Nancyvarkey: Nancyvarkey moved page PhET/C3/Neuron/English-timed to PhET-Simulations-for-Biology/C3/Neuron/English-timed without leaving a redirect

2022-08-10T13:13:15Z

Nancyvarkey moved page PhET/C3/Neuron/English-timed to PhET-Simulations-for-Biology/C3/Neuron/English-timed without leaving a redirect

Karwanjehimanshi95 at 06:58, 10 October 2019

2019-10-10T06:58:04Z

Karwanjehimanshi95: Created page with "{|border=1 ||'''Time''' ||'''Narration''' |- |- || 00:01 || Welcome to this spoken tutorial on '''Neuron PhET simulation'''. |- || 00:07 || In this tutorial we will, Dem..."

2019-10-10T06:13:45Z

Created page with "{|border=1 ||'''Time''' ||'''Narration''' |- |- || 00:01 || Welcome to this spoken tutorial on '''Neuron PhET simulation'''. |- || 00:07 || In this tutorial we will, Dem..."

New page

{|border=1
||'''Time'''
||'''Narration'''
|-

|-
|| 00:01
|| Welcome to this spoken tutorial on '''Neuron PhET simulation'''.

|-
|| 00:07
|| In this tutorial we will, Demonstrate '''Neuron''', '''PhET simulation'''.

|-
|| 00:14
|| Here I am using, Ubuntu Linux OS version 14.04

|-
|| 00:20
||Java version 1.7.0

|-
|| 00:25
||Firefox Web Browser version 53.02.2

|-
|| 00:31
|| To follow this tutorial, Learner should be familiar with topics in high school biology.

|-
|| 00:39
|| Using this '''simulation''' we will learn about, Movement of ions across the membranes when the neuron is stimulated or at rest.

|-
|| 00:51
|| Function of '''leak''' and '''gated channels'''

|-
||00:54
|| Membrane permeability.

|-
|| 00:58
||Sequence of events that generates an action potential

|-
|| 01:03
|| Use the given link to download the '''simulation'''.

|-
|| 01:08
|| I have already downloaded '''Neuron simulation''' to my '''Downloads''' folder.

|-
|| 01:14
|| To open the '''simulation''', right click on '''Neuron_en.html''' file.

|-
|| 01:19
||Select '''Open With Firefox Web Browser''' option.

|-
|| 01:24
||'''Simulation''' opens in the browser.

|-
||01:27
|| The '''simulation''' window shows a cross-section of an axon.

|-
|| 01:32
||The nerve fibre or axon is like a cylinder.

|-
|| 01:36
||The interior of axon is filled with axoplasm.

|-
|| 01:41
||Exterior is covered with a thin axon membrane.

|-
|| 01:45
||Different types of ion '''channels''' are present on axon membrane.

|-
|| 01:50
|| On the top-left corner of the screen, we have a zoom slider.

|-
|| 01:55
||This helps to see the close-up view of the membrane.

|-
|| 02:00
|| On the right-side of the interface, you will see a '''Legend''' box and '''Show''' box.

|-
|| 02:06
||'''Legend''' box shows ions and '''channels'''.

|-
|| 02:12
|| In the '''Show''' box, we have check boxes to show,

'''All Ions'''

'''Charges'''

'''Concentrations'''

'''Potential chart''' .

|-
|| 02:23
|| At the bottom of the screen we have, a box with '''Fast Forward''', '''Normal''' and '''Slow Motion''' radio buttons.

|-
|| 02:33
|| '''Rewind''', '''Play/Pause''' and '''Step''' buttons

|-
|| 02:39
|| '''Stimulate Neuron''' button and '''Reset''' button

|-
|| 02:45
|| In this '''simulation''', we will see the movement of, '''sodium''' and '''potassium''' ions across the axon membrane.

|-
|| 02:55
|| About '''Neuron''' :Neurons are highly specialized cells in nervous system.

|-
|| 03:02
||They can detect, receive and transmit different kinds of stimuli.

|-
|| 03:09
|| Drag the zoom slider, to zoom-in the axon membrane.

|-
|| 03:14
|| The ion '''channels''' are selectively permeable to different ions.

|-
|| 03:20
||Here, 2 different types of ion '''channels''' are shown.

|-
|| 03:25
||'''Leak Channel''' and '''Gated Channel'''.

|-
|| 03:29
|| For reference please refer to the '''Legend''' panel on the right-side of the screen.

|-
|| 03:35
||There are '''sodium''' and '''potassium''', '''Gated''' and '''Leak channels''' in the '''Legend''' panel.

|-
|| 03:42
|| '''Leak''' ion '''channels''' are always open.

|-
|| 03:46
||They are responsible for the resting membrane potential.

|-
|| 03:50
||'''Gated Channels''' open or close in response to a stimulus.

|-
|| 03:57
|| To observe the exchange of ions properly, keep the '''simulation''' speed slow.

|-
|| 04:03
||Click on '''Slow Motion''' radio button at the bottom of the screen.

|-
|| 04:08
||'''Sodium''' and '''potassium''' ions are seen continuously moving in and out of the membrane.

|-
|| 04:15
||They move through the respective '''leak channels'''.

|-
|| 04:19
|| In the '''Show''' box, check against '''Charges''' and '''Concentrations''' check-boxes.

|-
|| 04:28
|| Note the concentrations of '''potassium''' and '''sodium''' ions, outside and inside the membrane.

|-
|| 04:36
||Axoplasm will contain

* high concentration of '''potassium''' ions

* and low concentration of '''sodium''' ions.

|-
|| 04:45
|| The fluid outside the axon contains

* low concentration of '''potassium''' ions

* and high concentration of '''sodium''' ions.

|-
|| 04:55
||This forms a concentration gradient across the membrane.

|-
|| 05:00
|| As a result, outer surface of the membrane is positively charged.

|-
|| 05:06
||While its inner surface becomes negatively charged.

|-
|| 05:11
||Therefore the membrane is polarised.

|-
|| 05:16
|| Resting Potential.

|-
|| 05:19
||The electrical potential difference across the axon membrane is called Resting Potential.

|-
|| 05:28
|| In the '''Show''' box, check the check-box for '''Potential Chart'''.

|-
|| 05:33
|| To stimulate the neuron, click on '''Stimulate Neuron''' button.

|-
|| 05:40
|| Notice that '''Sodium''' ions move inside and '''potassium''' ions move outside.

|-
|| 05:46
||During the exchange of ions charges get exchanged.

|-
|| 05:51
|| Notice the change in polarity across the axon membrane.

|-
|| 05:56
||At this stage the nerve fibre is said to be in '''action potential''' or '''depolarized'''.

|-
|| 06:03
||This movement of ions happen through '''gated channels'''.

|-
|| 06:09
||Pause the '''simulation''' briefly.

|-
|| 06:13
|| Observe the increase in the '''membrane potential''' in the potential chart.

|-
|| 06:18
||Action potentials in neuron are known as nerve impulses.

|-
|| 06:23
|| Click on '''Play''' button to start the '''simulation'''.

|-
|| 06:27
|| After a period of action potential, again reversal of the process takes place.

|-
|| 06:34
||During this process the '''sodium''' and '''potassium''' ions move in and out.

|-
|| 06:41
|| This restores the resting potential of the membrane.

|-
|| 06:45
||This process is called repolarization.

|-
|| 06:49
||Now the fibre is ready to receive responsive stimulations.

|-
|| 06:58
|| Let us summarize.

|-
||07:01
||In this tutorial we have demonstrated, How to use, '''Neuron PhET simulation'''.

|-
|| 07:09
|| Using this '''simulation''' we have learnt about,
Movement of ions across the membranes when the neuron is stimulated or at rest.

|-
|| 07:20
||Function of '''leak''' and '''gated channels'''.

|-
|| 07:24
||Membrane permeability.

|-
|| 07:27
||Sequence of events that generates an action potential.

|-
|| 07:32
|| As an Assignment : Observe,
the difference between a '''gated channel''' and a '''leak channel'''

|-
|| 07:41
||the sequence in which ion '''channels''' open or close to propagate an action potential.

|-
|| 07:50
|| The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.

|-
|| 07:56
||Please download and watch it.

|-
|| 07:59
|| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project''' team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and gives certificates on passing online tests.

|-
|| 08:09
||For more details, please write to us.

|-
|| 08:13

|| Please post your timed queries on this forum.

|-
|| 08:17
|| This project is partially funded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching.

|-
|| 08:26
|| The Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by '''NMEICT''', '''MHRD Government of India'''.

|-
|| 08:34
|| More information on this Mission is available at this link.

|-
|| 08:39
|| This tutorial is contributed by Snehalatha Kaliappan and Meenal Ghoderao from IIT Bombay.

|-
|| 08:46
|| Thank you for joining.

|}

← Older revision	Revision as of 13:13, 10 August 2022
(No difference)

@@ Line 102: / Line 102: @@
 |-
 || 02:12
-|| In the '''Show''' box, we have check boxes to show,
+|| In the '''Show''' box, we have check boxes to show, '''All Ions''' ,'''Charges''' ,'''Concentrations''' '''Potential chart''' .
-−
 '''All Ions'''
-−
 '''Charges'''
-−
 '''Concentrations'''
-−
 '''Potential chart''' .
 |-
@@ Line 198: / Line 190: @@
 |-
 || 04:36
-||Axoplasm will contain
+||Axoplasm will contain high concentration of '''potassium''' ions and low concentration of '''sodium''' ions.
-−
-* high concentration of '''potassium''' ions
-−
-* and low concentration of '''sodium''' ions.
 |-
 || 04:45
-|| The fluid outside the axon contains
+|| The fluid outside the axon contains low concentration of '''potassium''' ions and high concentration of '''sodium''' ions.
-−
-* low concentration of '''potassium''' ions
-−
-* and high concentration of '''sodium''' ions.
 |-
@@ Line 310: / Line 294: @@
 |-
 || 07:09
-|| Using this '''simulation''' we have learnt about,
+|| Using this '''simulation''' we have learnt about, Movement of ions across the membranes when the neuron is stimulated or at rest.
 Movement of ions across the membranes when the neuron is stimulated or at rest.
 |-
@@ Line 327: / Line 310: @@
 |-
 || 07:32
-|| As an Assignment : Observe,
+|| As an Assignment : Observe, the difference between a '''gated channel''' and a '''leak channel'''
 the difference between a '''gated channel''' and a '''leak channel'''
 |-

PhET-Simulations-for-Biology/C3/Neuron/English-timed - Revision history

Nancyvarkey: Nancyvarkey moved page PhET/C3/Neuron/English-timed to PhET-Simulations-for-Biology/C3/Neuron/English-timed without leaving a redirect

Karwanjehimanshi95 at 06:58, 10 October 2019

Karwanjehimanshi95: Created page with "{|border=1 ||'''Time''' ||'''Narration''' |- |- || 00:01 || Welcome to this spoken tutorial on '''Neuron PhET simulation'''. |- || 00:07 || In this tutorial we will, Dem..."