Nancyvarkey at 15:19, 19 September 2015

2015-09-19T15:19:13Z

Nancyvarkey at 10:26, 18 September 2015

2015-09-18T10:26:37Z

Ambika: Created page with "'''Title of script: New Commands ''' '''Author:''' '''Ambika Vanchinathan''' '''Keywords: New commands, renewcommand, define commands in LaTeX, \newcommand, \renewcommand, v..."

2015-09-14T08:04:51Z

Created page with "'''Title of script: New Commands ''' '''Author:''' '''Ambika Vanchinathan''' '''Keywords: New commands, renewcommand, define commands in LaTeX, \newcommand, \renewcommand, v..."

New page

'''Title of script: New Commands '''

'''Author:''' '''Ambika Vanchinathan'''

'''Keywords: New commands, renewcommand, define commands in LaTeX, \newcommand, \renewcommand, video tutorial'''

{| style="border-spacing:0;"
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''Visual Cue'''
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''Narration'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on creating new '''commands '''in '''LaTeX'''.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide:'''Learning Objectives'''
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| This tutorial will help the learners to

* create or define new '''commands''' to get customized output.
* redefine the existing '''commands'''.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide:'''System Requirements'''
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| To record this tutorial, I am using

* '''Ubuntu Linux 14.04''' operating system
* '''TeXWorks 0.5'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide: '''Pre-requisites'''
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| To follow this tutorial,

# You should have knowledge of '''commands '''that are necessary to create a document in '''LaTeX'''.
# You should also have knowledge of '''compiling '''and producing a '''PDF output '''in '''LaTeX'''.
# If not, please go through the relevant '''LaTeX''' spoken tutorials on this website.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| slide:''' New command'''

| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We all know that '''commands '''are special words that are provided to the '''compiler'''.

'''Commands '''start with a '''backslash '''and sometimes accept '''parameters'''.

Example: '''\noindent, \textbf, \centering'''

We can define our own custom '''commands '''in '''LaTeX''' to save time or for the code to look cleaner.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| slide:''' New command'''
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Ensure that the custom '''command '''you create is not an already existing '''LaTeX command'''.

To define''' '''a new '''command,''' we write

'''\newcommand{command}{definition}'''

at the beginning of the document.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Open the '''TeXWorks''' editor
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us open the '''TeXWorks editor.'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Pause the tutorial at this point.

Download and unzip the files provided in the '''Code Files '''link below the player.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Switch to the code file
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| You will see some '''LaTeX''' code given in the file “'''newComm.tex'''” that you downloaded onto your machine.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| (copy/paste the following in TeXWorks)

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{amsfonts}

\newcommand{\bbr}{\mathbb R}

\begin{document}

Let $\bbr$ be a set of Rational numbers.

\end{document}
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We will copy and paste the first block of code from this file into our newly opened '''tex''' file.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let’s try to understand the program.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| The definition

'''\newcommand{\bbr}{\mathbb R} '''means that '''\bbr '''is the '''newcommand.'''

And when used, it will typeset '''R '''in the '''mathbb font. '''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Note that the required '''packages '''are loaded in the preamble; in this case '''\usepackage{amsfonts}'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| So, instead of '''{\mathbb R},''' we can use '''\bbr '''within '''dollars '''while typesetting.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Save as''' newComm.tex'''
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us save the file as '''newComm.tex'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Compile >> Point to the letter R in the '''pdf '''output
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| On compilation, we get the '''pdf '''output.

Observe the letter '''R '''in '''mathbb font.'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| <nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| slide: '''New command with parameters'''
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Now, we will see '''newcommand''' with '''parameters.'''

It is typically defined as -

'''<nowiki>\newcommand{\command}[parameters]{definition}</nowiki>'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| open a new file in '''TeXWorks'''
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let’s open a new file in '''TeXWorks'''.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Switch to the code file
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Now switch to our downloaded code file.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| (copy/paste the following)

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{amsfonts}

<nowiki>\newcommand{\bb}[1]{\mathbb {#1}}</nowiki>

\begin{document}

Let $\bb{R}$ be a set of Rational numbers and $\bb{Z}$ be the set of Complex numbers.

\end{document}
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Now, we will copy the next block of code from our downloaded code file and paste it into our new '''teX''' file.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us understand the code now.

We have

'''<nowiki>\newcommand{\bb}[1]{\mathbb {#1}}</nowiki>'''

before the '''begin document statement.'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Here '''\bb''' is the '''command.'''

'''<nowiki>[1] </nowiki>'''means that the command has one parameter

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''\mathbb {#1}''' defines the '''command.'''

'''<nowiki>#1 </nowiki>'''means the first parameter.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Carefully observe the usage after '''\begin{document}'''

We use it within '''dollars '''because it contains '''math symbols.'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''\bb '''followed by the '''open brace '''and '''parameter '''and again we close the '''brace.'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We have used it twice with '''R''' as the '''parameter''' in the first usage

and '''Z''' as the '''parameter''' in the second usage.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Save as '''newCommP1.tex'''

Compile
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Save the program as '''newCommP1.tex '''and compile it.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| And point to the pdf output
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| In the output, observe that the '''R''' and''' Z''' are in the '''mathbb''' or the '''blackboard font.'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| <nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Next, let’s define a '''newcommand''' with '''2 parameters.'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Open a new '''tex''' file.
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Open a new '''tex''' file.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| (copy/paste the following)

\documentclass{article}

<nowiki>\newcommand{\add}[2]{\left( #1+#2\right)}</nowiki>

\begin{document}

Adding abc and xyz we get $\add{abc}{ xyz}$

\end{document}
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We will copy and past the next block of code from our downloaded file, as shown here.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Observe the line

'''<nowiki>\newcommand{\add}[2]{ \left( #1 + #2 \right) }</nowiki>'''

in the document.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| This has been used as '''$\add{abc}{xyz}$'''

Here in the definition, '''\add''' is the '''newcommand'''.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''<nowiki>[2]</nowiki>''' indicates that it has '''2 parameters.'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''{\left( #1+#2\right)}''' is the definition of the '''command.'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''<nowiki>#1</nowiki>''' for the first '''parameter''' and '''<nowiki>#2</nowiki>''' for the second '''parameter.'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''<nowiki>#1</nowiki>''' and '''<nowiki>#2</nowiki>''' are replaced by the actual text '''{abc}''' and '''{xyz}''' in this case.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Save as '''newCommP2.tex'''

Compile
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us save as '''newCommP2.tex '''and compile the '''tex''' file.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Observe the output.

Here the '''left''' and '''right parenthesis''' are added and a '''plus symbol''' is introduced between the first and second '''parameters.'''

'''<nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let’s now learn about the '''renewcommand'''.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| slide: '''renewcommand'''

| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''renewcommand''' is used to change or overwrite the existing '''command.'''

The syntax for '''renewcommand''' is

'''\renewcommand{command}{definition}'''

It’s quite similar to '''newcommand.'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Open new tex file.
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Once again, we will open a new '''tex '''file.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| (copy/paste the following)

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{amsmath}

\renewcommand{\S}{\mathcal {S}}

\begin{document}

Let $\S$ be a set.

\end{document}
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We will copy and paste the last block of code from our downloaded file into our newly opened '''tex '''file.

Let us understand the program now.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| The definition '''\renewcommand{\S}{\mathcal {S}}'''

redefines '''\S'''.

'''\S '''normally produces the section symbol (§)

whereas after redefining '''\S,''' produces '''S''' in '''Calligraphic font '''

Note that the required package '''amsmath''' is preloaded.

Also, we use '''\S''' within '''dollar symbols'''.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Save as '''renew.tex'''

Compile

Point to the “'''S'''” in the '''PDF''' output.
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us now save the file as '''renew.tex''', compile it and see the output.

We can see '''“S” '''in calligraphic font.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Come back to the '''tex '''file.
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Come back to the '''tex '''file.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Replace''' \z '''for '''\S''', compile and point out the error.
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Note that replacing '''z '''for '''S '''in the '''renewcommand '''does not work.

This is because there is no existing '''command''' defined as '''\z.'''

Please use '''renewcommand''' only when you are very sure about what you are doing.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide: '''Summary'''
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| To summarise, we have learnt

* '''newcommand'''
* '''newcommand''' with '''parameters'''
* '''renewcommand'''

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| slide: '''Assignment'''

| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Create a new '''command''' \textbfit which will convert the given text into bold and italics.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide: '''Acknowledgement'''
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| The video at the following link summarises the Spoken Tutorial project.

Pls watch it.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team :

Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and

Gives certificates to those who pass an online test

For more details, please write to us.

|-
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide
| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by the NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.

More information on this Mission is available at[http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro this][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro link][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro .]

This is Ambika Vanchinathan signing off.

Thanks for joining.

|}

@@ Line 289: / Line 289: @@
-Here the '''left''' and '''right parenthesis''' are added and a '''plus symbol''' is introduced between the first and second '''parameters.'''
+*Here the '''left''' and '''right parenthesis''' are added
@@ Line 414: / Line 415: @@
 |-
 | style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Slide
-| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by the NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.
+| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.
-More information on this Mission is available at[http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro  ][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro this][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro  ][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro link][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro .]
+More information on this Mission is available at this link.

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 * create or define new '''commands''' to get customized output.
 * redefine the existing '''commands'''.
 |-
@@ Line 41: / Line 30: @@
 # If not, please go through the relevant '''LaTeX''' spoken tutorials on this website.
 |-
@@ Line 251: / Line 245: @@
 \end{document}
-| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We will copy and past the next block of code from our downloaded file, as shown here.
+| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We will copy and paste the next block of code from our downloaded file, as shown here.
 |-
@@ Line 271: / Line 265: @@
 | style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the exact line as per narration
 | style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''<nowiki>[2]</nowiki>''' indicates that it has '''2 parameters.'''
 |-
@@ Line 398: / Line 389: @@
 * '''newcommand''' with '''parameters'''
 * '''renewcommand'''
 |-
@@ Line 405: / Line 394: @@
+| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Create a new '''command \textbfit''' which will convert the given text into bold and italics.
-| style="border:0.75pt solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Create a new '''command''' \textbfit which will convert the given text into bold and italics.
 |-

LaTeX/C3/newcommand-in-LaTeX/English - Revision history

Nancyvarkey at 15:19, 19 September 2015

Nancyvarkey at 10:26, 18 September 2015

Ambika: Created page with "'''Title of script: New Commands ''' '''Author:''' '''Ambika Vanchinathan''' '''Keywords: New commands, renewcommand, define commands in LaTeX, \newcommand, \renewcommand, v..."