Git/C2/Inspection-and-Comparison-of-Git/English - Revision history

Priyacst at 06:25, 30 November 2016

2016-11-30T06:25:00Z

Nancyvarkey at 10:17, 24 June 2015

2015-06-24T10:17:35Z

Priyacst: Created page with "'''Title of script: Inspection and comparison of Git''' '''Author:''' Priya K '''Keywords:''' '''Video tutorial, git diff, git show, git help, git blame, HEAD, HEAD~, color...."

2015-06-24T09:18:16Z

Created page with "'''Title of script: Inspection and comparison of Git''' '''Author:''' Priya K '''Keywords:''' '''Video tutorial, git diff, git show, git help, git blame, HEAD, HEAD~, color...."

New page

'''Title of script: Inspection and comparison of Git'''

'''Author:''' Priya K

'''Keywords:''' '''Video tutorial, git diff, git show, git help, git blame, HEAD, HEAD~, color.ui'''

{| style="border-spacing:0;"
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| <center>Visual cue</center>
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| <center>Narration</center>

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 1:

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on''' Inspection and comparison of Git'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 2:
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this tutorial, we will learn about

* git diff
* git show
* git blame and
* git help commands

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 3:

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| For this tutorial, I am using

* '''Ubuntu Linux 14.04'''
* '''Git 2.3.2''' and
* '''gedit Text Editor'''

You can use any editor of your choice.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 4:

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To follow this tutorial

* You must have knowledge of running''' Linux''' commands on''' Terminal'''.
* If not, for relevant''' Linux''' tutorials, please visit our website.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us begin with''' git diff''' command.

This command will show the changes of the current status of the files.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Press Ctrl+Alt+T to open the''' terminal'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now I will show how it works.

Press''' Ctrl+Alt+T''' to open the''' terminal'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' cd mywebpage''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We will go into our''' Git repository mywebpage''' which we created earlier.

Type''' cd space mywebpage''' and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| I will continue to use''' html''' files for demonstration.

You may use any file type of your choice.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' gedit history.html &''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| First I will create a html file''' history.html''' and commit it for demonstration purpose.

Type,''' gedit space history.html space ampersand'''

and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Copy and paste the code into the file
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| I will copy and paste some code into this file, from my '''Writer''' document, which I had saved earlier.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Save and close the file
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us save and close the file.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Recall that we have to commit our work whenever we add or remove any file.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git add history.html''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To add the file to the staging area, type''' '''

'''git space add space history.html'''

and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git commit -m “Added history.html”''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To commit our work, type''' '''

'''git space commit space hyphen m space within double quotes “Added history.html”'''

and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git log''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Lets see the '''Git log''' by typing''' git space log''' and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight the commits
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Currently, we have two commits in our '''repository'''.

<nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' gedit mypage.html history.html &'''

Highlight''' mypage.html'''

Press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Open the files '''mypage.html '''and '''history.html''', by typing

'''gedit space mypage.html space history.html space ampersand'''

Here''' mypage.html''' is the file which we created in the previous tutorial.

Now press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Add and delete lines
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us add and delete some lines in these files.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Save and close the files
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Then save and close the files.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git status''' and press''' Enter'''

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In certain situations, we may not remember what changes we have made in our files.

Let us check the '''Git status '''by typing''' git space status''' and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight''' “modified: mypage.html history.html”'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| It simply shows the modified file names.

But we cannot get any other details.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We want to know the actual changes that have been made to these files.

Let us see how to check it.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git diff''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git space diff''' and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This command will compare the current state of the files with the latest commit.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight''' a/history.html b/history .html'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here you will see the two versions of the file''' history.html'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight''' ---a/history .html'''

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''a slash history.html''' is the version of last commit and it is represented by a minus sign.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight''' +++b/history .html'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''b slash history.html''' is the version of current state and it is represented by a plus sign.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight'''<nowiki> -<body></nowiki>'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| So, here the red color line with the minus sign is the old version.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight'''<nowiki> +<body text="blue" bgcolor="green"></nowiki>'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| And the green color line with the plus sign is the new version.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Press down arrow key

Highlight the new lines
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Press '''down arrow '''key to see more.

These are the lines which we added in the new version.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Show the changes of''' history.html'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Also you can see the changes of the file''' history.html'''.

Press '''down arrow '''key.

Press '''q''' key to exit.

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight the color lines
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here the output is displayed in colors.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight red and green color lines

Type''' git config --global color.ui true''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| If we can’t see the lines with colors, type

'''git space config space hyphen hyphen global space color dot ui space true'''

and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type '''git config --global color.ui false''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| If you don't want to see the colors, please use''' false''' instead of''' true''' in this command.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight the lines
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now the output is displayed without colors.

<nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git diff history.html''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Next I will show you how to see the changes in a particular file.

Type''' git space diff space history.html''' and press''' Enter.'''

Here we can see the changes made in the file''' history.html''' only.

<nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git add history.html mypage.html''' press''' Enter'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us now add our files to the staging area.

Type''' git space add space history.html space mypage.html '''and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git diff''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let’s check the '''Git diff '''again by typing''' git space diff''' and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This time we don’t get any output because our files have been added to the staging area.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git diff --staged''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In such a case, we can type''' '''

'''git space diff space hyphen hyphen staged'''

and press''' Enter'''.

Now we can see the same output just like the one we got in the''' git diff''' command.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type '''git diff --cached''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We can also use''' hyphen hyphen cached''' instead of''' hyphen hyphen staged''' to get the same result.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| How can we compare the current state with any previous commit?

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git log --oneline''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| First we will see the '''Git log '''by typing''' '''

'''git space log space hyphen hyphen oneline'''

and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git diff hash''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now say, I want to compare my current state with the''' Initial commit'''.

So type''' git space diff space,''' then copy and paste the''' commit hash''' of the''' Initial commit''' and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Show the difference
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here we can see the difference.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this manner, we can compare our current state with any previous commit in our '''repository'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this way, using git diff command we can see all the changes in the modified files.

It will help us to make sure what exactly we have changed before committing.

<nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us freeze our work at this point.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git commit -m “Added colors”''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To commit, type''' '''

'''git space commit space hyphen m space'''

within double quotes''' “Added colors”'''

and press''' Enter'''.

<nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Next, let us learn how to see the difference between two commits.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git log --oneline''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let’s check the '''Git log''' by typing''' '''

'''git space log space hyphen hyphen oneline'''

and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git diff hash hash''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git space diff space'''.

Then copy and paste the''' commit hash''' of “'''Initial commit” space'''.

Now, copy and paste the''' commit hash''' of “'''Added colors”''' and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Show the difference
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The difference between the two given commits can now be seen.

<nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Next, we will compare the last revision with the second last revision.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git diff HEAD HEAD~''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git space diff space HEAD space HEAD tilde '''and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight''' Added colors'''

Highlight''' Added history.html'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''HEAD''' indicates the last revision which has the commit message''' “Added colors”'''.

'''HEAD tilde''' indicates the second last revision which has the commit message''' “Added history.html”.'''

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 5:

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The latest revision is always '''HEAD.'''

The latest minus 1 revision is always '''HEAD tilde.'''

Likewise,

Latest minus 2 is '''HEAD tilde 2''',

Latest minus 3 is '''HEAD tilde 3''' and so on.

<nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Switch back to the '''terminal'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Switch back to the '''terminal.'''

Let us now learn about''' git show''' command which helps to see the entire details of a commit.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git show''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git space show''' and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight''' commit details'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This command will show the details of latest commit in the '''repository'''.

It shows what changes have been made to the files along with the commit details.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This feature is helpful when we work collaboratively.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git log --oneline''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now, let’s see the '''Git log '''by typing''' '''

'''git space log space hyphen hyphen oneline'''

and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git show hash''' and press''' Enter'''

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To see the details of the''' Initial commit''',

type''' git space show space.'''

Then copy and paste the commit hash of the''' Initial commit''' and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here you can see the details of the''' Initial commit'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this manner, we can see the details of any commit of our repository.

<nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Next let us learn how to see the entire history of a file.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git blame mypage.html''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To see the entire history of''' mypage.html''',

type''' git space blame space mypage.html'''

and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Show the history
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here we can see the entire history of the file''' mypage.html'''. (i.e) from creation point upto current stage.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Likewise, you can see the full details of any file in your '''repository'''.

<nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Lastly, we will see how to get help from '''Git'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 6:

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The syntax to get help, is as follows

'''<nowiki>git help <verb> </nowiki>'''OR

'''<nowiki>git <verb> hyphen hyphen help </nowiki>'''OR

'''<nowiki>man git <verb></nowiki>'''

For example: '''git help show'''

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Switch back to the terminal

Type''' git help show''' and press''' Enter'''
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let me demonstrate this.

Switch back to the '''terminal''' and type''' '''

'''git space help space show'''

and press''' Enter'''.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here we can see the manual of''' show command'''.

<nowiki><<PAUSE>></nowiki>

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| With this, we come to the end of this tutorial.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 7:

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us summarize.

In this tutorial, we have learnt about

* git diff
* git show
* git blame and
* git help commands

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 8:

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| As an assignment

Explore the following commands

* git reflog
* git diff HEAD tilde HEAD
* git show HEAD and
* man git diff

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 9:

Acknowledgement

| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The video at the following link summarises the Spoken Tutorial project.

Please download and watch it.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 10:

Acknowledgement
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team conducts workshops and gives certificates to those who pass online tests.

For more details, please write to us.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 11:

Acknowledgement
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.

More information on this Mission is available at the following link.

|-
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This is Priya from IIT Bombay. Thanks for joining.

|}

@@ Line 251: / Line 251: @@
 |-
-| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight the lines
+| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|  Type''' git diff''' Highlight the lines
-| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now the output is displayed without colors.
+| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|  Type''' git diff''' and press''' Enter'''. Now the output is displayed without colors.

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 | style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 2:
 | style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this tutorial, we will learn about
 * git diff
 * git show
 * git blame and
 * git help commands
 |-
@@ Line 35: / Line 31: @@
-| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| For this tutorial, I am using
+| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| For this tutorial, I am using-
-−
 * '''Ubuntu Linux 14.04'''
 * '''Git 2.3.2''' and
@@ Line 48: / Line 43: @@
-| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To follow this tutorial
+| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To follow this tutorial-
 * You must have knowledge of running''' Linux''' commands on''' Terminal'''.
 * If not, for relevant''' Linux''' tutorials, please visit our website.
 |-
@@ Line 198: / Line 191: @@
 |-
 | style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight''' ---a/history .html'''
+And it is represented by a minus sign.
-−
-| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''a slash history.html''' is the version of last commit and it is represented by a minus sign.
 |-
 | style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight''' +++b/history .html'''
-| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''b slash history.html''' is the version of current state and it is represented by a plus sign.
+| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''b slash history.html''' is the version of current state.
 |-
@@ Line 304: / Line 298: @@
 |-
 | style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type '''git diff --cached''' and press''' Enter'''
-| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We can also use''' hyphen hyphen cached''' instead of''' hyphen hyphen staged''' to get the same result.
+| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We can also use
 |-
@@ Line 350: / Line 348: @@
 |-
 | style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' git commit -m “Added colors”''' and press''' Enter'''
-| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To commit, type''' '''
+| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To commit, type
 '''git space commit space hyphen m space'''
@@ Line 497: / Line 495: @@
 |-
 | style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Show the history
-| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here we can see the entire history of the file''' mypage.html'''. (i.e) from creation point upto current stage.
+| style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here we can see the entire history of the file''' mypage.html'''
 |-
@@ Line 561: / Line 561: @@
 In this tutorial, we have learnt about
 * git diff
 * git show
 * git blame and
 * git help commands
 |-
@@ Line 577: / Line 574: @@
 Explore the following commands
 * git reflog
 * git diff HEAD tilde HEAD
 * git show HEAD and
 * man git diff
 |-