PoojaMoolya at 06:27, 17 June 2014

2014-06-17T06:27:47Z

Sneha at 05:09, 9 May 2013

2013-05-09T05:09:02Z

Arya: Created page with ''''Author : '''TalentSprint '''Script Title : '''Nested-If and Ternary Operator '''Keywords : '''If else conditional statements, Ternary operator, nested-if, video tutorial …'

2012-12-07T11:19:10Z

Created page with ''''Author : '''TalentSprint '''Script Title : '''Nested-If and Ternary Operator '''Keywords : '''If else conditional statements, Ternary operator, nested-if, video tutorial …'

New page

'''Author : '''TalentSprint

'''Script Title : '''Nested-If and Ternary Operator

'''Keywords : '''If else conditional statements, Ternary operator, nested-if, video tutorial

{| style="border-spacing:0;"
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Visual Clue'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Description'''

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 1

'''Welcome'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Nested-If and Ternary Operator '''in java'''.'''

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 2

'''Learning Objectives '''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| By the end of this tutorial you should be able to:

* Explain Nested-If Statements and Ternary operators.
* Use them in a Java program.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 3

'''Tools Used'''

| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| For this tutorial we are using:

'''Ubuntu 11.10,'''

'''JDK 1.6,'''and

'''Eclipse 3.7.0'''

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 4

'''Pre-requisites '''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To follow this tutorial, you should know,

- the usage of relational and logical operators.

- '''if...else''' control flow statements.

If not, for relevant tutorial please visit our website which is as shown.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 5

'''Nested-If statements'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| An '''if''' statement within another '''if '''statement is called a '''nested-if '''statement.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 6

'''Syntax for Nested-If Statement'''

'''Point to the line of code as you explain.'''

if (condition1) {

if (condition2) {

Statement or block 1

}

else {

Statement or block 2

}

}

else {

Statement or block 3

}
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us look at the syntax for writing the '''Nested-If statement'''.

In this case, if condition 1 is true, then the program checks for condition 2.

Condition 2 is given using another If statement.

If condition 2 is true, then the program executes Statement or block 1.

Else, it executes Statement or block 2.

If condition 1 is false, then the program will not check condition2.

Instead will directly jump to its else statement i.e. block 3.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us try and example to understand that better

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''Point to the code'''

{ Minimize slides and open Eclise. It should contain the following }

'''public class NestedIfDemo {'''

'''public static void main(String args<nowiki>[]) {</nowiki>'''

'''}'''

'''}'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We have the eclipse IDE and the skeleton required for the rest of the code.

We have created a class '''NesedIfDemo''' and added the main method to it.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''int n = -5;'''

Highlight '''int n = -5;'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We shall check if the given number is a even number or an odd number.

But we will also handle negative numbers using a nested-if.

So type

'''int n = minus 5;'''

We have created a variable to store the number.

Now we shall write the if conditions.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''if (n<nowiki> < 0) {</nowiki>'''

'''System.out.println(“Negative number”);'''

'''}'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''if (n<nowiki> < 0) </nowiki>'''

'''''open curly bracket'''''

'''System.out.println(“Negative number”);'''

'''''close curly bracket'''''

We first see if the number is a negative number.

If yes then we will not check for even and odd.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Then if the number is not a negative, we then check for even and odd.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type after the if statement.

'''else{'''

'''}'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''else {'''

'''}'''

Now if the execution has come to the else part.

It means that the number is non negative.

So we check for odd or even inside this else part.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| inside else, type

'''if (n % 2 == 0) {'''

'''System.out.println(“Even number”);'''

'''}'''

'''else {'''

'''System.out.println(“Odd number”);'''

'''}'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''if (n ''percent'' 2 equalto equalto 0) {'''

'''System.out.println(“Even number”);'''

'''}'''

'''else {'''

'''System.out.println(“Odd number”);'''

'''}'''

So we make sure that negative numbers are not considered for odd or even check.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Now let us see the code in action.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''Save''' and '''Run'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| As we can see, we get the output “negative”.

Let us try a positive number

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Change n = -5 to n = 5
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Change n = -5 to n = 5

'''Save''' and''' Run'''.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the output
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| As we can see, the output is odd as expected. Let us try an even number

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Change n = 5 to n = 10
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Change n = 5 to n = 10.

Save and run.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the output.
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| As we can see, the output is “even” as expected.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Highlight the code
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| This process of including an if statement inside another, is called nested-if.

There is no limit to the amount of nesting.

But it is a good practice to not go beyond 3 levels of nesting.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Remove everything inside the '''Main''' method
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Now we shall look at the ternary operator.

First let me clean up the '''Main''' method.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| We shall write a program that divides a number by 2.

It is a very trivial program but the issue comes in dividing odd numbers.

When 7 is divided by 2, we get 3.

But what if we want the result to be rounded off.

Which means, when 7 is divided by 2, we get must 4 and not 3

In simple terms, we need the next number.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"|
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us see how to write such a program.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''int n, nHalf<nowiki>;</nowiki>'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''int n, nHalf<nowiki>;</nowiki>'''

We will store the number in n and the half number in nHalf

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''n = 5;'''

'''if (n % 2 == 0) {'''

'''nHalf = n / 2;'''

'''}'''

'''else {'''

'''nHalf = (n + 1) / 2;'''

'''}'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''n = 5;'''

'''if (n % 2 == 0) {'''

'''nHalf = n / 2;'''

'''}'''

'''else {'''

'''nHalf = (n + 1) / 2;'''

'''}'''

We check if the number is even or odd and do the division accordingly.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''System.out.println(nHalf);'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us add a print statement to see the program in action.

Type

'''System.out.println(nHalf);'''

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''Save''' and '''Run'''.

Point to the output.
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''Save''' and '''Run'''.

As we can see, our objective is met.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the code.
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| But if we notice, all we are doing is, setting the value of a variable depending on a condition.

There is more syntax than logic in our program.

This is when ternary operator makes code simpler.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| {Switch to Slides}

Slide 7

Ternary Operator.
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| A conditional operator providing results similar to nested-if.

Provides a short syntax and is denoted by a question mark.

Takes three operands at a time.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 8

'''Point to the syntax'''

'''Syntax of Ternary Operator'''

Syntax:

Result = Expression '''?''' Operand 1''' :''' Operand 2
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us learn about the syntax of Ternary Operator.

The expression is the condition that has to be checked.

Operand 1 is the value of the variable Result if the condition is true.

Operand 2 is the value if the condition is false.

Let us use it in our program.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| {Switch to eclipse}

Remove the if-else statement
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| First let us remove the if-else statement.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''nHalf = n % 2 == 0 ? n / 2 : (n + 1) / 2'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Type

'''nHalf = n % 2 == 0 ? n / 2 : (n + 1) / 2'''

This statement reads,

if n is even, nHalf is n by 2.

Otherwise, it is n plus 1 by 2.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''Save''' and '''Run'''.
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Let us now see it in action.

'''Save''' and '''Run'''.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Point to the output.
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| As we can see, the output is as expected.

This way, ternary operator reduces clutter in the code and improves readability.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 9

'''Summary'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We have come to the end of this tutorial.

In this tutorial we have learnt:

* About Nested-If Statements and Ternary Operator
* Usage of Nested-If Statements and Ternary Operator in a Java program

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 10

'''Assignment'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now take an assignment on

Nested-If and Ternary operator. Write java program for the following.

* Check whether a number is even and also a multiple of 11 using nested-if.
* Identify the largest number among the two given numbers using Ternary operator.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 11

'''About the Spoken Tutorial Project'''

* Watch the video available at[http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial ][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial http][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial ://][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial spoken][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial -][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial tutorial][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial .][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial org][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial /][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial What][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial _][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial is][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial _][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial a][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial _][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial Spoken][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial _][http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial Tutorial]

* It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project

If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To know more about the '''Spoken Tutorial''' project, watch the video available at the following link. It summarizes the project.If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 12

'''Spoken Tutorial Workshops'''

The Spoken Tutorial Project Team

* Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials

* Gives certificates for those who pass an online test

* For more details, please write to [mailto:contact@spoken-tutorial.org contact][mailto:contact@spoken-tutorial.org @][mailto:contact@spoken-tutorial.org spoken][mailto:contact@spoken-tutorial.org -][mailto:contact@spoken-tutorial.org tutorial][mailto:contact@spoken-tutorial.org .][mailto:contact@spoken-tutorial.org org]

| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team. Conducts workshops using '''spoken tutorials''' and gives certificates for those who pass an online test. For more details, please write to '''contact AT spoken HYPHEN tutorial DOT org.'''

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 13

'''Acknowledgement'''

* Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project

* It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India

* More information on this Mission is available at

* [http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro http][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ://][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro spoken][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro -][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro tutorial][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro .][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro org][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro /][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro NMEICT][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro -][http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro Intro]

| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Spoken Tutorial '''Project is a part of the '''Talk to a Teacher''' project and is supported by the '''National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. '''More information on this Mission is available at '''spoken HYPHEN tutorial DOT org SLASH NMEICT HYPHEN Intro'''

|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 14

'''About the contributor'''

* This tutorial has been contributed by '''TalentSprint'''
* '''www.talentsprint.com'''

Thanks for joining
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This tutorial has been contributed by '''TalentSprint'''.

Thanks for joining.

|}

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 {| style="border-spacing:0;"
-| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Visual Clue'''
+| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Visual Cue'''
 | style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Description'''

Java/C2/Nested-if/English - Revision history

PoojaMoolya at 06:27, 17 June 2014

Sneha at 05:09, 9 May 2013

Arya: Created page with ''''Author : '''TalentSprint '''Script Title : '''Nested-If and Ternary Operator '''Keywords : '''If else conditional statements, Ternary operator, nested-if, video tutorial …'