Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Nipple-conditions/English - Revision history

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Rajani st: Created page with " {|border=1 | Visual cue | Narration |- |Title slide | Welcome to this spoken tutorial on Nipple conditions in lactating mothers. |- | Image:..."

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Created page with " {|border=1 | <center> Visual cue </center> | <center> Narration |- |Title slide | Welcome to this spoken tutorial on Nipple conditions in lactating mothers. |- | Image:..."

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{|border=1
| <center> Visual cue
</center>
| <center> Narration

|-
|Title slide

|
Welcome to this spoken tutorial on Nipple conditions in lactating mothers.

|-
|
Image: Sore and cracked nipples.

Image: Flat and inverted nipples.

| In this tutorial, we will learn about-

* Sore or cracked nipples and
* Flat or inverted nipples.

|-
|
Image: Bleeding and cracked nipple.

Image: Dry nipples.

|
The first nipple condition is-

*Sore or cracked nipples

**It is a condition where mother develops cracked and bleeding nipples.

**This causes the nipples to become itchy and dry.

|-
|
Image: Symbol of cause.

Image: Nipple feeding.

Image: Fungal infection of breast.

Image: A mother is cleaning her nipple.

|
*Now let’s discuss the various causes of sore or cracked nipples which are-

**nipple feeding,
**fungal or Bacterial infection,
**habit of cleaning the nipples after every feed and
**baby with tongue tie.

|-
|
Image: Nipple feeding.

Image: Sore or cracked nipples.

Image: Incorrect latching.

GIF of incorrect latching

| Let us begin with the nipple feeding-

Nipple feeding is the first and foremost cause of sore or cracked nipples.

* During nipple feeding-
** nipple gets rubbed onto the hard palate of the baby’s mouth.
** baby pinches this nipple between the hard palate and the tongue.
** this pinching makes the breastfeeding painful.
** and results into sore or cracked nipple.

|-
|
Image: Nipple feeding.

GIF of correct latching.

Image: Correct latching technique.

|
* Nipple feeding is the result of improper latching.
** therefore correct latching plays an important role to avoid sore or cracked nipples due to nipple feeding.

*Note that,

We have discussed the correct latching technique in another tutorial of the same series.

|
|-
Image: Sore or cracked nipple.
Image: Symbol of pain.
Image: A mother is breastfeeding a baby.
|
*Remember

**sore or cracked nipples does hurt during correct latching,

**if the mother continues with the correct latching technique then slowly and gradually it stops hurting.

|-
|
Image: Fungal infection.

Image: A mother is talking to a doctor.

|
* Next is fungal or bacterial infection,
** If the mother has a fungal or bacterial infection she should consult the doctor.

|-
|
Image: Mother is cleaning her nipples.

Image: A mother is breastfeeding to a baby.

Image: Dry nipples.

Image: Cracked nipples.

| Next,

* Some mothers have a habit of cleaning the nipples before every feed.
* This causes dryness of nipples Thus, this routine should be avoided.

|-
|
Image: A mother is taking a shower.

Image: Cracked nipples.

Image: A mother is applying the hindmilk on her breast.

Image: Mouth organisms.

| Remember,

* Mother can clean the nipples once during bath.
* However, once cracked nipple has developed mother should clean it after every feed.
* After cleaning, mother should apply her hindmilk on the wound.
* As hind milk contain substances that aids in healing and fighting infection.
* Thus, preventing the organisms from baby's mouth to leak into the crack of the nipple.

|
|-
Image: Tongue tie.
Image: Nipple feeding.

|
Next is the baby with tongue tie-
* Tongue tie is a condition-
** in which the tip of the baby’s tongue is attached to the inner bottom part of the mouth.
* It is a very rare condition.
* Nipple feeding is commonly observed in baby with tongue tie.

|-
|
Image: Correct latching.

Image: Surgery.

Image: The mother and the doctor.

|
* In case the baby has tongue tie then-
** mere correct latching is not enough and
** surgery is required.
** thus in such cases, mother should always consult the doctor.

|-
|
Image: A health worker is examining the mother’s breast.

Image: A mother is expressing the breast milk.

Image: Soften breasts.

Image: Nipple fissure.

Image: Mastitis breast.

|
Now let’s discuss the treatment for sore or cracked nipples

* If a mother has sore or cracked nipples, then, the health worker should-
** examine the mother’s breast and nipple,
** tell the mother to express some breastmilk with her hand before breastfeeding.
** it will soften the breast and baby will easily attach.
**Apart from these expressing will reduce the risk of infections, nipple fissure and mastitis.
** then, guide the mother to attach her baby correctly to her breast.

|-
|
Image: A mother is breastfeeding to a baby.

|
Remember,

* Breastfeeding frequency is one of the factors which determines the breastmilk supply.

* Therefore, mother should not stop breastfeeding.

|
|-Image: A Mother is expressing her breast milk.

Image: A spoon.

Image: A cup.

Image: A mother is applying hindmilk on her breast.

|
* During breastfeeding-
She should begin to breastfeed on the side that hurts less.

*If breastfeeding is still painful then-
** she can express the breast milk using her hand and
** feed it to the baby with a spoon or a cup.

Also,

* Apply few drops of hind milk onto the affected area after each feed, as discussed earlier.

|-
|
Image: Soaps, lotions and perfumes.

Image: Sore or cracked nipples.

|
Remember, not to use the following on sore and cracked nipples and even on healthy nipples-

* soap, oils, lotions, balms and perfumes.
* They may contain irritants.
* It will worsen the condition if a mother has sore or cracked nipples.

|-
|
Image: A mother is talking to a doctor.

Image: A health worker is guiding the mother.

|
*In severe conditions, mother should consult the doctor or the health worker.

|-
|
Image: A baby is initiating the process of breastfeeding in breast crawl position

| For preventing sore or cracked nipples,

* Start breastfeeding immediately after birth.

|-
|
Image: Correct latching technique.

| * Always make sure that baby is latched on deeply while breastfeeding.

|-
|
Image: Flat and inverted nipples

| The nipple condition that we will discuss next is-

flat or inverted nipples,

|
|-
Image: Normal nipple and flat nipple.
Image: Normal nipple and inverted nipple.

|
* Flat nipples are not protruded from the level of the areola.

Whereas,
* Inverted nipples are usually pointed in the inward direction.

|-
|
Image: Flat or inverted nipples.

Image: Mother is breastfeeding a baby.

Image: Correct latching.

|
* It is very important for the mother to understand the fact that-
** flat or inverted nipple is not a hindrance to breastfeeding.
**since, during correct latching baby latches on to the areola and not on the nipple.

|-
|
Image: Calendar.

Image: Natural delivery.

Image: A health worker is guiding the mother.

|
* Note that,

incase of flat or inverted nipples-
mother requires help in first week of delivery.

* During this period-
** health worker should guide the mother about correct latching.
** this will build her confidence.

|-
|
Image: Cross-cradle hold.

Image: Football hold.

Image: Semi-reclining position.

|
Remember,

In case a mother has flat or inverted nipples then the best hold for effective attachment are-

* Cross cradle hold
* Football hold and
*Semi-reclining position.

|-
|
Image: Groped image of holds.

Image: Position of baby’s lips and mother’s fingers.

| As explained in an earlier tutorial,

*In any hold, it is of utmost importance that-
** mother should hold the breast in the correct manner,
** where baby’s lips and mother’s fingers will be in the same direction.

|-
|
Image: Incorrect latching.

Image: Sore nipples.

| Note that,
incorrect latching will result into sore nipples.

|-
|
Image: Nipple shields with the red cross mark.

Image: Feeding bottles.

| Remember-

* Do not use feeding bottles or nipple shields,

* It will make it difficult for a baby to breastfeed from breasts having flat or inverted nipples.

|-
|
Image: A mother carrying a baby with the green check mark.

Image: Oxytocin reflex.

|
* Mother should provide plenty of skin to skin contact to the baby.
** it helps stimulate oxytocin reflex in the mother and
** breast milk easily comes out.

|-
|
Image: Correct latching technique.

|
Always remember,

Correct latching is the key to deal with most of these nipple conditions.

|-
|
Image: Sore or cracked nipples.

Image: Flat or inverted nipples.

| This brings us to the end of this tutorial on nipple conditions in lactating mothers

In this tutorial we learnt about various breast conditions in lactating mothers such as,

* Sore or cracked nipples and
* Flat or inverted nipples

|-
|
Image: The Spoken Tutorial Project logo.

| This tutorial has been contributed by

*Spoken Tutorial Project, IIT Bombay

|-
|
Link to spoken tutorial project or NMEICT

| '''Spoken Tutorial Project '''is funded by''' NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.'''

More information on this mission is available at this link.

|-
|
Image: WHEELS Global Foundation logo.

| This tutorial is partly funded by a generous contribution from WHEELS Global Foundation.

|-
|
Image: Maa aur Shishu Poshan Project logo.

|
* This tutorial is part of maa aur shishu poshan project.
* The domain reviewers for this tutorial are-
** Dr. Rupal Dalal, MD Pediatrics.
** Dr. Taru Jindal, MS Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

This is Nutritionist Rajani Sawant along with animator Arthi Anbalagan from''' IIT Bombay '''signing off.

Thanks for joining.

|}

@@ Line 65: / Line 65: @@
+|
 * Nipple feeding is the result of improper latching.
-** therefore correct latching plays an important role to avoid sore or cracked nipples due to nipple feeding.
+* Therefore correct latching plays an important role-
 |-
@@ Line 81: / Line 82: @@
 Remember
 * Sore or cracked nipples does hurt during correct latching,
-* If the mother continues with the correct latching technique then slowly and gradually it stops hurting.
+* If the mother continues with the correct latching technique-
 |-
+|
@@ Line 257: / Line 259: @@
 Image: Semi-reclining position.
+|
 Remember,
 In case a mother has flat or inverted nipples then the best holds for effective attachment are-
 * Cross cradle hold

@@ Line 263: / Line 263: @@
 In case a mother has flat or inverted nipples then the best holds for effective attachment are-
-* Cross cradle hold
+* '''Cross-cradle''' hold
-* Football hold and
+* '''Football hold''' and
 *Semi-reclining position.
 |-
+|
-Image: Groped image of holds.
+Image: A groped image of holds.
 Image: Position of baby’s lips and mother’s fingers.
@@ Line 295: / Line 295: @@
 Image: A mother carrying a baby with the green check mark.
-Image: Oxytocin reflex.
+Image: '''Oxytocin reflex'''.
+|
 * Mother should provide plenty of skin to skin contact to the baby.
-** it helps stimulate oxytocin reflex in the mother and
+** it helps stimulate '''oxytocin reflex''' in the mother and
 ** breast milk easily comes out.
 |-

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 |Title slide
+|
-Welcome to this spoken tutorial on Nipple conditions in lactating mothers.
+Welcome to this '''Spoken Tutorial''' on Nipple conditions in lactating mothers.
 |-
+|
@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
+|
 The first nipple condition is-
 Sore or cracked nipples
 * It is a condition where mother develops cracked and bleeding nipples.
@@ Line 41: / Line 42: @@
 * Baby with tongue tie.
 |-
 |Image: Nipple feeding.
-Image: Nipple feeding.
+| Let us begin with the nipple feeding
-Image: Sore or cracked nipples.
+|-
 Image: Incorrect latching.
 GIF of incorrect latching
-| Let us begin with the nipple feeding-
+|Nipple feeding is the first and foremost cause of sore or cracked nipples.
 Nipple feeding is the first and foremost cause of sore or cracked nipples.
 * During nipple feeding-
 ** nipple gets rubbed onto the hard palate of the baby’s mouth.
@@ Line 62: / Line 63: @@
 GIF of correct latching.
+|
 * Nipple feeding is the result of improper latching.
 ** therefore correct latching plays an important role to avoid sore or cracked nipples due to nipple feeding.
-* Note that,
 We have discussed the correct latching technique in another tutorial of the same series.
 |-
@@ Line 187: / Line 190: @@
+|
 Remember, not to use the following on sore and cracked nipples and even on healthy nipples-
-* Soap, oils, lotions, balms and perfumes.
+* Soaps, oils, lotions, balms and perfumes.
 * They may contain irritants.
 * It will worsen the condition if a mother has sore or cracked nipples.
@@ Line 201: / Line 204: @@
 Image: A baby is initiating the process of breastfeeding in breast crawl position
 | For preventing sore or cracked nipples,
-* Start breastfeeding immediately after birth.
+* start breastfeeding immediately after birth.
 |-
+|
@@ Line 298: / Line 301: @@
+|
 Always remember,
-Correct latching is the key to deal with most of these nipple conditions.
+correct latching is the key to deal with most of these nipple conditions.
 |-
+|

@@ Line 147: / Line 147: @@
 * Some mothers have a habit of cleaning the nipples before every feed.
-* This causes dryness of nipples Thus, this routine should be avoided.
+* This causes dryness of nipples.
+* Thus, this routine should be avoided.
 |-
+|
@@ Line 220: / Line 221: @@
 ** tell the mother to express some breastmilk with her hand before breastfeeding.
 ** it will soften the breast and baby will easily attach.
-**Apart from these expressing will reduce the risk of infections, nipple fissure and mastitis.
+** apart from these expressing will reduce the risk of infections, nipple fissure and mastitis.
 ** then, guide the mother to attach her baby correctly to her breast.
@@ Line 273: / Line 274: @@
 Remember, not to use the following on sore and cracked nipples and even on healthy nipples-
-* soap, oils, lotions, balms and perfumes.
+* Soap, oils, lotions, balms and perfumes.
 * They may contain irritants.
 * It will worsen the condition if a mother has sore or cracked nipples.
@@ Line 385: / Line 386: @@
 Remember,
-In case a mother has flat or inverted nipples then the best hold for effective attachment are-
+In case a mother has flat or inverted nipples then the best holds for effective attachment are-
 * Cross cradle hold
@@ Line 427: / Line 428: @@
 | Remember-
-* Do not use feeding bottles or nipple shields,
+* Do not use feeding bottles or nipple shields.
 * It will make it difficult for a baby to breastfeed from breasts having flat or inverted nipples.
@@ Line 465: / Line 466: @@
-| This brings us to the end of this tutorial on nipple conditions in lactating mothers
+| This brings us to the end of this tutorial on nipple conditions in lactating mothers.
-−
-In this tutorial, we learnt about various breast conditions in lactating mothers such as,
 * Sore or cracked nipples and
 * Flat or inverted nipples

@@ Line 509: / Line 509: @@
+|
-* This tutorial is part of maa aur shishu poshan project.
+* This tutorial is part of '''Maa aur Shishu Poshan project'''.
 * The domain reviewers for this tutorial are-
-** Dr. Rupal Dalal, MD Pediatrics.
+** '''Dr. Rupal Dalal''', MD Pediatrics.
-** Dr. Taru Jindal, MS  Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
+** '''Dr. Taru Jindal''', MS  Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
-This is Nutritionist Rajani Sawant along with animator Arthi Anbalagan from''' IIT Bombay '''signing off.
+This is Nutritionist '''Rajani Sawant''' along with animator '''Arthi Anbalagan''' from''' IIT Bombay '''signing off.
 Thanks for joining.
 |}

@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 The first nipple condition is-
-*Sore or cracked nipples
+Sore or cracked nipples
-**It is a condition where mother develops cracked and bleeding nipples.
+* It is a condition where mother develops cracked and bleeding nipples.
-**This causes the nipples to become itchy and dry.
+* This causes the nipples to become itchy and dry.
@@ Line 51: / Line 51: @@
+|
-*Now let’s discuss the various causes of sore or cracked nipples which are-
+Now let’s discuss the various causes of sore or cracked nipples which are-
-**nipple feeding,
+* Nipple feeding,
-**fungal or Bacterial infection,
+* Fungal or Bacterial infection,
-**habit of cleaning the nipples after every feed and
+* Habit of cleaning the nipples after every feed and
-**baby with tongue tie.
+* Baby with tongue tie.
@@ Line 292: / Line 292: @@
+|
 Image: Flat and inverted nipples
@@ Line 298: / Line 299: @@
 flat or inverted nipples,
+|
 |-
 Image: Normal nipple and flat nipple.
 Image: Normal nipple and inverted nipple.
+|
-* Flat nipples are not protruded from the level of the areola.
+|-
 Whereas,
 * Inverted nipples are usually pointed in the inward direction.