Nancyvarkey at 19:05, 10 January 2021

2021-01-10T19:05:41Z

Nirmala Venkat: Created page with " {| border="1" |- | align=center| '''Visual Cue''' | align=center| '''Narration''' |- || Slide 1: || Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''CTC Counter''' |- || Slide 2: L..."

2020-12-23T12:44:19Z

Created page with " {| border="1" |- | align=center| '''Visual Cue''' | align=center| '''Narration''' |- || Slide 1: || Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''CTC Counter''' |- || Slide 2: L..."

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{| border="1"
|-

| align=center| '''Visual Cue'''
| align=center| '''Narration'''
|-
|| Slide 1:
|| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''CTC Counter'''
|-
|| Slide 2:

Learning Objectives
* Count circular(CTC) counter
||

In this tutorial, we’ll learn about working of
* '''Count circular '''counter
|-
|| Slide 3: System Requirements
* Ubuntu 18.04''' '''OS
* LDmicro
* OpenPLC V1 Mainboard
* 24V, 2A SMPS
* USBasp programmer
* Traffic Light module
* Switchboard module

|| To record this tutorial I am using:
* '''Ubuntu Linux 18.04''' operating system
* '''LDmicro'''
* '''OpenPLC version1 Mainboard'''
* '''24V, 2A SMPS'''
* '''USBasp''' programmer
* '''Traffic Light''' module and
* '''Switchboard''' module

|-
|| Slide 4: Pre-requisites* Working of CTU and CTD counters
* If not, please refer to the relevant tutorials from [https://spoken-tutorial.org/ Home | spoken-tutorial.org]

|| * To follow this tutorial, you should know the working of '''CTU''' and '''CTD''' counters.
* If not, please refer to the relevant tutorials in this series on this website.

|-
|| Slide 5: Prerequisites - Hardware setup

hardware-prerequisite.jpg
|| Connect''' SMPS''' and '''USBasp''' to the '''Mainboard''' as shown in the picture.

Keep these connections throughout this tutorial.
|-
|| Open the LDmicro
|| Let us open '''LDmicro'''.
|-
||
|| In this tutorial, we will create a ladder logic to turn on an LED.

The condition is when the switch is pressed for exactly 3 times.
|-
|| Click ‘Instructions -> Insert Contact’

Double-click on Xnew >> Type ‘switch’ in name box >> Click OK button
|| Insert a '''Contact''' and then rename it as '''‘switch’''' as shown.
|-
|| Place the cursor to the right of Xswitch >> Click Instructions -> Counters -> Insert CTC
|| We will now insert a '''CTC''' to the right of '''Xswitch'''.

For that place the cursor to the right of '''Xswitch'''.

Click on Instructions, then Counters and then on ‘'''Insert CTC’'''.
|-
|| Double-click on Cnew
|| Double-click on the CTC.
|-
|| In the name column, type count
|| We can observe there are two columns.

First one is for the name of the counter.

Type '''‘count’''' in it.
|-
|| In the True if >= column type 3

Click the OK button
|| Second column is the Max value i.e. maximum value of the counter.

Here, we have to enter the desired count value.

We will enter 3 as the count value.

Click on the '''OK''' button.

Note that the name is prefixed by C by default.
|-
|| Click Edit -> Insert rung below
|| Now, insert a rung below.
|-
|| Place the cursor in the new rung >> Click Instructions -> Comparison operators -> Insert EQU

Place the cursor to the right of EQU >> Click Instructions -> Insert Coil
|| Insert '''equals''' compare instruction in the new rung as shown.

Place the cursor to the right of '''EQU''' and insert a '''Coil'''.
|-
|| Double-click on EQU >> Type Ccount in the ‘Closed’ if column >> Type 3 in =: column >> Click the OK button
|| In the compare instruction, compare '''Ccount''' with 3.

That is, in the '''‘Closed if’''' column type '''Ccount''' and in the '''‘equals’''' column type 3.
|-
|| Double click on the coil >> Rename it as ‘LED’ >> Click OK button
|| Rename the Coil as '''‘LED’'''.
|-
||
|| We will now check the working of this logic.
|-
|| Click Simulate -> Simulation mode >>

Click Simulate -> Real-time simulation
|| Let us turn on the simulation mode.

For that, click '''Simulate''' and then on '''Simulation mode.'''

Next, start real-time simulation as shown.
|-
|| Highlight the state of Xswitch, YLED and TON in the IO list
|| Initially the state of '''Xswitch''', '''YLED''' and '''Ccount''' are 0.
|-
|| Double-click on Xswitch in the IO list

Highlight the state of Ccount
|| Change the state of '''Xswitch''' to 1 by double clicking on it.

We can observe the '''Ccount''' value changes to 1.

Change the state of '''Xswitch''' back to 0.
|-
||
|| Just like CTU & CTD, the '''Ccount''' value updates only with the rising edge of its input.
|-
|| Double-click on Xswitch for 5 times

Highlight the state of YLED
|| Keep double clicking on '''Xswitch''' until the state of '''Ccount''' reaches 3.

We can observe the state of '''YLED''' changes to 1.
|-
|| Double-click on Xswitch

Highlight the state of Ccount
|| Once again change the state of '''Xswitch''' from 0 to 1.

We can observe the '''Ccount''' value goes back to 0.
|-
||
|| That is there is no need of '''RESET''' instruction to reset the counter.
|-
|| Click Simulate -> Halt Simulation >> Click Simulate -> Simulation Mode
|| Now, turn off the simulation mode.

For that, click '''Simulate''' and then on '''Halt Simulation.'''

Then click '''Simulate''' and '''Simulation Mode.'''
|-
||
|| Now let us compile the logic.

The detailed steps on how to compile and save the logic are explained in the earlier tutorials.
|-
|| Click on Settings >> Click on Microcontroller >> Select AVR ATmega16 40-PDIP

Click on Settings >> Click on MCU parameters >> Change Crystal frequency to 16
|| Click on '''Settings''' and select the microcontroller '''AVR ATmega16 40-PDIP.'''

Adjust its parameters as shown here.
|-
|| Double-click on Xswitch in I/O list >> Select PC0 >> Click OK button

Double-click on YLED in I/O list >> Select PA0 >> Click OK button
|| Assign pin '''PC0''' to '''Xswitch''' and '''PA0''' to '''YLED'''.
|-
|| Click on Compile >> Click on Compile >> Go to Desktop/LDmicro folder >> Rename it as ‘ctc.hex’ >> Click on Save.

Click OK button
|| Compile the logic as '''ctc.hex'''
|-
|| Click on File >> Click on Save >> Go to Desktop/LDmicro folder >> Rename it as ‘ctc.ld’ >> Click on Save
|| Save the file as '''ctc.ld'''
|-
||
|| We will now see the working of this logic on hardware.
|-
|| Connect Mainboard to PC using USBasp

laptop-usbasp.jpg

|| Connect the '''Mainboard''' to your laptop using '''USBasp'''.

Turn on the power supply.
|-
|| Open terminal >> Type cd Desktop/LDmicro >> Press ENTER >> type ‘'''avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:ctc.hex’ '''>> Press ENTER
|| Open the terminal by pressing''' CTRL+ALT+T '''keys simultaneously.

Go to the folder where you have saved the hex file.

Type the command as shown to upload the hex file to the '''Mainboard'''.
|-
|| Remove the '''USBasp''' connection from the laptop.
|| Turn off the power supply.

Remove the '''USBasp''' connection from the laptop.

This will prevent any hardware damage.
|-
|| ctc.png
|| Let us see the connection details now.
|-
|| ctc.png
|| Connect '''GND''' pin of the red LED of '''Traffic Light''' module to '''GND''' of the '''Mainboard'''.

Then connect the '''+5V pin''' of the red LED to '''PA0''' pin of the '''Mainboard'''.
|-
|| ctc.png
|| Connect '''GND''' and '''5V''' of '''switchboard''' to GND and 5V of the '''Mainboard''' respectively.

Then connect '''NO1''' of the '''Switchboard''' to '''PC0''' of the '''Mainboard'''.

Make the connections as shown in the picture.
|-
||
|| After making all the connections properly, turn on the power supply.
|-
||
|| Initially the red LED will not glow.
|-
||
|| It will glow only when NO1 is pressed for three times.

So, press the NO1 for 3 times.
|-
||
|| We can see the LED will be glowing even after NO1 is released.
|-
||
|| Press the switch '''NO1''' for one more time.

We can observe the LED goes off.

Recall that it was not the case with '''CTU'''.
|-
||
|| That is '''CTC''' counter resets automatically after reaching the desired count value.

Thus the difference between '''CTU''' and '''CTC''' is auto reset.
|-
||
|| Turn off the power supply.
|-
||
|| This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

Let us summarize.
|-
|| Slide 7: Summary* Count circular (CTC) counter

|| In this tutorial we learnt about working of * '''Count circular '''counter
|-
|| Slide 8: Assignment

Draw a ladder logic where the state of LED depends on switch press count
# count = 0, LED should RESET.
# count = 1, LED should start blinking
# count = 2, the LED should be SET

|| As an assignment, do the following.

Draw a ladder logic where the state of LED depends on switch press count.

That is, when# count = 0, LED should RESET.
# count = 1 , LED should start blinking
# count = 2, the LED should be SET
|-
|| Slide 9:

About Spoken Tutorial project
|| The video at the following link summarises the Spoken Tutorial project.

Please download and watch it
|-
|| Slide 10:

Spoken Tutorial workshops
|| The''' Spoken Tutorial Project''' team:* conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and
* gives certificates on passing online
tests.

For more details, please write to us
|-
|| Slide 11:

Forum for specific questions:
|| Please post your timed queries in this forum
|-
|| Slide 12:

Forum for specific questions:
|| Do you have any general / technical questions on OpenPLC?

Please visit the FOSSEE forum and post your question.
|-
|| Slide 13:

Acknowledgement
|| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by MHRD, Government of India.
|-
|| Slide 14:

Thank you slide
|| This tutorial has been contributed by FOSSEE and Spoken Tutorial Project, IIT Bombay.

And this is Harsha Priyanka from FOSSEE team, signing off.

Thanks for watching.
|-
|}

OpenPLC-version1-with-LDmicro/C3/CTC-Counter/English - Revision history

Nancyvarkey at 19:05, 10 January 2021

Nirmala Venkat: Created page with " {| border="1" |- | align=center| '''Visual Cue''' | align=center| '''Narration''' |- || Slide 1: || Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''CTC Counter''' |- || Slide 2: L..."