Nancyvarkey: Created page with "{| border=1 |'''Time''' |'''Narration''' |- |00:00 |Welcome to this tutorial on '''Tables and Figures'''. |- |00:05 |We have two objectives in this tutorial. |- |00:08 |T..."

2019-10-16T12:13:20Z

Created page with "{| border=1 |'''Time''' |'''Narration''' |- |00:00 |Welcome to this tutorial on '''Tables and Figures'''. |- |00:05 |We have two objectives in this tutorial. |- |00:08 |T..."

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{| border=1
|'''Time'''
|'''Narration'''

|-
|00:00
|Welcome to this tutorial on '''Tables and Figures'''.

|-
|00:05
|We have two objectives in this tutorial.

|-
|00:08
|The first one is to explain how to create '''tables''' using the tabular environment; the second objective is to explain how to include tables in latex documents using the '''table environment'''.

|-
|00:22
|A similar technique can be used to include figures also.

|-
|00:27
|We have seen how to create the title page,

|-
|00:32
|this one has title, author information, and Creative Commons, copyright information as explained in the tutorial on '''equations'''.

|-
|00:45
|Today’s date appears in the last column created by this '''command'''.

|-
|00:51
|Let us go to the second page.

|-
|00:58
|I will now explain to you, how to create this table in a step-by-step fashion.

|-
|01:05
|Let us start with a clean slate.

|-
|01:08
|Let me delete these commands.

|-
|01:19
|I will compile this and start with a clean slate.

|-
|01:29
|The '''tabular environment''' is created using '''begin tabular''' and '''end tabular''' commands.

|-
|01:38
|Let me do that here.

|-
|02:03
|The ‘r r’ characters within the braces, next to the '''begin tabular''', say that there are two '''columns''' and that they are right aligned.

|-
|02:14
|In the first line, the entries are "mango" and "mixed".

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|02:20
|Two reverse-slashes indicate next line.

|-
|02:24
|Let me enter the next line.

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|02:28
|"Jackfruit".

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|02:32
|"Kolli hills".

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|02:37
|"Banana".

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|02:40
|"Green".

|-
|02:42
|Let me end this '''tabular environment'''.

|-
|02:47
|Let me compile this.

|-
|02:51
|And, this has appeared here.

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|02:56
|We get the '''3 by 2 table'''. There are three rows and 2 columns.

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|03:02
|The two columns are '''right aligned''' as indicated by the 'r r' character.

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|03:09
|To separate the two columns, we introduce a vertical line between the column alignment characters.

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|03:20
|So, let me put that vertical line.

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|03:23
|'''Save''' it,Compile it.

|-
|03:28
|You see that a vertical line has come.

|-
|03:31
|If you want vertical lines at the end also, put them at appropriate places.

|-
|03:42
| Let me put them, save them, compile them.

|-
|03:48
|So, these have come.

|-
|03:50
|As a matter of fact, we can put more vertical lines.

|-
|03:54
|Let me put one more vertical line at the beginning.

|-
|04:02
|There you are! A second line has come.

|-
|04:07
|See there are two vertical lines.

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|04:11
|We will now try different alignments.

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|04:15
|Let's put a ‘c’ here to say that the second column should be '''center aligned'''.

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|04:27
|This is '''center aligned''' now.

|-
|04:30
|Let us make the first column '''left aligned'''.

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|04:34
|Right now, it is '''right aligned'''; let me make them '''left aligned'''.

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|04:40
|'l','''Save'''

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|04:43
| Compile.

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|04:46
|Now it is '''left aligned'''.

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|04:50
|We will now separate the rows with horizontal lines as follows.

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|04:56
|Let's put a '''h-line''' here.

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|05:00
|Let us see what happens when we do that.

|-
|05:04
|It puts a top line.

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|05:07
|If I put another '''h-line''' here,

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|05:16
|see a line has come,So, let me complete this.

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|05:19
|Let me put '''h-line'''.

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|05:22
|Here I have to put a '''break line''' with two '''reverse slashes''' and then '''h-line'''.

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|05:30
|'''H-line''' begins from the beginning of the sentence.

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|05:36
|So, now I have completed the horizontal lines.

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|05:42
|Now, let us add three more columns and one more row.

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|05:49
|So, what I do is- I come here, and 'c' , 'c', 'r'.

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|06:01
|So, I have added three more columns, first two of them are '''center aligned''' the third one is '''right aligned'''.

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|06:08
|And then here I want to say:

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|06:15
|"fruit"

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|06:19
|"type"

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|06:22
|"number of units"

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|06:26
|"cost per unit"

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|06:30
|"cost rupees"

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|06:38
|'''h-line'''.

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|06:41
|So, "mixed"

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|06:43
|"20"

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|06:45
|"75" rupees

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|06:47
|"1500" rupees.

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|06:51
|"Jackfruit"

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|06:54
|"10" of them

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|06:57
|"50" rupees

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|06:59
|"500" rupees.

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|07:01
|"Banana green"

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|07:05
|"10" dozens

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|07:07
|"20" rupees a dozen and "200" rupees total.

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|07:12
|So, let’s see whether we can compile this.

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|07:20
|So, it has created the table.

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|07:25
|See the need for '''right alignment''', this is.. so that we can add these numbers.

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|07:34
|Suppose, that we want to split the columns in two.

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|07:39
|For example, here these two columns have fruit details and these three have cost calculations.

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|07:48
|So, this is done with the help of what is known as '''multi-column command'''.

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|07:55
|Let me do it as follows.

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|07:59
|'''multi-column'''

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|08:04
|take 2

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|08:06
|'''center-aligned'''

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|08:10
|'''Fruit Details'''.

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|08:12
|First two are over then I put a '''tab''' to indicate the next column.

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|08:19
|Go to the next line.

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|08:24
|'''multi-column''', three, also to be '''center-aligned'''.

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|08:29
|Cost within braces – '''cost calculations'''

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|08:37
|'''slash h-line'''.

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|08:44
|So, there you are.

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|08:46
|The first two have the title "Fruit details", the next three have the title "Cost calculations".

|-
|08:52
|I don’t have the vertical lines that’s because I didn’t tell latex to do that. So let’s do that.

|-
|08:59
|Here, I want two vertical lines, here I want one vertical line.

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|09:05
|Before this, I already have the line here, so let me just put this here.

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|09:11
|See what happens.

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|09:16
|So, now the vertical lines have also come.

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|09:24
|Because these 2 and 3 are single character '''arguments''' its possible to write them without braces.

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|09:40
|Okay, same thing works.

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|09:42
|Sometimes it is necessary to draw horizontal lines between only a few columns.

|-
|09:52
| So, we explain this as follows.

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|09:54
|Let me split this "mango" instead of "mixed", let me call this "Malgoa"

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|10:05
|and then "18" kilograms

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|10:13
|"50" kilograms.

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|10:17
|Let me delete this.

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|10:23
|okay,And here, let me say that it is "Alfanso"

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|10:33
|"2" dozens

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|10:35
|"300" rupees a dozen, and a total of 1500.

|-
|10:44
|Let’s see what happens when I '''save''' this. Compile this.

|-
|10:50
| So, I’ve got this. What happens is, this line comes here and as well as here and I don’t want this and this. So, this is taken care of by saying instead of this horizontal line, I want a 'c' line and between the columns 2 and 4.

|-
|11:19
|So, I should have done this here.

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|11:22
|So let me put this back here.

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|11:27
|'''H-line''' here.

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|11:30
|'''c-line 2 to 4'''.

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|11:40
|Okay, so now I have the line between columns two and four only.

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|11:52
|So, this central line has split the mangoes into two of the most popular mangoes in India.

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|11:58
|We will conclude this example, conclude this '''table''' with a last row.

|-
|12:04
|Let me total up as follows.

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|12:11
|'''multi-column''' four

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|12:14
|2 vertical lines, '''right-aligned'''

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|12:20
|vertical separator

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|12:24
|'''Total cost'''

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|12:27
|Rupees.

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|12:32
|Close this.

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|12:35
|Next tab

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|12:38
|2200

|-
|12:42
|'''h-line'''.

|-
|12:48
|So there you are.

|-
|12:50
|So, this was the '''table''' that we started with at the beginning of this tutorial.

|-
|12:59
|How do we work with the '''tables''' created using the '''tabular environment'''?

|-
|13:04
|Latex treats the entire table created using the '''tabular environment''' as a single object.

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|13:10
|For example- if you write,

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|13:17
|This is

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|13:24
|an

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|13:27
|example

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|13:39
|'''"This is an example table"'''.

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|13:47
|What happens is this '''table''' gets sandwiched between these two. "This is an" example to, "example table".

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|13:56
|This '''table''' appears in a running sentence.

|-
|14:01
|It is possible to include tables using a '''centre environment'''.

|-
|14:05
|A more common approach is to include it in the '''table environment'''. As we show now.

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|14:18
|'''begin'''

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|14:21
|'''table'''

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|14:25
|Close this.

|-
|14:33
|So, what happens is now ‘this is an example table’.

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|14:36
|This statement comes separately and whatever that appeared between this ‘begin’ and ‘end’ table have been placed separately as a '''table'''.

|-
|14:50
|In other words, even though the table appears in between some text, it has been put separately.

|-
|14:57
|This is not centered.

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|14:59
|What I can do is, give a command here called '''‘centering’'''

|-
|15:08
|to place this at the center of the document.

|-
|15:17
|Let us now create a '''caption'''.

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|15:20
|'''Table caption''' is put before the table.

|-
|15:23
|Let me put a caption here.

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|15:31
|''' "Caption cost of fruits in India"'''.

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|15:42
|So, the '''caption''' has come.

|-
|15:44
|This is too close; I want to leave a small space.

|-
|15:47
|Let me do that by giving through this '''v-space''' command '''1 ex'''.

|-
|15:57
|That is the space equivalent of the ‘x’ character.

|-
|16:01
|So, I have left this vertical space.

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|16:04
|So, now it looks okay.

|-
|16:06
|By default, Latex places tables at the top of the page.

|-
|16:11
|This placement is done automatically.

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|16:14
|The table is ‘floated’ to the next available slot.

|-
|16:18
|To explain this, let me cut and paste some text from the bottom of this document.

|-
|16:25
|Let me delete this.

|-
|16:28
|Let me delete this.

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|16:38
| Alright.

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|16:43
| Now, there is some write up about these fruits.

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|16:49
|Go to the top of this.

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|16:55
|Paste it here.

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|16:58
|Compile it.

|-
|17:01
|So, as before, the '''table''' got placed at the top of this page.

|-
|17:06
|Let me put some more text here.

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|17:12
|Four copies.

|-
|17:16
| So, now what has happened is-

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|17:26
|this table has been floated to the second page and

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|17:31
|there is nothing else here. So, it has been placed at the middle of this page.

|-
|17:35
|Let me put one more copy of this, some more text.

|-
|17:43
|So, now what has happened is-

|-
|17:49
|this is the title page, this is the text page, the table has been floated, it has gone to the top of this page.

|-
|18:01
|As in '''equations''', we can also create '''labels''' and use them for referencing.

|-
|18:06
|For example,

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|18:12
|you give this '''command''' below the '''caption command'''.

|-
|18:15
|You have to give it below the caption command because it is the caption command that creates the '''table number'''.

|-
|18:21
|For example, here 'table 1' has been created automatically by this caption command.

|-
|18:26
|If you put the label after this, this label will refer to the number created using the caption command.

|-
|18:33
|So '''label'''

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|18:40
|'''fruits'''.

|-
|18:43
|So, let me just go back and say

|-
|18:48
|let me add this line here.

|-
|18:53
|'''The cost of these fruits is shown in Table reference''', you have to give the label, it should be the same as this.

|-
|19:08
|'''tab fruits'''

|-
|19:12
|Let me compile it.

|-
|19:16
|So there it is,On first compilation, this variable is not assigned.

|-
|19:22
|So let me re-compile it, so now I have got this.

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|19:28
|We can create a list of tables automatically

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|19:33
|as we explain now.

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|19:37
|After the '''make title''', suppose we want this '''list of tables''' - one word, is the command.

|-
|19:50
|So what has happened is

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|19:53
|it has created a list of tables.

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|19:57
|Typically one would have to compile twice to make sure the table number comes correct.

|-
|20:03
|Here it comes, the table according to this list is in page two but we know that it is in page 3.

|-
|20:13
|So, this is in page 3.

|-
|20:15
|So, let's go back and compile it once more.

|-
|20:20
|So there you are, it is in page 3.

|-
|20:26
|So this has been explained before.

|-
|20:29
|Alright, this comes to the end of this part in which we explained the '''tables'''.

|-
|20:36
|We will now explain how to create figures using the command called '''include graphics'''.

|-
|20:48
|So for this, we need to include this package called '''graphicx'''.

|-
|21:00
|Okay! Suppose I go to the bottom of this,

|-
|21:08
|and say, the command is as follows. '''begin figure'''

|-
|21:14
|'''include graphics'''

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|21:19
|'''width''' equals.

|-
|21:29
|I have a file called '''iitb.pdf'''.

|-
|21:36
|There you are.

|-
|21:38
|I include it here with the width of this figure coming out to be equal to that of the line width.

|-
|21:51
|Let me end this figure.

|-
|21:55
|Compile this.

|-
|22:01
|There you are.

|-
|22:04
|So, it has also been put at the top of this page.

|-
|22:09
|Alright! What I will do is, let me just, so this is for if I want to use the entire line width .

|-
|22:17
|Suppose I want to use point 5, that is half a line width,

|-
|22:26
| then it has been made small.

|-
|22:29
| And note that it has been '''left aligned'''.

|-
|22:32
|As in the '''table''', I can say '''centering'''

|-
|22:38
|which will center this at the middle.

|-
|22:49
|I can also create a '''caption'''; figure captions are created after the figure is included.

|-
|23:00
|'''Golden Jubilee logo of IIT Bombay'''.

|-
|23:13
|Okay, as before I can create a '''label''' and refer to it using the '''ref''' command.

|-
|23:28
|I can also make this list of figures appear along with the list of '''tables'''.

|-
|23:36
|So, suppose I want list of figures also.

|-
|23:45
|I will compile it.

|-
|23:48
|I will compile it twice.

|-
|23:51
|and there it is. List of figures also comes automatically.

|-
|23:56
|All the figure captions will appear here.

|-
|24:08
|There is one last thing that I want to show you here.

|-
|24:11
|That is how to rotate these figures.

|-
|24:15
|This is done by the '''angle''' option.

|-
|24:21
|Suppose, '''angle'''... I want to rotate by 90 degrees.

|-
|24:25
|So, let's go to this figure.

|-
|24:29
| Let’s compile this.

|-
|24:32
|So, this has been rotated by 90 degrees.

|-
|24:37
|Rotate it by 'minus 90'.

|-
|24:42
| Alright. So, this is the way to include the figures.

|-
|24:48
|Here, I am assuming that '''iitb.pdf''' is available.

|-
|24:53
|This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

|-
|24:55
|The beginners of latex should compile after every few changes to the '''source document''' and make sure that what they have entered is correct.

|-
|25:05
|Thank you for listening to this tutorial.

|-
|25:07
|This is Kannan Moudgalya, signing off. Good-bye.

LaTeX-Old-Version/C2/Tables-and-Figures/English-timed - Revision history

Nancyvarkey: Created page with "{| border=1 |'''Time''' |'''Narration''' |- |00:00 |Welcome to this tutorial on '''Tables and Figures'''. |- |00:05 |We have two objectives in this tutorial. |- |00:08 |T..."