<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/skins/common/feed.css?303"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
		<id>https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Python_for_Biologists%2FC2%2FManipulating-Strings%2FEnglish</id>
		<title>Python for Biologists/C2/Manipulating-Strings/English - Revision history</title>
		<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Python_for_Biologists%2FC2%2FManipulating-Strings%2FEnglish"/>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Python_for_Biologists/C2/Manipulating-Strings/English&amp;action=history"/>
		<updated>2026-04-10T13:00:05Z</updated>
		<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
		<generator>MediaWiki 1.23.17</generator>

	<entry>
		<id>https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Python_for_Biologists/C2/Manipulating-Strings/English&amp;diff=15407&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Trupti at 05:21, 7 August 2014</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Python_for_Biologists/C2/Manipulating-Strings/English&amp;diff=15407&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2014-08-07T05:21:03Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
				&lt;tr style='vertical-align: top;'&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 05:21, 7 August 2014&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Keywords: Python, DNA sequences as strings, Protein sequences as strings, '''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Keywords: Python, DNA sequences as strings, Protein sequences as strings, '''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{| style=&amp;quot;border-spacing:0;&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{| style=&amp;quot;border-spacing:0;&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;Visual Cue&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border:0.75pt solid #000001;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.191cm;padding-right:0.191cm;&amp;quot;| '''&lt;/ins&gt;Visual Cue&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;Narration&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border:0.75pt solid #000001;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.191cm;padding-right:0.191cm;&amp;quot;| '''&lt;/ins&gt;Narration&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Trupti</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Python_for_Biologists/C2/Manipulating-Strings/English&amp;diff=15406&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Trupti at 05:16, 7 August 2014</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Python_for_Biologists/C2/Manipulating-Strings/English&amp;diff=15406&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2014-08-07T05:16:03Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
				&lt;tr style='vertical-align: top;'&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 05:16, 7 August 2014&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Keywords: Python, DNA sequences as strings, Protein sequences as strings, '''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Keywords: Python, DNA sequences as strings, Protein sequences as strings, '''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;'''Outline:- '''&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;** &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*** &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;**** Concatanation. (Adding two strings )&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;**** Replacing a character in a string.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;**** Find the position of character in a string.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;**** Extracting part of a string.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Trupti</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Python_for_Biologists/C2/Manipulating-Strings/English&amp;diff=15405&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Trupti: Created page with ''''Title of script''': Manipulating strings  '''Author: '''Snehalatha and Trupti  '''Keywords: Python, DNA sequences as strings, Protein sequences as strings, '''  '''Outline:- '…'</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Python_for_Biologists/C2/Manipulating-Strings/English&amp;diff=15405&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2014-08-07T05:15:02Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Title of script&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Manipulating strings  &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Author: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Snehalatha and Trupti  &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Keywords: Python, DNA sequences as strings, Protein sequences as strings, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;  &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Outline:- &amp;#039;…&amp;#039;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Title of script''': Manipulating strings&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Author: '''Snehalatha and Trupti&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Keywords: Python, DNA sequences as strings, Protein sequences as strings, '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Outline:- '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* &lt;br /&gt;
** &lt;br /&gt;
*** &lt;br /&gt;
**** Concatanation. (Adding two strings )&lt;br /&gt;
**** Replacing a character in a string.&lt;br /&gt;
**** Find the position of character in a string.&lt;br /&gt;
**** Extracting part of a string.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;border-spacing:0;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Visual Cue&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Narration&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide 1'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Title Slide'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Hello everyone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Welcome to this tutorial on '''Manipulating Strings''' in '''Python for biologists''' series.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide 2'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Learning Objectives'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| In this tutorial, we will learn more Python functions to manipulate strings. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Concatenation. (Adding two strings )&lt;br /&gt;
* Replacing a character in a string.&lt;br /&gt;
* Find the position of character in a string.&lt;br /&gt;
* Extracting part of a string.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide 3 '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''System Requirements''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To record this tutorial, I am using &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* '''Ubuntu OS version 12.04''' &lt;br /&gt;
* '''Python 3.2.3''' &lt;br /&gt;
* '''IPython 0.12.1''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide 4'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Prerequisite'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To practice this tutorial you should be familiar with, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Basic biochemistry &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can also refer to '''Spoken Tutorials''' on '''Python''' for better understanding of this tutorial. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These are available at '''www.spoken-tutorial.org''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide 5'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Python Functions and Methods&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We have already learnt a few functions and methods like:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* '''len() ''': to find the length of the string&lt;br /&gt;
* '''count()''': to count occurrences in a string&lt;br /&gt;
* '''lower()''' and '''upper()''' to change the case etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Open the terminal by pressing''' Ctrl, Alt and T'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Lets switch to the terminal and learn a few more functions and methods. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press '''Ctrl, Alt '''and '''T''' keys simultaneously &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the terminal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| At the prompt type''' ipython 3''' and press enter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''IPython''' opens with a prompt.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the terminal.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Lets begin with concatenation:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It means joining two different strings using plus ('''+''')symbol.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_DNA = “ATGC” + “GCAT”'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press '''Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| At the prompt:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Type the variable name as, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_DNA '''equal to , in double quotes '''ATGC''' plus again in double quotes '''GCAT'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
press '''Enter''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type '''print(my_DNA)'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Now let us print the output.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Type '''print(my_DNA)'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Highlight '''ATGCGCAT '''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Note that the output shows a combination of two strings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''dna1 = “ATGC”'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''dna2 = “GCAT”'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We can also concatenate two different strings stored in different variables.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''dna1 = “ATGC”''' press '''Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''dna2 = “GCAT”''' press '''Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Concatenate the two strings using plus symbol. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''dna3 = “dna1” + “dna2”'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Lets store the new string in variable called '''dna3.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''dna3 = “dna1” + “dna2”''' press '''Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Highlight&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''&amp;quot;ATGCGCAT&amp;quot;'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We get an output '''&amp;quot;ATGCGCAT&amp;quot;'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that the two strings are combined to form a new string.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Another very useful method often used is,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Replace a character in a string with another.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type '''my_DNA = &amp;quot;ATGCGCAT&amp;quot;'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| For example lets store a DNA sequence in a variable &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Type,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_DNA = &amp;quot;ATGCGCAT&amp;quot;'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To replace all the '''Thiamine''' in the string with U'''raci'''l i.e, to convert the DNA to RNA sequence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_DNA.replace(“T” , “U”)'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press''' Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The variable name , &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_DNA''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dot &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
replace &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With in brackets in quotes '''T''' space comma space within quotes''' U'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press '''Enter''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Highlight '''AUGCGCAU'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The output shows the string with all the '''Thiamine''' replaced with '''Uracil'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We can also replace more than one character in a string. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press up arrow to get variable '''my_DNA = “ATGCGCAT”'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Lets demonstrate this:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press up arrow to get variable '''my_DNA = “ATGCGCAT”'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will replace a part of the string with a new set of characters.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_DNA.replace('GCGC' , 'CATG')'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press '''Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_DNA''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
dot &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''replace''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
within brackets in quotes '''GCGC''' space comma space within quotes '''CATG'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press '''Enter''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Highlight output&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''ATCATGAT'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The output shows the part of the string is replaced by a new one.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will now learn how to find the position of a character in a string. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Lets make use of a protein sequence as an example&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_protein = &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;&amp;quot;alspadkanl”'''&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| At the prompt type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_protein = &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;&amp;quot;alspadkanl”'''&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To find the position of '''Proline''', which is represented as alphabet p:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We will make use of method '''find.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_protein.find(“p”)'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press''' Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type the name of the variable i.e, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_protein''' followed by dot find in brackets in single quotes''' p'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press '''Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Highlight 3&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Output shows number '''3'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| In Python,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We count the characters in the string starting from 0 instead of 1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Highlight '''a'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Position zero is first character in the string I.e, A'''lanine'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Highlight p&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Position three is therefore '''Proline'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_protein.find(“d”)'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Press Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Lets practice with a couple of more examples.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_protein.find(“d”)''' for '''Aspartic''' '''acid'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press '''Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Highlight '''5'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Output shows number 5, which is the 6th position in the string.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_protein.find(“a”)''' for '''Alanine'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press '''Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To find alanine , type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_protein.find(“a”)''' for '''Alanine'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press '''Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Highlight '''0'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Output shows 0, which is the first position on the string,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is also the position which it occurs first on the string.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Assignment&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
slide 6&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| What will be the output if we try to find an '''Amino acid '''that is not found on the string.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Make note of your observations.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press up arrow key&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Back to the terminal again.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press up arrow key to get the command&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''my_protein = &amp;lt;tt&amp;gt;&amp;quot;alspadkanl”'''&amp;lt;/tt&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Often we may need only a part of the string to work with.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This process is called '''extracting''' a substring.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Highlight''' spad'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| As an example we will try to extract '''spad''' from the above sequence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;my_protein[ 2:6] &amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press '''Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To extract a part of the string stored in a variable:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Type '''&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;my_protein[2:6]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Enclosed in these brackets are start and stop positions separated by a colon. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The positions are '''inclusive''' at the start, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
but '''exclusive''' at the stop .&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;my_protein[2:6] &amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press '''Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Highlight '''s '''and '''d'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Output shows '''spad''', which means: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The expression '''&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;my_protein[ 2:6]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;''' extracts the portion of the string:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
starting at third character I.e, 's' and ends before 7th I.e, 'd' which is 6th character.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;my_protein[0:3]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Press Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;my_protein[5:7]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Press Enter'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will demonstrate with a few more examples.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Type &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;my_protein[0:3]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press Enter&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;my_protein[5:7]&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press Enter&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Observe the output. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide 7'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Summary&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let's summarize what we have learnt in this tutorial&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Concatenation (Adding two strings )&lt;br /&gt;
* Replacing a character in a string.&lt;br /&gt;
* Find the position of character in a string.&lt;br /&gt;
* Extracting part of a string.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Assignment'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''slide 8'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| As an assignment&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Find the position of '''ash''' in the given protein sequence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''aksdhashdaks'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Extract a fragment '''hashd''' from the sequence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide 9'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''About Spoken Tutorial Project '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The video available at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. Pls watch it. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide 10'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''About Spoken Tutorial workshops'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team conducts workshops and gives certificates to those who pass an online test. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For more details, please write to us. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide 11'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Acknowledgement'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Spoken Tutorial ProjecThese 3 slides remain as before, on LaTeX. Only the narration will now be as given here.t is supported by the NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More information on this Mission is available at this link. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The script is contributed by Snehlatha and Trupti Kini.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And this is Trupti Kini from IIT Bombay signing off. Thank you for joining. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Trupti</name></author>	</entry>

	</feed>