PhET/C2/pH-Scale/English - Revision history

Meenalghoderao at 11:55, 7 August 2018

2018-08-07T11:55:13Z

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Madhurig at 10:55, 7 August 2018

2018-08-07T10:55:15Z

Madhurig at 10:54, 7 August 2018

2018-08-07T10:54:19Z

Meenalghoderao at 12:30, 14 August 2017

2017-08-14T12:30:01Z

Madhurig at 10:34, 28 July 2017

2017-07-28T10:34:07Z

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Meenalghoderao at 08:01, 28 July 2017

2017-07-28T08:01:30Z

Meenalghoderao at 06:25, 28 July 2017

2017-07-28T06:25:43Z

Meenalghoderao: Created page with "{| border =1 ||'''Visual Cue''' ||'''Narration''' |- | | '''Slide Number 1''' '''Title slide''' | | Welcome to this Spoken tutorial on '''pH scale''' using '''interactive Ph..."

2017-07-18T06:33:06Z

Created page with "{| border =1 ||'''Visual Cue''' ||'''Narration''' |- | | '''Slide Number 1''' '''Title slide''' | | Welcome to this Spoken tutorial on '''pH scale''' using '''interactive Ph..."

New page

{| border =1
||'''Visual Cue'''
||'''Narration'''
|-
| | '''Slide Number 1'''

'''Title slide'''
| | Welcome to this Spoken tutorial on '''pH scale''' using '''interactive PhET simulation'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 2'''

'''Learning Objectives'''
| | In this tutorial we will learn-

How to use '''interactive PhET simulation''', '''pH scale'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 3'''

'''Pre-requisites'''
| | To follow this tutorial,

Learners should be familiar with topics in high school science.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 4'''

'''System Requirements'''
| | Here I am using-

Ubuntu Linux OS version 14.04

Java version 1.7.0

Firefox Web Browser version 53.02.2
|-
| | '''Slide Number 5'''

'''Learning Goals'''
| | Using this '''simulation''' we will learn to-
Determine whether a given solution is an '''acid''' or a '''base'''.

Arrange '''acids''' and '''bases''' according to their strength.

Determine the '''concentration''' of '''hydroxide ion''', '''hydronium ion''' and '''water''' at a given '''pH'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 6'''

'''Learning Goals'''
| | Using this '''simulation''' we will learn about,

'''pH''' of a solution.

Effect of dilution on '''pH''' of a solution.

'''Logarithmic''' and '''Linear''' scale.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 7'''

'''pH scale'''
| | '''pH scale''' -

Numeric scale used to specify the '''acidity''' or '''basicity''' of an aqueous solution.

'''pH''' is a measure of '''hydrogen ion concentration''' in mol/L .
|-
| | '''Slide Number 8'''

'''Formula for pH calculation'''.

Point to the formula.

'''pH = - log[H+]'''

| | '''pH''' is negative '''logarithm''' to base 10 of '''hydrogen ion concentration'''.

'''pH = - log[H+]'''
|-
| | '''Slide Number 9'''

'''pH for Acids, Bases and Neutral Solutions'''.

| | For '''Acidic''' solutions, '''pH''' is less than 7(< 7).

For '''Basic''' solutions, '''pH''' is greater than 7 (> 7).

For '''Neutral''' solutions, '''pH''' is equal to 7 (= 7).
|-
| | '''Slide Number 10'''

'''Link for PhET simulation'''

point to 

[http://phet.colorado.edu/ http://phet.colorado.edu]
| | Use the given link to download the '''simulation'''.

[http://phet.colorado.edu/ http://phet.colorado.edu]
|-
| | Point to the file in '''Downloads''' folder.
| | I have already downloaded the '''pH Scale PhET''', to my '''Downloads''' folder.
|-
| | Right click on '''ph-scale html file'''.

Click on '''Open With Firefox Web Browser'''.
| | To open the '''simulation''', right click on '''ph-scale html file'''.

Choose the option '''Open With Firefox Web Browser'''.

The file opens in the '''Browser'''.
|-
| | Cursor on the '''interface'''.
| | This is the ''' interface'''of '''pH scale simulation'''.
|-
| | Point to the each screen.
| | The '''interface''' has three screens-

'''Macro'''

'''Micro'''

'''My solution'''
|-
| | Cursor on the '''Macro''' screen.

Click on '''Macro '''screen.
| | Let us begin our '''simulation''' with '''Macro''' screen.

Click on '''Macro''' screen to open it.
|-
| | Cursor on '''Macro''' screen.

Cursor on a '''pH scale'''.

Point to a green '''probe'''.

Point to a '''pH meter'''.

| | This screen has-

A '''pH scale''' on the left, to display '''pH''' range from 0 to 14.

A green '''probe''' attached to '''pH scale''' to measure '''pH''' and

A '''pH meter''' to show '''pH''' of the liquids.
|-
| | Cursor on '''water pump'''.

Cursor on '''water container'''.

Point to '''pump'''.
| | A '''Water pump''' on the right side of screen to add '''water'''.

A Graduated '''water container''' filled by default with '''Chicken Soup'''.

A '''pump''' to remove solution is attached at the bottom left of the '''container'''.
|-
| | Point to the '''Dropper'''.

Cursor on '''Drop down box'''.

Point to '''Chicken Soup.'''
| | A '''Dropper''' to add liquid.

A '''Drop down box''' to choose one of the liquids.

By default '''Chicken Soup''' is selected.
|-
| | Point to '''Reset Button'''.
| | A '''Reset Button''' is provided at the right hand side bottom corner.
|-
| | Click on the '''drop down arrow'''.

Scroll to '''Battery Acid''' and click.

Point to the '''container'''.

Point to 0.5 L.
| | Click on the '''drop down arrow'''.

Scroll to '''Battery Acid ''' and click on it.

Notice that, the '''container''' is filled with '''Battery Acid''' upto 0.50 L (0.5litres).
|-
| | Drag the green '''probe'''.

Point to the '''pH meter'''.

| | Drag the green '''probe''' into the '''container''' and

Observe the '''pH'''.

'''Meter''' shows the '''pH''' value as 1.0

As '''pH''' is less than 7(<7), '''Battery Acid''' is an '''acidic''' solution.
|-
| | Click on '''water pump'''.

Point to the '''container'''.

Cursor on the '''pH meter'''.
| | Now click on the '''water pump''' to add more '''water'''.

Increase the '''water''' level upto 1Litre.

Observe the change in '''pH''' on addition of '''water'''.

Now '''pH meter''' shows '''pH''' value as 1.30.
|-
| | Point to '''pH meter'''.
| | Notice that '''pH''' of '''Battery Acid''' increases on addition of '''water'''.

This is because '''hydrogen [H+] ion concentration''' decreases with dilution.
|-
| |
| | Now we will select another solution.
|-
| | Click on '''drop down arrow'''.

Scroll and click on '''Hand Soap'''.

Point to the '''container'''.
| | Click on '''drop down arrow'''.

Scroll to '''Hand Soap''' and click on it.

'''Container''' is filled with '''Hand Soap''' solution.
|-
| | Point to the '''pH meter'''.

| | Here, '''pH meter''' shows the value of '''pH''' as 10.00.

This indicates that '''Hand Soap''' is '''basic''' in nature.
|-
| | Click on '''water pump'''.

| | Click on '''water pump''' to add '''water''' to ''' Hand Soap''' solution.
|-
| | Click on '''water pump'''.

Cursor on the '''pH meter'''.
| | For 1 L, '''Hand Soap''' solution shows a '''pH''' value of 9.70.

We can see that '''pH''' of '''Hand Soap''' solution decreases on dilution.

This is because '''hydroxide ion (OH- ) concentration''' decreases with dilution.
|-
| | Click on bottom '''pump'''.

Click on '''dropper'''.

Point to the '''pH meter'''.
| | Click on the bottom '''pump''' to remove half litre of '''Hand Soap''' solution.

Click on the '''dropper''' and increase the level of '''Hand Soap''' solution to 0.6 L.

Notice the change in '''pH'''.

It increases as '''concentration''' of '''hydroxide ion (OH- )''' increases.
|-
| |
| | Now we will arrange the '''acids''' and '''bases''' according to their strengths.
|-
| | Click on '''drop down arrow'''.

Click on '''Blood'''.

Point to the '''container''' and 0.5 L.

Point to the '''pH meter'''.
| | For that we will check the '''pH''' of different liquids.

Click on '''drop down arrow''' and select '''Blood'''.

'''Container''' is filled with '''Blood''' upto 0.50 L.

'''Meter''' shows the '''pH''' value as 7.40

As '''pH''' is greater than 7( >7), '''Blood''' is a '''basic''' solution.
|-
| | Click on '''drop down arrow'''.

Click on '''Orange Juice'''

Point to the '''pH meter''' and 0.50 L.
| | Again click on '''drop down arrow''' and select '''Orange Juice'''.

'''Meter''' shows '''pH''' value as 3.50 for 0.50 L.

It is clear that '''Orange Juice''' is an '''acidic''' solution.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 11'''

pH of '''acids''' and '''bases'''.
| | According to the above '''pH''' values the order is as follows.

'''Hand soap > Blood > Orange Juice> Battery Acid'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 12'''

'''Assignment'''
| | As an assignment,

Check the '''pH''' of each liquid.

And arrange the liquids according to the '''pH''' range.
|-
| | Point to the '''Micro''' screen.

Click on the '''Micro''' screen.
| | Now, we will move on to '''Micro''' screen.

Click on '''Micro''' screen at the bottom of the '''interface'''.
|-
| | Cursor on the screen.

Point to '''pH scale'''.

Point to '''Concentration''' and '''Quantity''' switch.

Point to and click on -ve red button.

Point to '''Logarithmic''' and '''Linear''' switch.

| | This screen has the following tools-

A '''pH scale''' on the left hand side of screen.

A switch on the top of '''pH scale''' to select between '''Concentration''' and '''Quantity'''.

A red button with a minus(-) to hide '''pH scale'''.

A switch at the bottom to select between '''Logarithmic''' and '''Linear scale'''.
|-
| | Point to Checkboxes.

Point to and click on -ve red button.
| | Checkboxes to select-

'''Hydronium ion''' to '''hydroxide ion ratio''' '''(H30+/OH- )''' and
'''Molecule count'''.

In the '''pH meter''', a red button with a minus(-) to hide '''pH reader''' and value.
|-
| | Click on '''drop down arrow'''.

Scroll and click on '''Soda Pop'''.

Point to the '''container'''.
| | Click on the '''drop down arrow''' and select '''Soda Pop'''.

'''Container''' is filled with '''Soda Pop'''.
|-
| | Point to '''pH meter'''.
| | '''pH meter''' shows '''pH''' value as 2.50.

It means, '''Soda Pop''' is an '''acidic''' solution.
|-
| | Point to '''pH scale''' 3.2 x 10-3.

Point to '''pH scale''' 3.2 x 10-12.
| | As '''Soda Pop''' is '''acidic''',

'''Concentration''' of '''hydronium ion''' is high and '''hydroxide ion''' is low.
|-
| | Click on '''Quantity''' switch.

Point to (5.0 x 10-3)

Point to (5.0 x 10-13) and

point to (28).
| | Then click on '''Quantity(mol)''',
we will see the number of moles of '''hydronium ion''', '''hydroxide ion''' and '''water'''.
|-
| | Point to '''Linear'''.

Click on '''Linear'''.

Point to '''pH scale'''.

| | Let us change '''Logarithmic scale''' to '''Linear'''.

To do so click on '''Linear''' .

The '''pH scale''' changes to '''Linear'''mode.

We also see that '''pH''' values become '''Linear'''.

But we will not use '''Linear scale''' as

'''pH''' is in '''Logarithmic scale'''.
|-
| | Click on '''H30+/OH- ratio''' check box.

Point to '''container'''.

Point to red dots.

Point to blue dots.
| | Click on''' Hydronium ion '''to''' hydroxide ion ratio (H30+/OH-) ''' check box.

A large number of red dots are seen in the '''container'''.

These are '''hydronium ions'''.

A few blue dots that are seen are '''hydroxide ions''' (OH- ).
|-
| | Click on '''Molecule Count''' check box.

Point to 9.52 x 1020.

Point to 9.52 x 1012.

Point to 1.66 x 1025.
| | To see count of molecules in '''Soda Pop''', click on '''Molecule count''' check box.

Count of '''hydronium ions''', '''hydroxide ions''' and '''water''' molecules in '''Soda Pop''' is seen.
|-
| | Click on '''water pump'''.

Point to '''H30+''', '''OH-''' and '''H20'''.

Point to '''pH meter'''.
| | Let us see how dilution affects the number of molecules.

Click on '''water pump''', fill the '''container''' upto 1 L.

Observe the change in '''Molecule Count'''.

Note the increase in '''pH''' value.

'''pH''' becomes 2.80.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 13'''

'''Assignment'''
| | As an '''assignment''',

Measure the '''pH''' of '''Blood''' sample.

Observe the change in '''Molecule Count''' and '''H30+/OH- ratio''' after dilution.
|-
| | Point to '''My Solution''' screen.

Click on '''My Solution''' screen.
| | Now, we will move on to '''My Solution''' screen.

Click on '''My Solution''' screen at the bottom of the '''interface'''.
|-
| | Point to '''My Solution''' screen.
| | '''My Solution''' screen has the same tools as that of '''Macro''' and '''Micro''' screens.
|-
| | Point to the Graduated '''container'''.

Point to the '''pH meter'''.
| | This screen also has some additional tools.

A Graduated '''container''' on the right hand side of screen.

A '''pH meter''' to adjust '''pH''' directly.
|-
| | Point to the screen.

| | This screen allows direct manipulation of '''pH''' or '''concentration'''.
|-
| | Click and move '''H30+'''and '''OH-''' slider.

Click on Black Arrow upwards or downwards.
| | In this screen, we can make a solution of our choice in two ways-

By moving the '''H30+'''or '''OH-''' slider on '''pH scale'''.

By clicking black arrow upwards or downwards.
|-
| | Move the '''(H30+''') slider.

Point to '''OH-''' slider.
| | Let us move the '''hydronium ion (H30+)''' slider upwards.

Notice that, simultaneously '''Hydroxide ion(OH-)''' slider also moves downwards.
|-
| | Click on black arrow downwards.

| | Let's make a solution of '''pH''' 4.0 by clicking the black arrow downwards.

This is an '''acidic''' solution.
|-
| | Click on '''H30+'''and''' OH- ratio''' check box.

Click on '''Molecule count''' check box.

Point to 3.01 x 1019.
| | Now,

Click on '''Hydronium ion''' to '''hydroxide ion (H30+/OH- )ratio''' and '''Molecule count''' check boxes.

Notice that '''Molecule count''' for '''hydronium ion''' (H30+) is 3.01 x 1019.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 14'''

'''Assignment'''
| | As an '''assignment''',

Make solutions of '''pH''' 7.0 and 9.0.

Observe and compare the change in molecules.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 15'''

'''Summary'''
| | Let us summarize.

In this simulation we have learnt about

'''interactive PhET simulation, pH scale'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 16'''

'''Summary I'''
| | Using this simulation we have learnt to-

Determine whether a given solution is an '''acid''' or a '''base'''.

Arrange '''acids''' and '''bases''' according to their strength.

Determine the concentration of '''hydroxide ion''', '''hydronium ion''' and '''water''' at a given '''pH'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 17'''

'''Summary II'''
| | '''pH''' of a solution

Effect of dilution on '''pH''' of solution.

'''Logarithmic''' and '''Linear scale'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 18'''

'''About Spoken Tutorial project'''
| | The '''video''' at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.

Please download and watch it.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 19'''

'''Spoken Tutorial workshops'''
| | The '''Spoken Tutorial Project''' team:

Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and

gives certificates on passing online tests.

For more details, please write to us.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 20'''

'''Forum for specific questions''':

Do you have questions in THIS '''Spoken Tutorial'''?

Please visit this site.

Choose the minute and second where you have the question.

Explain your question briefly.

Someone from our team will answer them.

| | Please post your timed queries in this forum.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 21'''

'''Acknowledgement'''

| | This project is partially funded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 22'''

'''Acknowledgement'''
| | Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.

More information on this mission is available at

this link.
|-
| |
| | This is '''Meenal Ghoderao''' from '''IIT Bombay'''.

Thank you for joining.
|-
|}

@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 || Using this '''simulation''' we will learn to-
-Determine whether a given solution is an '''acid''' or a '''base'''.
+.Determine whether a given solution is an '''acid''' or a '''base'''.
-Arrange '''acids''' and '''bases''' according to their strength.
+.Arrange '''acids''' and '''bases''' according to their strength.
-Determine the '''concentration''' of '''hydroxide ion''', '''hydronium ion''' and '''water''' at a given '''pH'''.
+.Determine the '''concentration''' of '''hydroxide ion''', '''hydronium ion''' and '''water''' at a given '''pH'''.
 |-
 || '''Slide Number 6'''

@@ Line 475: / Line 475: @@
-| | This screen allows direct manipulation of '''pH''' or '''concentration'''.
+| | This screen allows direct manipulation of '''pH''' or ion '''concentration'''.
 |-
 | | Click and move '''H<sub>3</sub>0<sup>+'''</sup>and '''OH<sup>-</sup>''' slider.

@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 || Using this '''simulation''' we will learn about,
-'''pH''' of a solution.
+. '''pH''' of a solution.
-Effect of dilution on '''pH''' of a solution.
+. Effect of dilution on '''pH''' of a solution.
-'''Logarithmic''' and '''Linear''' scale.
+. '''Logarithmic''' and '''Linear''' scale.
 |-
 || '''Slide Number 7'''

@@ Line 88: / Line 88: @@
 '''Link for PhET simulation'''
-<u>point to </u>
+point to
 [http://phet.colorado.edu/ http://phet.colorado.edu]

@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 Java version 1.7.0
-Firefox Web Browser version 53.02.2
+Firefox Web Browser version 53.02.2.
 |-
 | | '''Slide Number 5'''
@@ Line 187: / Line 187: @@
 Point to the '''pH meter'''.
-| | Drag the green '''probe''' into the '''container''' and
+| | Drag the green '''probe''' into the '''container''' and Observe the '''pH'''.
-Observe the '''pH'''.
+'''Meter''' shows the '''pH''' value as 1.0.
-−
 '''Meter''' shows the '''pH''' value as 1.0
 As '''pH''' is less than 7(<7), '''Battery Acid''' is an '''acidic''' solution.
@@ Line 279: / Line 277: @@
 '''Container''' is filled with '''Blood''' upto 0.50 L.
-'''Meter''' shows the '''pH''' value as 7.40
+'''Meter''' shows the '''pH''' value as 7.40.
 As '''pH''' is greater than 7( >7), '''Blood''' is a '''basic''' solution.
@@ Line 285: / Line 283: @@
 | | Click on '''drop down arrow'''.
-Click on '''Orange Juice'''
+Click on '''Orange Juice'''.
 Point to the '''pH meter''' and 0.50 L.
@@ Line 496: / Line 494: @@
 |-
 | | Click on black arrow downwards.
 | | Let's make a solution of '''pH''' 4.0 by clicking the black arrow downwards.
@@ Line 509: / Line 504: @@
 Point to 3.01 x 10<sup>19</sup>.
-| | Now,
+| | Now, Click on '''Hydronium ion''' to '''hydroxide ion (H<sub>3</sub>0<sup>+</sup>/OH<sup>-</sup> )ratio''' and '''Molecule count''' check boxes.
-−
 Click on '''Hydronium ion''' to '''hydroxide ion (H<sub>3</sub>0<sup>+</sup>/OH<sup>-</sup> )ratio''' and '''Molecule count''' check boxes.
 Notice that '''Molecule count''' for '''hydronium ion''' (H<sub>3</sub>0<sup>+</sup>)<sup> </sup>is 3.01 x 10<sup>19</sup>.
@@ Line 529: / Line 522: @@
 | | Let us summarize.
-In this simulation we have learnt about
+In this tutorial we have learnt about,
 '''interactive PhET simulation, pH scale'''.
@@ Line 542: / Line 535: @@
 Arrange '''acids''' and '''bases''' according to their strength.
-Determine the concentration of '''hydroxide ion''', '''hydronium ion''' and '''water''' at a given '''pH'''.
+Determine the concentration of '''hydronium ion''', '''hydroxide ion''' and '''water''' at a given '''pH'''.
 |-
 | | '''Slide Number 17'''
 '''Summary II'''
-| |  '''pH''' of a solution
+| |  '''pH''' of a solution.
 Effect of dilution on '''pH''' of solution.