Snehalathak at 11:40, 11 October 2018

2018-10-11T11:40:39Z

Madhurig at 07:46, 10 October 2018

2018-10-10T07:46:18Z

Vidhya: Created page with " {|border=1 | | '''Visual Cue''' | | '''Narration''' |- | | '''Slide Number 1''' '''Title Slide''' | | Welcome to this tutorial on''' Color Vision, '''an '''interactive PhET..."

2018-09-17T08:15:20Z

Created page with " {|border=1 | | '''Visual Cue''' | | '''Narration''' |- | | '''Slide Number 1''' '''Title Slide''' | | Welcome to this tutorial on''' Color Vision, '''an '''interactive PhET..."

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{|border=1
| | '''Visual Cue'''
| | '''Narration'''

|-
| | '''Slide Number 1'''

'''Title Slide'''
| | Welcome to this tutorial on''' Color Vision, '''an '''interactive PhET simulation'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 2'''

'''Learning Objectives'''

We will demonstrate,

'''Color Vision PhET simulation'''
| | In this '''tutorial''', we will demonstrate, '''Color Vision, '''an interactive '''PhET simulation'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 3'''

'''System Requirements'''

Ubuntu Linux OS version 16.04

Java version 1.8.0

Firefox Web Browser version 60.0.2
| | Here I am using,

Ubuntu Linux''' '''OS version 16.04

Java version 1.8.0

Firefox Web Browser version 60.0.2
|-
| | '''Slide Number 4'''

'''Pre-requisites'''
| | Learners should be familiar with high school biology and physics.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 5'''

'''Learning Goals'''

White light

Colours from visible '''spectrum'''

Light and filters of different colours of visible '''spectrum'''

Red, green and blue light, separately or in combination
| | Using this simulation, we will look at colour vision when the human eye sees:

White light

Light of different colours from the visible '''spectrum'''

Light and filters of different colours of the visible '''spectrum'''

Red, green and blue light, separately or in combination
|-
| |
| | Please refer to the '''additional material''' provided with this '''tutorial'''.

Let us begin.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 6'''

'''Visible Light'''

[[Image:]]

Electromagnetic '''spectrum''', 380 -760 nm, visible light.

'''VIBGYOR'''

Lowest wavelength (highest frequency) appears violet

Highest wavelength (lowest frequency) appears red

All colours --> white light
| |'''Visible Light'''

A portion of the electromagnetic '''spectrum''' is detected by human eye as visible light.

This portion extends from 380 to 760 '''nanometers'''.

The colours of the visible '''spectrum''' can be remembered as '''VIBGYOR'''.

Violet-indigo-blue-green-yellow-orange-red

The lowest wavelength (highest frequency) appears violet.

The highest wavelength (lowest frequency) appears red.

Combining all the colours gives white light.
|-
| |
| |
|-
| | '''Slide Number 7'''

'''Link for PhET simulation'''

[http://phet.colorado.edu/ http://phet.colorado.edu]
| | Use the given link to download the '''simulation'''.

[http://phet.colorado.edu/ http://phet.colourado.edu]
|-
| | Point to the '''file''' in '''Downloads folder'''.
| | I have already downloaded the '''Color Vision simulation''' to my '''Downloads folder'''.
|-
| | Right click on '''color-vision_en.html''' file.

Select Open With Firefox Web Browser option.

Point to the browser address.
| | To open the simulation, right click on the '''color-vision_en.html''' file.

Select the '''Open With Firefox Web Browser''' option.

The file opens in the browser.
|-
| | Cursor on the '''interface'''.
| | This is the '''interface''' for the '''Color Vision simulation'''.
|-
| |
| | Now we will explore the '''interface'''.
|-
| | Point to two '''screens''' in the '''interface'''.
| | The '''interface''' has two '''screens'''

'''Single Bulb'''

'''RGB Bulbs'''
|-
| | Click on '''Single Bulb screen'''.
| | Click on '''Single Bulb screen'''.
|-
| | In the '''Single Bulb screen''', point to the person facing the right.

Point to two small images below the neck.
| | In the '''Single Bulb screen''', you can see a person facing the right.

Just below the neck are two small images.
|-
| | Point to the first highlighted image.

Point to the person’s face.
| | The first one is highlighted.

It allows you to see the person’s face.
|-
| | Click on the second image.

Point to the highlighted image and the cross-section of the person’s brain.

Show the '''optic''' nerves extending from the eyes into different parts of the brain.
| | Click on the second image.

On being highlighted, it shows the cross-section of the person’s brain.

Observe the '''optic''' nerves extending from the eyes into different parts of the brain.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 8'''

'''Color Vision'''

[[Image:]]

'''Cone '''receptors of '''retina'''

'''Trichromatic''' colour vision ('''S ~B, M~G, L~R''')
| |
'''Cone''' cells are photoreceptors in the '''retina''' that are sensitive to a range of wavelengths.

The leaf absorbs all wavelengths of visible light except green light.

Green light of 520 nanometers wavelength is reflected and reaches the eye.

Here, it activates the '''M''' or '''gamma''' type '''cones'''.

This visual information is sent from '''cones''' to retinal ganglia via the '''optic''' nerve.

The two '''optic''' nerves meet and cross over each other at the '''optic chiasma'''.

Now called '''optic''' tracts, they enter and '''synapse''' in the thalamus.

They then continue to the '''primary visual cortex''' in the '''occipital lobe''' in the back of the brain.
|-
| |
| | Let us return to the '''simulation'''.
|-
| | Point to the ellipses above the person’s head.
| | Observe the ellipses above the person’s head.

They will be filled with the colour that the person sees.
|-
| | Point to the '''Play/Pause button''' at the bottom and the '''Step button''' next to it.

Point to the '''Reset button'''.
| | Note the '''Play/Pause button''' at the bottom and the '''Step button''' next to it.

The '''Reset button''' will take us back to the start.
|-
| | Point to the torch or flashlight in front of the person’s eyes.

Point to the red '''button''' on the flashlight.
| | Observe the torch or flashlight in front of the person’s eyes.

The red '''button''' on the flashlight will switch it off and on.
|-
| | Click on the first bulb above the flashlight.

Show white light.

Click on the red '''button''' of the flashlight.
| | Click on the first bulb above the flashlight.

This is white light.

Click on the red '''button''' of the flashlight.
|-
| | Point to the first highlighted image below the flashlight.

Point to the beam of light.
| | The first image below the flashlight is highlighted by default

This will show the light as a beam.
|-
| | Click on the second image below the flashlight.

Show the '''photons'''.
| | Click on the second image below the flashlight.

This will show the light in the form of '''photons'''.
|-
| | Click on the '''Pause button'''.

Point to the '''Step button''' that is now active.
| | Click on the '''Pause button'''.

Observe that the '''Step button''' becomes active.
|-
| | Click on the '''Step button'''.
| | Click on the '''Step button '''to see the''' photons '''move in a stepwise manner.
|-
| | Click on the first beam image below the flashlight.
| | Click on the first image to return to the beam from the flashlight.
|-
| | Point to the white ellipses above the person’s head.
| | Observe the white ellipses above the person’s head.

This means that the person sees white light coming out of the flashlight.
|-
| | Click on the second bulb above the flashlight.

Point to the '''slider Bulb Color'''.
| | Click on the second bulb above the flashlight.

Observe the '''slider Bulb Color '''containing all colours of the visible '''spectrum'''.
|-
| | Drag the '''Bulb Color slider''' from end to end.

Point to the colour on which the handle is placed and the colour of the light from the flashlight.

Point to the ellipses above the person’s head.

Drag the '''Bulb Color slider''' to red at the right end.
| | Drag the '''Bulb Color slider''' from end to end.

The colour on which the handle is placed indicates the colour of the light from the flashlight.

Observe that the ellipses above the person’s head fill with the same colour.

You can change the colour that the person sees by dragging the '''Bulb Color slider'''.

Drag the '''Bulb Color slider''' to red at the right end.
|-
| | Point to the '''toggle switch''' in front of the person.

Point to the connection between the '''toggle switch''' and the '''Filter Color slider'''.

Point to the '''Filter Color slider'''.
| | Note that there is a '''toggle switch''' in front of the person.

It is connected to the '''Filter Color slider'''.

Observe that the '''Filter Color slider''' also contains the colours of the visible '''spectrum'''.
|-
| | Click on the '''toggle switch'''.

Point to the '''filter''' in the path of the beam from the flashlight.
| | Click on the '''toggle switch'''.

Observe that a '''filter''' appears in the path of the beam from the flashlight.
|-
| | Drag the '''Filter Color slider''' from end to end.

Point to the colour on which the handle is placed and the '''filter'''.

Drag '''Filter Color slider''' to red at the right end.
| | Drag the '''Filter Color slider''' from end to end.

The colour on which the handle is placed indicates the colour of the '''filter'''.

Drag '''Filter Color slider''' to red at the right end.
|-
| | Point to the red '''filter''' and the red beam.

Point to the red ellipses above the person’s head.
| | The '''filter''' becomes red and transmits a red beam.

The person also sees red light.
|-
| | Drag the '''Bulb Color slider''' to violet.

Point to the violet light beam from the flashlight.

Point to the absence of any beam from the filter to the person’s eyes.

Point to the empty ellipses above the person’s head.
| | Drag the '''Bulb Color slider''' to violet.

Violet light comes out from the flashlight.

But with red as the '''Filter Color''', no light is transmitted to the person.

The person does not see any light.
|-
| | Drag the '''Filter Color slider''' to violet at the left end.

Point to the violet '''filter''' and violet light transmitted to the person.

Point to the violet ellipses above the person’s head.
| | Drag the '''Filter Color slider''' to violet at the left end.

Note the '''filter''' becomes violet and violet light is transmitted to the person.

The person now sees violet light.
|-
| | Drag the '''Bulb Color slider''' to red at the right end.

Point to the violet '''filter''' and the red light beam.

Point to the violet '''filter''' and the absence of the red light from the filter.

Point to the empty ellipses above the person’s head.
| | Drag the '''Bulb Color slider''' to red at the right end.

Observe how the '''filter''' remains violet but the light beam is now red.

But the violet '''filter''' does not transmit the red light.

The person sees no light.
|-
| | Drag both '''sliders''' to different colours to see whether light is transmitted to the person.
| | Drag both '''sliders''' to different colours to see whether light is transmitted to the person.
|-
| | Point to both '''sliders'''.
| | Observe how light is only transmitted when both '''sliders''' are set at the same or nearly same colour.

The '''filter''' subtracts all wavelengths and only transmits the wavelength of its own colour.

Transmission is weaker for wavelengths very close to and maximum for the filter’s colour.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 9'''

'''Assignment'''

White light from flashlight

Observe light transmission from filter
| | As an assignment,

Choose white light to come from the flashlight and observe the transmission of light from the filter.
|-
| | Click on the '''RGB Bulbs screen''' at the bottom of the '''interface'''.
| | Now, let us click on the '''RGB Bulbs screen''' at the bottom of the '''interface'''.
|-
| | Show the person facing the right.

Click on the second image which allows you to see the cross-section of the person’s brain.
| | Here, too, you can see the person facing the right.

Click on the second image which allows you to see the cross-section of the person’s brain.
|-
| | Point to the '''Play/Pause, Step and Reset buttons''' at the bottom of the '''interface'''.
| | The '''Play/Pause, Step and Reset buttons''' are all seen at the bottom of the '''interface'''.
|-
| | Show 3 '''sliders''' and three flashlights on the '''screen'''.

All '''sliders''' are set at the minimum levels.

Point to the red '''slider''', then the green one and then the blue '''slider'''.
| | Three '''sliders''' and three flashlights are seen on the '''screen'''.

All '''sliders''' are set at the minimum levels.

The uppermost one is a red '''slider''', the second green and the lowermost one is a blue '''slider'''.
|-
| | Drag the red '''slider''' to the maximum level.

Show red '''photons''' coming out of the flashlight next to the red '''slider'''.

Show the '''photons''' reaching the person’s eye.

Point to the red ellipses above the person’s head.
| | Drag the red '''slider''' to the maximum level.

Note how red '''photons''' come out of the flashlight next to the red '''slider'''.

The '''photons''' reach the person’s eye and the person sees red light.
|-
| | Drag the green '''slider''' to the maximum level.

Show red and green '''photons''' coming out of the flashlights next to the red and green '''sliders'''.

Point to the yellow ellipses above the person’s head.
| | Drag the green '''slider''' to the maximum level.

Note how red and green '''photons''' come out of the flashlights next to the red and green '''sliders'''.

Red and green add to give yellow.

The '''cones''' sensitive to red and green light are activated so that the person sees yellow.
|-
| | Click the '''Pause button'''.
| | Click the '''Pause button'''.
|-
| | Drag the blue '''slider''' to the maximum level.
| | Drag the blue '''slider''' to the maximum level.
|-
| | Click on '''Play button'''.

Point to the three beams and the white ellipses above the person’s head.
| | Click on '''Play button'''.

Observe how all three colours mix so that the person sees white.
|-
| |
| | Let us summarize.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 10'''

'''Summary'''

We have demonstrated,

'''Color Vision PhET simulation'''
| | In this '''tutorial''', we have demonstrated how to use the '''Color Vision PhET simulation'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 11'''

'''Summary'''

White light

Light of different colours from visible '''spectrum'''

Light and filters for different colours of visible '''spectrum'''

Red, green and blue light, separately or in combination
| | Using this '''simulation''', we looked at colour vision when the human eye sees:

White light

Light of different colours from the visible '''spectrum'''

Light and filters for different colours of the visible '''spectrum'''

Red, green and blue light, separately or in combination
|-
| | '''Slide Number 12'''

'''Assignment'''

[[Image:]]

'''RGB'''?

'''Color wheel'''

Colors for schemes: '''complementary, analogous, triadic, rectangle'''
| | As an '''assignment''',

Adjust the red, blue and green '''sliders''' to get these 6 colours.

Which '''RGB''' combination would you pick to design these schemes?

Look for an image of the '''colour wheel''' on the '''Internet'''.

Pick colour combinations for the following schemes.
|-
| |
| | Remember to look at the '''Additional material''' provided with this '''tutorial'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 13'''

'''About the Spoken Tutorial Project'''

Watch the video available at http://spoken-tutorial.org/ What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial

It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project

If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it
| | The video at the following link summarizes the '''Spoken Tutorial project'''.

Please download and watch it

|-
| | '''Slide Number 14'''

'''Spoken Tutorial workshops'''
| | The '''Spoken Tutorial Project '''team conducts workshops using '''spoken tutorials''' and gives certificates on passing online tests.

For more details, please write to us.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 15'''

'''Forum for specific questions:'''

Do you have questions in THIS Spoken Tutorial?

Please visit this site

Choose the minute and second where you have the question

Explain your question briefly

Someone from our team will answer them
| | Please post your timed queries in this forum.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 16'''

'''Acknowledgement'''
| | This project is partially funded by '''Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching'''.
|-
| | '''Slide Number 17'''

'''Acknowledgemen'''t
| | '''Spoken Tutorial Project''' is funded by '''NMEICT, MHRD''', Government of India.

More information on this mission is available at this link.
|-
| |
| | This is '''Vidhya Iyer''' from '''IIT Bombay''', signing off.

Thank you for joining.
|-
|}

@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 '''Pre-requisites'''
-|| Learners should be familiar with high school biology and physics.
+|| Learners should be familiar with high school physics and biology.
 |-
 || '''Slide Number 5'''

PhET/C2/Color-Vision/English - Revision history

Snehalathak at 11:40, 11 October 2018

Madhurig at 07:46, 10 October 2018

Vidhya: Created page with " {|border=1 | | '''Visual Cue''' | | '''Narration''' |- | | '''Slide Number 1''' '''Title Slide''' | | Welcome to this tutorial on''' Color Vision, '''an '''interactive PhET..."