Madhurig at 06:28, 26 August 2024

2024-08-26T06:28:59Z

Nirmala Venkat: Created page with "
{| border="1" |- || '''Visual Cue''' || '''Narration''' |- |- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;paddin..."

2024-08-22T12:31:07Z

Created page with " <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"></div> {| border="1" |- || '''Visual Cue''' || '''Narration''' |- |- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;paddin..."

New page

<div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"></div>
{| border="1"
|-
|| '''Visual Cue'''
|| '''Narration'''
|-
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide:

'''Welcome'''
|| Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on '''" File Management ".'''
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide:

'''Learning Objectives'''
|| In this tutorial, we will learn
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">How to manage files using '''Python.'''</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">List the type of files in a directory.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Error and exception handling.</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide:

'''System Requirements'''* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''Ubuntu''' '''Linux OS 22.04'''</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''Python 3.12.3'''</div>

|| To record this tutorial, I am using
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''Ubuntu Linux os version 22.04'''</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''Python version 3.12.3'''</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide:

'''Prerequisite'''
[https://www.spoken-tutorial.org/ https://spoken-tutorial.org]
|| To follow this tutorial

* You must have basic knowledge of using '''Linux Terminal '''and''' Python.'''
* For pre-requisite '''Linux''' and '''Python '''Tutorials, please visit this website.
* Python libraries required for automation must be installed

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide:

'''Code files'''
||
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The files used in this tutorial are provided in the '''Code files''' link.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Please download and extract the files.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Make a copy and then use them while practicing.</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide:

'''File Management'''
|| File management in automation is crucial:
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">For seamless organization of files.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">To ensure efficient storage and retrieval.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">To facilitate smooth automated workflows.</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide: '''File Management - Libraries '''
|| To automate file management, we need the below libraries:
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''shutil:''' It offers high-level operations on files and collections of files.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''os:''' It provides functions for interacting with the operating system.</div>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show screenshot:(slides folder)</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">'''Sample_files.png'''</div>
|| <div style="color:#000000;">In this tutorial, we will learn how to organize files based on extension.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">As you can see, this folder is disorganized with various files. </div>

<div style="color:#000000;">It is quite hard to search a file if your folder is unorganized.</div>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show screenshot:</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">'''Organized_files.png'''</div>
|| <div style="color:#000000;">By using file automation, we can neatly organize files as shown here.</div>

<div style="color:#000000;">The files are sorted into folders by their extensions.</div>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Only narration:
|| Let us see how this automation is done using python.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show '''Sample''' folder.
|| For this download the '''sample.zip''' file from the '''code files'''.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Extract the zip file.
|| Extract the files from the zip folder before using it.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Open '''Sample '''folder.
|| The '''Sample '''folder contains various files and also a sub folder named '''Miscellaneous.'''
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Open '''More files''' folder.
|| Inside the '''Miscellaneous''' folder, there are few more files.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Point to the '''File Management.py '''in downloads folder
|| I have created a source code '''File Management.py '''for an automation demonstration.

Let us open the file in the text editor.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''import os'''

'''import shutil'''
|| First we import the '''os '''and '''shutil '''modules required for file management.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''def print_unique_extensions(directory):'''
|| Next, we define a function''' print_unique_extensions.'''

This''' '''function prints all unique file extensions in a given directory.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:''' if not os.path.exists(directory):'''

'''print(f"Error: Directory '{directory}' not found.")'''

'''return'''

|| we check if the given directory exists.If not, we print the directory not found and exit the function.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''try:'''
|| We then use a '''try '''block to catch potential errors.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''extensions = set()'''
|| Inside the block we create an empty set to store unique extensions.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''for root, _, files in os.walk(directory):'''
|| Next we use a '''for''' loop to iterate through the directory.

Here,

The '''root '''is the current directory path.

The '''underscore''' represents the list of directories.

Since it is not used in the '''os.walk''' function, let us keep it as '''_.'''

The '''os.walk '''function generates file names in a directory tree.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''for file in files:'''
|| Then we use a '''nested''' '''for '''loop to iterate through each file.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''extensions.add(os.path.splitext(file)[1])'''

'''print("Unique file extensions:", extensions)'''
|| Inside the loop the '''os.path.splitext '''function gets the extension from each file.

We use the '''extension.add '''function to add the extension to the set.

Then we print all the extensions.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''except Exception as e:'''

'''print(f"Error listing files: {e}")'''
|| If an error occurs, the '''except '''block will catch the exception and print a message.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''def organize_files_by_extension(directory):'''
|| Now we define a function named '''organize_files_by_extension.'''

This''' '''function organizes files by their extensions within the parent directories.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''try: for root, _, files in os.walk(directory):'''
|| Within a''' try''' block, We run a '''for''' loop to iterate the directory.

The '''os.walk''' is used to traverse the directory tree.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:'''extension_dirs = {}'''
|| We then initialize a dictionary to store directories for each extension.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''for file in files:'''

'''file_path = os.path.join(root, file)'''
|| We then use a '''nested''' '''for '''loop to iterate through each file.

Then using '''os.path.join '''we construct the full file path.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:'''if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(directory, file)):'''
|| Now we use an '''if '''condition to check if it's actually a file.

To do this we use the function '''os.path.isfile.'''
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight: '''_, extension = os.path.splitext(file)'''
|| Using '''os.path.splitext '''we split the base name and the extension.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''if extension:'''
|| We then use a '''nested if '''to check if the file has an extension.

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''target_dir = os.path.join(directory, extension[1:])'''
|| Next we create a directory name based on the extension using '''os.path.join''' function'''.'''
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''if target_dir not in extension_dirs: os.makedirs(target_dir, exist_ok=True) '''
||

By using a '''nested''' '''if '''we check if the target directory already exists.

If not, we create it using the '''os.makedirs '''function'''.'''
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight: '''shutil.move(os.path.join(directory, file), os.path.join(target_dir, file))'''
|| We then move the file to the target directory using '''shutil.move.'''

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''except Exception as e:'''

'''print(f"Error organizing files: {e}")'''
|| If an error occurs, the '''except '''block will catch the exception and print a message.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:

'''directory_path = input("Enter the directory path to organize: ")'''

|| Finally, we get the location of the directory from the user.

The '''directory_path '''holds the path to the directory you want to organize.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight: '''print_unique_extensions(directory_path)'''

'''organize_files_by_extension(directory_path)'''
|| We then call the two functions '''print_unique_extensions''' and '''organize_files_by_extension'''.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Only narration
|| Now let us execute the code.

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Only narration
|| Save the code as '''File Management.py '''in the '''Downloads '''folder.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Open terminal'''(Ctrl + Alt + T)'''
|| Open the '''terminal''' by pressing '''Control + Alt + T '''keys simultaneously.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''>'''Type '''source Automation/bin/activate'''

Then press enter.
|| We’ll open the virtual environment for the '''Automation''' series.Type '''source space Automation forward slash bin forward slash activate.'''

Then press enter.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''>'''Type <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''cd Downloads'''</span>
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">Now type, </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''cd Downloads'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">.</span>

<span style="background-color:#ffffff;">Press </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''Enter.'''</span>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''>'''Type <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''python3 File_Management.py'''</span>
|| Let us run the code.

Type '''python3 space File underscore Management dot py '''

Press '''Enter.'''
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:'''Enter the directory path to organize: '''

>Type''' /home/dhaarani/Downloads/Sample'''
|| Here I want to organize the '''sample''' folder in my '''Downloads'''.
Type the location of your folder as shown here.

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight the output:

'''Unique file extensions: {'.mov', '.txt', '.pdf', '.mp4', '.doc', '.csv', '.ppt', '.png', '.webm', '.mp3', '.Identifier'}'''
|| We can see that the unique extensions in the '''sample folder''' are listed here.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight :

'''The Files are organized Successfully.'''
|| Also we can see a message saying the files are organized successfully.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Open the''' Sample folder'''
|| Let us open the '''Sample '''folder again.We can see that files are organized in directories based on their extensions.

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Open the '''Miscellaneous folder'''
|| Let us open the '''Miscellaneous folder '''too.

The files inside the sub folder are also now organized.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Only narration:
|| Let us now see the error handling while executing the code.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| '''>'''Type <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''python3 File_Manag ement.py'''</span>
|| <div style="color:#ff0000;"></div>

In the terminal, type '''python3 space File underscore Management dot py '''

Press '''Enter.'''

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:'''Enter the directory path to organize: '''

>Type''' test'''
|| Type '''test '''The directory''' test '''does not exist in my system.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Highlight:'''Error: Directory 'test' not found.'''
|| We can see that the output shows an error as the directory is not found.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Only narration

|| Similarly if the folder location does not have any files we get an error message.

The '''try - except '''block in the source code will catch these errors.

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| >Type: '''deactivate'''
|| Type '''deactivate '''to exit the virtual environment.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide:

'''Summary'''
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">This brings us to the end of the tutorial. Let us summarize.</span>

In this tutorial, we have learnt about
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">How to manage files using '''Python.'''</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">List the type of files in a directory.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Error and exception handling.</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide:

'''Assignment'''
|| As an assignment, please do the following:
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Organize files based on extension.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Print the number of directories created.</div>
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Print the number of files in each directory.</div>

|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide:

'''About the Spoken Tutorial Project'''
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">The video at the following link summarizes the </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''Spoken Tutorial project'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">.</span>

Please download and watch it.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show Slide:

<span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''Spoken Tutorial Workshops'''</span>
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">The </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''Spoken Tutorial Project'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"> team conducts workshops and gives certificates.</span>

For more details, please write to us.
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"
|| Show Slide:

'''Answers for THIS Spoken Tutorial'''
|| Please post your timed queries in this forum.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show Slide:

'''FOSSEE Forum'''
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">For any general or technical questions on </span>'''Python for'''

'''Automation'''<span style="background-color:#ffffff;">, visit the</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">''' FOSSEE forum'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"> and post your question.</span>
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide

'''Acknowledgement'''
|| '''Spoken Tutorial''' Project was established by the '''Ministry of Education, Government of India'''.
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"
|| Show slide:

'''Thank You'''
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">This is </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''Dhaarani Pushpam S, '''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">a FOSSEE Semester long intern 2024, IIT Bombay signing off.</span>

Thanks for joining.
|-
|}
<div style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;"></div>

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 Title of the script: File Management
 Author: Dhaarani Pushpam S
 Keywords: python file management, directory handling, error handling, shutil library, os library, video tutorial, spoken tutorial.

Python-for-Automation/C2/File-Management/English - Revision history

Madhurig at 06:28, 26 August 2024

Madhurig at 06:27, 26 August 2024

Nirmala Venkat: Created page with "
{| border="1" |- || '''Visual Cue''' || '''Narration''' |- |- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;paddin..."

Python-for-Automation/C2/File-Management/English - Revision history

Madhurig at 06:28, 26 August 2024

Madhurig at 06:27, 26 August 2024

Nirmala Venkat: Created page with " {| border="1" |- || '''Visual Cue''' || '''Narration''' |- |- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;paddin..."

Nirmala Venkat: Created page with "
{| border="1" |- || '''Visual Cue''' || '''Narration''' |- |- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;paddin..."