Nancyvarkey: Created page with "{|border=1 ||'''Time''' ||'''Narration''' |- ||00:01 || Welcome to this tutorial on '''Energy Forms and Changes simulation'''. |- ||00:07 || In this tutorial, we will demo..."

2022-08-12T10:11:18Z

Created page with "{|border=1 ||'''Time''' ||'''Narration''' |- ||00:01 || Welcome to this tutorial on '''Energy Forms and Changes simulation'''. |- ||00:07 || In this tutorial, we will demo..."

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{|border=1
||'''Time'''
||'''Narration'''

|-
||00:01
|| Welcome to this tutorial on '''Energy Forms and Changes simulation'''.

|-
||00:07
|| In this tutorial, we will demonstrate '''Energy Forms and Changes''', '''PhET simulation'''.

|-
|| 00:15
|| Here I am using: '''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version 14.04,

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|| 00:23
|| '''Java''' version 1.7.0,

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|| 00:27
|| '''Firefox Web Browser''' version 53.02.2.

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|| 00:33
|| To follow this tutorial, learner should be familiar with topics in high-school physics.

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||00:41
|| Using this '''simulation''', we will learn:

1. To conserve energy in real-life systems.

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|| 00:50
||2. To compare thermal conductivity of different objects.

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|| 00:55
|| 3. About different forms of energy.

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||00:58
|| Using this '''simulation''', we will:

1. Predict how energy flows when objects are heated or cooled.

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|| 01:07
|| 2. Design energy systems.

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|| 01:10
||3. Study how energy changes from one form to another.

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|| 01:15
|| Energy is the capacity to do work on objects.

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|| 01:20
|| It is a '''scalar''' quantity.

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|| 01:23
|| In '''SI system''', it is measured in '''joules'''.

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|| 01:27
|| Energy exists in nature in several forms such as-

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|| 01:32
|| mechanical energy,

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|| 01:35
|| electrical energy,

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|| 01:38
|| thermal energy,

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|| 01:40
|| Light energy and

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|| 01:42
|| chemical energy.

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|| 01:45
|| Use the given '''link''' to download the '''simulation'''.

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|| 01:50
|| I have already downloaded '''Energy Forms and Changes simulation''' to my '''Downloads''' folder.

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|| 01:57
|| To '''run''' the '''simulation''', open the '''terminal'''.

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|| 02:01
|| At the '''prompt''', type: '''cd Downloads''' and press '''Enter'''.

|-
|| 02:08
|| Then type: '''java space hyphen jar space energy hyphen forms hyphen and hyphen changes underscore en dot jar''' and press '''Enter'''.

|-
|| 02:24
|| '''Energy Forms and Changes simulation''' opens.

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||02:28
|| The '''simulation''' screen has 2 tabs at the top- '''Intro''' and '''Energy Systems'''.

|-
|| 02:35
|| By default, '''Intro''' screen opens.

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|| 02:39
|| '''Intro''' screen helps to predict how thermal energy flows when objects are heated or cooled.

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||02:47
|| Left side of the '''screen''' has a set of three thermometers.

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||02:52
|| Right side of the screen has '''Energy Symbols''' check-box.

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|| 02:57
|| Click on '''Energy Symbols''' check-box.

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|| 03:01
|| Energy chunks will appear in '''Iron''' block, '''Brick''' block and '''Water''' container.

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|| 03:08
|| Number of chunks is proportional to amount of energy in each of the objects.

|-
|| 03:14
|| In this set up, the energy transfer is in the form of thermal energy.

|-
|| 03:19
|| There are two heat '''regulator'''s to heat or cool the system.

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|| 03:24
|| Heat regulators are provided with stands.

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||03:28
|| At the bottom of the screen, we have '''Normal''' and '''Fast Forward''' radio-buttons to control the speed of '''animation''',

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|| 03:37
|| '''Play''' / '''Pause''' button,

'''Step''' button and

'''Reset All''' button.

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|| 03:42
|| Drag the '''Water''' container onto the stand.

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|| 03:46
|| Drag and attach the thermometer to the container.

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|| 03:50
|| Now drag and hold the '''slider''' of the heat regulator upwards to heat the water.

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|| 03:57
|| As the temperature increases, water evaporates and vapors are observed.

|-
|| 04:04
|| Also, observe that energy chunks escape into the atmosphere.

|-
|| 04:09
|| Next, drag and hold the '''slider''' of the heat regulator downwards to cool the water.

|-
|| 04:16
|| As the temperature decreases, water freezes and becomes ice.

|-
|| 04:22
|| Drag and place the container on the '''workbench'''.

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||04:26
|| Now, drag the '''Iron''' block and place it on the first stand.

|-
|| 04:31
|| Drag and place the thermometer on the '''Iron''' block.

|-
|| 04:35
|| Move the '''Brick''' block and '''Water''' container to a side.

|-
|| 04:40
|| Before you start heating, note the number of energy chunks in the '''Iron''' block.

|-
|| 04:46
|| Observe the temperature on the thermometer.

|-
|| 04:50
|| Drag and hold the '''slider''' of the heat regulator upwards to heat the '''Iron''' block.

|-
|| 04:56
|| Observe that energy from heat is transferred to '''Iron''' block in the form of chunks.

|-
|| 05:03
|| Here, internal energy of '''Iron''' block increases.

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|| 05:08
|| This is due to the flow of heat from the heat source to '''Iron''' block.

|-
||05:13
|| Observe that some chunks from '''Iron''' block escape into the atmosphere.

|-
|| 05:19
|| This results in decrease in the temperature of '''Iron''' block.

|-
|| 05:25
|| Again heat the '''Iron''' block to maximum temperature.

|-
|| 05:29
|| Drag and place the heated '''Iron''' block in the '''Water''' container.

|-
|| 05:34
|| Energy chunks travel from hot '''Iron''' block into water.

|-
|| 05:39
|| This results in decrease in the temperature of '''Iron''' Block.

|-
|| 05:44
|| Water becomes hot and its temperature increases.

|-
|| 05:49
|| This heat transfer process continues till objects reach thermal equilibrium.

|-
|| 05:55
|| Let us choose '''Fast Forward''' option to make the process faster.

|-
|| 06:03
|| Now, again place the '''Iron''' block on the heat regulator.

|-
|| 06:08
|| Drag and hold the slider down to cool the '''Iron''' block.

|-
|| 06:13
|| Cool the '''Iron''' block until thermometer reaches its minimum temperature.

|-
||06:19
|| Again place the cooled '''Iron''' block in '''Water''' container.

|-
|| 06:23
|| Note the temperature changes and energy chunks transformation.

|-
||06:29
|| Now place both the blocks on to the stands.

|-
|| 06:33
|| Drag and place the thermometer on the '''Brick''' block.

|-
|| 06:37
|| Heat the blocks one by one until you will see maximum rise in temperatures.

|-
|| 06:44
|| Wait till thermal equilibrium is established. Observe the decrease in temperatures.

|-
||06:53
||Observe that '''Iron''' block has more number of energy chunks than '''Brick''' block.

|-
|| 06:59
|| This indicates that '''Iron''' has more thermal conductivity than '''Brick'''.

|-
|| 07:05
|| As an assignment:

Heat '''Iron''' block and '''Brick''' block at the same time.

|-
|| 07:13
|| Place heated '''Iron''' block above the heated '''Brick''' block. And explain the observation.

|-
|| 07:20
|| Now we will move on to '''Energy Systems''' screen.

|-
|| 07:24
|| Click on '''Energy Systems''' tab.

|-
|| 07:27
|| '''Energy Systems''' screen opens.

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|| 07:31
|| This '''screen''' gives an idea about conservation of energy from everyday life.

|-
|| 07:38
|| Screen at the bottom has a set of- energy sources,

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|| 07:43
|| electrical energy generation systems and receivers.

|-
||07:50
|| '''Reset All''' button is available at the bottom right corner of the screen.

|-
|| 07:56
|| By default, screen has a set up of- Faucet as energy source,

|-
|| 08:02
|| turbine as electrical energy generation system and '''Water''' container with thermometer as a receiver.

|-
|| 08:10
|| Click on '''Energy Symbols''' check-box.

|-
|| 08:14
|| '''Forms of Energy''' panel will display.

|-
|| 08:18
|| '''Forms of Energy''' panel helps you to identify the various forms of energy.

|-
|| 08:24
|| Now drag the blue slider to turn on the faucet.

|-
|| 08:28
|| Notice that water flowing from faucet has mechanical energy.

|-
|| 08:34
|| This mechanical energy turns the turbine which creates electrical energy.

|-
|| 08:40
|| This energy causes the temperature of the water to increase.

|-
|| 08:45
|| As the temperature increases, water evaporates and vapors are observed.

|-
|| 08:51
|| It gives off more thermal energy into the atmosphere.

|-
|| 08:56
|| Here, energy is conserved as total energy of the system remains constant.

|-
|| 09:02
|| Let's set up another energy system.

|-
|| 09:06
|| Here we will select Sun as a energy source.

|-
|| 09:11
|| Replace the turbine with solar panel.
|-
|| 09:14
|| Now, instead of '''Water''' container, select incandescent bulb.

|-
|| 09:20
|| In this system, initially there is no cloud.

|-
|| 09:24
|| Here, the sun is the source of light energy.

|-
||09:28
||This light energy is absorbed by the solar panel to create electrical energy.

|-
|| 09:34
|| This electrical energy causes the bulb to glow.

|-
|| 09:38
|| The incandescent bulb converts electrical energy into a lot of thermal energy and very little light energy.

|-
|| 09:47
|| This is because the filament gets heated up.

|-
|| 09:51
|| Next, replace the incandescent bulb with the fluorescent bulb.

|-
|| 09:56
|| Observe the energy output of fluorescent bulb.

|-
|| 10:00
||Notice that the fluorescent bulb releases more Light energy and less thermal energy.

|-
|| 10:07
|| Therefore fluorescent bulb is more efficient.

|-
|| 10:11
|| Now let's see the effect of clouds on solar panel.

|-
|| 10:15
|| Drag the '''Clouds''' slider gradually from '''None''' to '''Lots'''.

|-
|| 10:20
|| As you drag the slider, clouds appear.

|-
||10:24
||Due to the presence of clouds, light energy does not reach the solar panel.

|-
|| 10:30
|| So, generation of electrical energy stops.

|-
||10:34
|| As an assignment:

Select '''cycle-generator system'''.

|-
|| 10:41
|| Explain why the cyclist must be fed in order to continue to pedal.

|-
|| 10:47
|| Set up different systems and let it run for a while.

|-
|| 10:52
|| Observe the energy transformations in each system and tabulate your observations.

|-
|| 10:59
|| Let us summarize.

|-
|| 11:02
|| In this tutorial, we have demonstrated how to use '''Energy Forms and Changes''', '''PhET simulation'''.

|-
|| 11:11
|| Using this '''simulation''', we have learnt

1. To conserve energy in real-life systems.
|-
|| 11:19
||2. To compare thermal conductivity of different objects.

|-
|| 11:24
||3. About different forms of energy.

|-
|| 11:27
|| Using this '''simulation''' we have,

1. Predicted how energy flows when objects are heated or cooled.

|-
|| 11:35
||2. Designed energy systems.

|-
|| 11:38
||3. Studied how energy changes from one form to another.

|-
|| 11:43
|| The video at the following link summarizes the '''Spoken Tutorial''' project.

Please download and watch it.

|-
|| 11:52
|| The '''Spoken Tutorial''' project team conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and

gives certificates on passing online tests.

|-
|| 12:01
|| For more details, please write to us.

|-
|| 12:05
|| Please post your timed queries on this forum.

|-
|| 12:09
|| This project is partially funded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching.

|-
||12:17
|| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by '''NMEICT, MHRD,''' Government of India.

More information on this mission is available at this link.

|-
|| 12:29
|| This is Meenal Ghoderao from IIT-Bombay. Thank you for joining.
|-
|}

PhET-Simulations-for-Physics/C2/Energy-Forms-and-Changes/English-timed - Revision history

Nancyvarkey: Created page with "{|border=1 ||'''Time''' ||'''Narration''' |- ||00:01 || Welcome to this tutorial on '''Energy Forms and Changes simulation'''. |- ||00:07 || In this tutorial, we will demo..."