables that are immutable and have a fixed value.</div>
+|| <div style="color:#171717;">This is an example for constants.</div>
 * <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#171717;">They are declared using the </span><span style="color:#171717;">'''const'''</span><span style="color:#171717;"> </span><span style="color:#171717;">keyword. </span></div>
 * <div style="color:#171717;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">You must declare the type of the value.</div>
@@ Line 359: / Line 362: @@
 fn main() {
 let y: u32 = - 200;
 println!("Integer: {}", y);
+}
@@ Line 369: / Line 369: @@
 * <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Run the above program</div>
 * <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Analyse the error and correct the program.</div>