Nancyvarkey at 02:06, 6 May 2019

2019-05-06T02:06:37Z

Sudhakarst at 10:25, 1 May 2019

2019-05-01T10:25:39Z

Sudhakarst at 10:24, 1 May 2019

2019-05-01T10:24:33Z

Sudhakarst: Created page with "'''Title of script''': Plotting Histograms and Pie Chart '''Author''': Tushar Bajaj (TISS Mumbai) and Sudhakar Kumar (IIT Bombay) '''Keywords''': R, RStudio, graphs, histog..."

2019-05-01T10:23:25Z

Created page with "'''Title of script''': Plotting Histograms and Pie Chart '''Author''': Tushar Bajaj (TISS Mumbai) and Sudhakar Kumar (IIT Bombay) '''Keywords''': R, RStudio, graphs, histog..."

New page

'''Title of script''': Plotting Histograms and Pie Chart

'''Author''': Tushar Bajaj (TISS Mumbai) and Sudhakar Kumar (IIT Bombay)

'''Keywords''': R, RStudio, graphs, histogram, frequency, pie chart, video tutorial

{| border =1
|'''Visual Cue’’’
|'''Narration’’’
|-
|| Show slide

Opening slide
|| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Plotting Histograms and Pie Chart. '''
|-
|| Show slide

Learning Objectives

|| In this tutorial, we will learn how to:
* Plot '''histograms'''
* Plot '''pie chart'''
* Save plots

|-
|| Show slide

Pre-requisites
|| To understand this tutorial, you should know,
* '''Data frames''' in '''R'''
* Basics of Statistics

If not, please locate the relevant tutorials on '''R''' on this website.
|-
|| Show slide

System Specifications
|| This tutorial is recorded on
* '''Ubuntu Linux '''OS version '''16.04'''
* '''R''' version '''3.4.4'''
* '''RStudio''' version '''1.1.456'''

Install '''R''' version '''3.2.0''' or higher.
|-
|| Show slide

Download Files
|| For this tutorial, we will use
* A data frame '''moviesData.csv'''
* A script file '''myPlots.R'''.

Please download these files from the '''Code files''' link of this tutorial.
|-
|| [Computer screen]

Highlight '''moviesData.csv '''and''' myPlots.R '''in the folder '''Plots '''
|| I have downloaded and moved these files to '''Plots''' folder.

This folder is located in '''myProject''' folder on my '''Desktop'''.

I have also set this folder as my '''Working Directory.'''
|-
||
|| Let us switch to '''Rstudio'''.
|-
|| Highlight '''myPlots.R''' in the '''Files '''window''' '''of '''RStudio '''
|| Open the '''script myPlots.R '''in''' RStudio'''.
|-
|| Highlight the '''Source''' button
|| Run this '''script''' by clicking on '''Source''' button.
|-
|| Highlight '''movies''' in the '''Source''' window
|| '''movies''' '''data frame''' opens in the '''Source''' window.
|-
|| Highlight '''dim(movies)''' in the '''Console''' window
|| This '''data frame''' has 600 rows and 31 columns.

It means this data frame has 600 observations of 31 variables.
|-
|| '''https://spoken-tutorial.org'''
|| To know about more this '''dataframe,''' please refer to the''' Additional Material section '''on this website.
|-
|| Highlight the scroll bar in the '''Source''' window
|| In the '''Source''' window, scroll from left to right to see the remaining objects of '''movies''' '''data frame'''.
|-
|| Highlight '''runtime''' in the '''Source''' window
|| Now we will learn how to plot a '''histogram''' of the object named '''runtime '''in '''movies'''.
|-
|| Show slide

Histogram
|| A histogram is * A visual representation of the distribution of a dataset.
* Used to plot the frequency of score occurrences in a continuous dataset

|-
||
|| Let us switch to '''RStudio'''.
|-
|| Highlight '''myPlots.R '''in the '''Source''' window
|| Click on the '''script''' '''myPlots.R'''
|-
|| [RStudio]

'''hist(movies$runtime)'''
|| In the '''Source''' window, type '''hist''', within parentheses '''movies''' dollar sign '''runtime'''.
|-
|| Highlight '''Run''' button in the '''Source''' window
|| Save the '''script''' and run the current line by pressing '''Run '''button.
|-
|| Highlight '''Plots''' window
|| The histogram appears in the '''Plots''' window.
|-
|| Highlight '''Zoom''' in the '''Plots''' window
|| Click on Zoom to maximize this plot.
|-
|| Highlight the plot in the '''Plots''' window
|| In the histogram there are 9 bins.

Height''' '''of a bin represents the number of observations lying in that interval.
|-
|| Highlight the plot in the '''Plots''' window
|| Now, we will learn how to add labels to this histogram.

Also, we will change the color of bins in this histogram.
|-
|| Highlight '''hist''' in the '''Source''' window
|| For this, we will add more arguments to the '''hist''' function.
|-
||
|| Close the histogram.
|-
|| [RStudio]

'''hist(movies$runtime, '''

'''main = "Distribution of movies' length", '''

'''xlab = "Run time of movies", '''

'''xlim = c(0,300), '''

'''col = "blue")'''
|| In the '''Source''' window, type the following command.
|-
|| Highlight '''hist''' in the '''Source''' window
|| Here, we have used the following arguments:* '''main''' for adding title to the histogram
* '''xlab''' for adding label to the x axis
* '''xlim''' to set the range of values on x axis
* '''col''' to set the color of bins

|-
|| Highlight '''Run''' button in the '''Source''' window
|| Run the current line.
|-
|| Highlight '''Files''' and '''Plots''' window
|| In the '''Files''' and '''Plots''' window, click on '''Zoom''' to maximize the plot.
|-
|| Highlight labels and title of the histogram
|| The labels and the title of histogram have been changed.
|-
|| Highlight plot in the '''Plots''' window
|| We can observe that most of the '''movies''' have the runtime of around 75 to 125 minutes.
|-
|| Highlight plot in the '''Plots''' window
|| Now we will modify the number of '''breaks''' in the histogram.

We can make the groups finer or coarser by modifying the number of '''breaks.'''
|-
||
|| Close this plot.
|-
|| Highlight '''hist''' in the '''Source''' window
|| Let us add '''breaks''' argument in '''hist''' function and set it to 4.
|-
|| [RStudio]

'''hist(movies$runtime, '''

'''main = "Distribution of movies' length", '''

'''xlab = "Run time of movies", '''

'''xlim = c(0,300), '''

'''col = "blue",'''

'''breaks = 4)'''

|| In the '''Source''' window, type the following command.
|-
|| Highlight '''Run''' button in the '''Source''' window
|| Save the script and run the current line.
|-
|| Highlight '''Files''' and '''Plots''' window
|| In the '''Files''' and '''Plots''' window, click on '''Zoom''' to maximize the plot.
|-
|| Highlight plot in the '''Plots''' window
|| Now, there are five bins in the histogram.

Remember we had set breaks to be 4.
|-
||
|| Close the plot.
|-
|| Highlight '''movies''' in the '''Source''' window
|| In the '''Source''' window, click on '''movies'''.
|-
||
|| I am scrolling from right to left.
|-
|| Highlight '''genre''' in the '''Source''' window
|| Now, we will learn how to create a pie chart from the object '''genre''' in the '''movies data frame'''.
|-
|| Show slide

Pie chart

|| A '''pie chart''' is
* A circular chart.
* Divided into wedge-like sectors, illustrating proportion.

The total value of the pie is always 100 percent
|-
||
|| Let us switch to '''RStudio'''.
|-
|| Highlight '''genre''' in the '''Source''' window
|| First, we will make a table of the number of different '''genres'''.

For this, we use '''table '''function'''. '''
|-
|| Highlight '''myPlots.R '''in the '''Source''' window
|| Click on the '''script''' '''myPlots.R'''
|-
|| [RStudio]

'''genreCount <- table(movies$genre)'''

'''View(genreCount)'''
|| In the '''Source''' window, type the following command.
|-
|| Highlight '''Run''' button in the '''Source''' window
|| Run the last two lines.
|-
|| Highlight '''genreCount''' in the Source window
|| We can see that there are 65 movies in '''Action & Adventure''' and 87 movies in '''Comedy'''.
|-
|| Highlight '''genreCount''' in the Source window
|| Now, we draw a pie chart with '''genreCount'''.
|-
|| Highlight '''myPlots.R '''in the '''Source''' window
|| Click on the '''script''' '''myPlots.R'''
|-
|| [RStudio]

'''pie(genreCount)'''
|| In the '''Source''' window, type '''pie'''

within parentheses '''genreCount'''.
|-
|| Highlight '''Run''' button in the '''Source''' window
|| Run the current line.
|-
|| Highlight '''Plots''' window
|| The pie chart appears in the '''Plots''' window.
|-
|| Highlight '''Zoom''' in the '''Plots''' window
|| Click on '''Zoom''' to maximize this pie chart.
|-
|| Highlight plot in the '''Plots''' window
|| We can see that '''Drama''' has largest share of '''movies'''.
|-
|| Highlight plot in the '''Plots''' window
|| Now, we will change the color of border in this '''pie''' '''chart'''.
|-
|| Highlight '''pie''' in the '''Source''' window
|| For this, we will add more arguments to the '''pie''' function.
|-
||
|| Close this plot.
|-
|| [RStudio]

'''pie(genreCount,'''

'''main = "Proportion of movies' genre",'''

'''border = "blue",'''

'''col = "orange")'''
|| In the '''Source''' window, type the following command.
|-
|| Highlight '''Run''' button in the '''Source''' window
|| Save the script and rRun the current line.
|-
|| Highlight the plot in the '''Plots '''window
|| The modified '''pie chart''' appears in the '''Plots''' window.
|-
|| Highlight '''Zoom''' in the '''Plots''' window
|| Click on '''Zoom''' to maximize the plot. .
|-
|| Highlight the plot in the '''Plots '''window
|| Now, we will learn how to save this pie chart as an image on our computer.
|-
||
|| Close this plot.
|-
|| Highlight '''Files''' and '''Plots''' window
|| I am resizing the '''Files''' and '''Plots''' window.
|-
|| Highlight Export in the '''Plots '''window

Highlight '''Save as Image''' option
|| In the '''Plots''' window, click on '''Export'''.

From the drop-down menu, select '''Save as Image. '''
|-
|| Highlight '''Save Plot as Image '''window
|| A window named '''Save Plot as Image''' appears.
|-
|| Highlight''' Image format''' option

Highlight '''JPEG''' option
|| You can select the format in which you want to save your image.

I am saving it in '''JPEG''' format.
|-
|| Highlight '''Directory '''option

Highlight path of '''Directory'''
|| Below the '''Image format''' option, you can select the directory where you want to save your image.

By default, '''RStudio''' will save the image in the directory where the '''script''' has been placed.

I will save the image in this folder.
|-
|| Highlight '''File name''' option
|| Below the directory, in the field '''File name''', you can write the name of the image to be saved.

I am saving the image with the name '''pieChart''' with capital C.
|-
|| Highlight '''Width''' and '''Height''' field

Highlight '''Maintain aspect ratio '''option
|| In the top right corner of this window, you can modify the dimensions of this image.

I am setting the width to 650.

Please make sure that '''Maintain aspect ratio''' is checked.
|-
|| Highlight '''Update Preview''' option
|| Below '''Maintain''' '''aspect ratio''', click on '''Update Preview''' button.
|-
|| Highlight the image
|| The image with larger dimensions is shown.
|-
|| Highlight '''Save''' option
|| Finally, click on '''Save'''.
|-
||
|| I am resizing the '''Files''' and '''Plots''' window.
|-
|| Highlight '''Files''' tab
|| Now, click on the '''Files''' tab.
|-
|| Highlight '''pieChart.jpeg '''in the '''Files''' tab
|| The image '''pieChart.jpeg''' has been saved in the '''Plots''' folder.

Click on this image to see the saved pie chart.
|-
||
|| Let us summarize what we have learnt.
|-
|| Show slide

Summary
|| In this tutorial, we have learnt how to:
* Plot '''histograms'''
* Plot '''pie chart '''
* Save plots

|-
|| Show slide

Assignment
|| We now suggest an assignment.
* Read the file '''moviesData.csv'''. Create a histogram of the object named '''imdb_num_votes''' in this file.
* Create a '''pie chart''' of the object '''mpaa_rating'''.
* Save both the plots.

|-
|| Show slide

About the Spoken Tutorial Project
|| The video at the following link summarises the Spoken Tutorial project.

Please download and watch it.
|-
|| Show slide

Spoken Tutorial Workshops
|| We conduct workshops using Spoken Tutorials and give certificates.

Please contact us.
|-
|| Show Slide

Forum to answer questions
|| Please post your timed queries in this forum.
|-
|| Show Slide

Forum to answer questions
|| Please post your general queries in this forum.
|-
|| Show Slide

Textbook Companion
|| The '''FOSSEE '''team coordinates the '''TBC '''project.

For more details, please visit these sites.
|-
|| Show Slide

Acknowledgements
|| The Spoken Tutorial project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Govt. of India
|-
|| Show Slide

Thank You
|| The script for this tutorial was contributed by Tushar Bajaj (TISS Mumbai).

This is Sudhakar Kumar from IIT Bombay signing off. Thanks for watching.
|-
|}

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 '''Keywords''': R, RStudio, graphs, histogram, frequency, pie chart, video tutorial
 {| border =1
@@ Line 146: / Line 145: @@
 |-
 || Highlight '''hist''' in the '''Source''' window
-|| Here, we have used the following arguments:* '''main''' for adding title to the histogram
+|| Here, we have used the following arguments:
 * '''xlab''' for adding label to the x axis
 * '''xlim''' to set the range of values on x axis
@@ Line 339: / Line 339: @@
 || Highlight '''File name''' option
 || Below the directory, in the field '''File name''', you can write the name of the image to be saved.
 I am saving the image with the name '''pieChart''' with capital C.

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 {| border =1
-|'''Visual Cue’’’
+|'''Visual Cue'''
-|'''Narration’’’
+|'''Narration'''
 |-
 || Show slide
@@ Line 50: / Line 50: @@
 * A data frame '''moviesData.csv'''
 * A script file '''myPlots.R'''.
 Please download these files from the '''Code files''' link of this tutorial.
@@ Line 77: / Line 76: @@
 || Highlight '''dim(movies)''' in the '''Console''' window
 || This '''data frame''' has 600 rows and 31 columns.
 It means this data frame has 600 observations of 31 variables.
@@ Line 93: / Line 91: @@
 Histogram
-|| A histogram is * A visual representation of the distribution of a dataset.
+|| A histogram is
 * Used to plot the frequency of score occurrences in a continuous dataset
@@ Line 151: / Line 150: @@
 * '''xlim''' to set the range of values on x axis
 * '''col''' to set the color of bins
 |-
@@ Line 190: / Line 188: @@
 '''breaks = 4)'''
 || In the '''Source''' window, type the following command.
@@ Line 351: / Line 347: @@
 Highlight '''Maintain aspect ratio '''option
 || In the top right corner of this window, you can modify the dimensions of this image.
 I am setting the width to 650.
 Please make sure that '''Maintain aspect ratio''' is checked.
@@ Line 389: / Line 383: @@
 * Plot '''pie chart '''
 * Save plots
 |-
@@ Line 399: / Line 392: @@
 * Create a '''pie chart''' of the object '''mpaa_rating'''.
 * Save both the plots.
 |-
@@ Line 413: / Line 405: @@
 Spoken Tutorial Workshops
 || We conduct workshops using Spoken Tutorials and give certificates.
 Please contact us.
@@ Line 443: / Line 434: @@
 Thank You
 || The script for this tutorial was contributed by Tushar Bajaj (TISS Mumbai).
 This is Sudhakar Kumar from IIT Bombay signing off. Thanks for watching.
 |-
 |}

R/C2/Plotting-Histograms-and-Pie-Chart/English - Revision history

Nancyvarkey at 02:06, 6 May 2019

Sudhakarst at 10:25, 1 May 2019

Sudhakarst at 10:24, 1 May 2019

Sudhakarst: Created page with "'''Title of script''': Plotting Histograms and Pie Chart '''Author''': Tushar Bajaj (TISS Mumbai) and Sudhakar Kumar (IIT Bombay) '''Keywords''': R, RStudio, graphs, histog..."