C-and-C++/C3/String-Library-Functions/English - Revision history

Ashwini at 07:27, 31 January 2014

2014-01-31T07:27:38Z

Ashwini at 08:20, 3 May 2013

2013-05-03T08:20:29Z

Ashwini: Created page with ''''Title of script''': Strings '''Author: '''Ashwini R Patil '''Keywords: Strings in C, getline, Video Tutorial''' {| style="border-spacing:0;" | style="border-top:0.002cm …'

2013-05-03T08:12:39Z

Created page with ''''Title of script''': Strings '''Author: '''Ashwini R Patil '''Keywords: Strings in C, getline, Video Tutorial''' {| style="border-spacing:0;" | style="border-top:0.002cm …'

New page

'''Title of script''': Strings

'''Author: '''Ashwini R Patil

'''Keywords: Strings in C, getline, Video Tutorial'''

{| style="border-spacing:0;"
| style="border-top:0.002cm solid #000000;border-bottom:0.002cm solid #000000;border-left:0.002cm solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| <center>'''Visual Cue'''</center>
| style="border:0.002cm solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| <center>'''Narration'''</center>

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 1
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Welcome to the spoken-tutorial on '''Strings''' in '''C '''and''' C++'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 2

| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this tutorial, we will learn,

What is a string.

Declaration of the string.

Initialization of the string.

With the help of an example.

We will aldo see some common errors and their solutions

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 3

| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To record this tutorial, I am using

'''Ubuntu Operating System''' version 11.04

'''gcc''' and '''g++''' '''Compiler''' version 4.6.1 on ubuntu

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 4
| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us start with the Introduction to the '''Strings'''

'''String''' is a sequence of characters that is treated as a single data item

size of '''string''' = original length of '''string''' + 1

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 5

Declaration of the String

Syntax:

<nowiki>char val[10];</nowiki>
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let me tell you how to declare a '''string'''

The syntax for this is

'''<nowiki>char name_of_string[size]; </nowiki>'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Please open the Terminal

| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now we will see how to declare a '''string''' with an

example

I have already typed the program

So I will just open it

Note that I have saved the file with the name '''string.c'''

Let me explain the code now

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight

'''<nowiki>#include<string.h></nowiki>'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here, '''string.h''' is a header file

It includes the declarations, functions, constants of '''string''' handling utilities

Whenever we work on '''string '''functions, we should include this header file

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight

'''<nowiki>char strname[30]</nowiki>'''<nowiki>; </nowiki>
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here we are declaring the '''string''' ''''strname'''' with size ''''30''''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight

'''printf("Enter the string\n"); '''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here we are accepting a '''string''' from the user

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight

'''<nowiki>scanf("%[^\n]s",strname);</nowiki>'''

| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To read a '''string''', we can use '''scanf()''' function with format specifier '''%s'''

Here we are using the '''caret''' sign and''' \n''' to include the spaces with the '''string'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type:

'''printf("The string is %s\n", strname);'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here we print the '''string'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Save the program
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now click on '''Save''' to save the program

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Execution of the program

On the terminal

| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us execute the program

Please open the terminal window by pressing '''Ctrl, Alt and T '''keys simultaneously

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

'''gcc strdeclare.c str'''

>> press '''Enter'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To compile

Type

'''gcc strdeclare.c str'''

And press '''Enter'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

'''./str '''

>> press '''Enter'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To execute,

type

'''./str '''

and press '''Enter'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Enter the string '''is displayed here

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

'''Talk To A Teacher >>''' press '''Enter'''

| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| I will type

'''Talk To A Teacher'''

and press '''Enter'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight

Output
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| And the output is displayed as

'''The string is Talk To A Teacher'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 6

Initialization of the string

Syntax:

<nowiki>char strinitialize[20] = “star”;</nowiki>

(or)

<nowiki>char strinitialize[] = {'S', 't', 'r'};</nowiki>
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us switch back to the slides

Until now we discussed about the declaration of a '''string'''

Now we are going to discuss how to initialize the '''string'''

This is done by specifying the value

To initialize a string the syntax is

'''<nowiki>char var_name[size] = “string”;</nowiki>'''

(or)

'''<nowiki>char var_name[] = </nowiki>{'S', 't', 'r'};'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Please switch to the Text editor

| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let me show you how to use the first syntax with an example

Please switch back to the Text Editor

Let me use the same example

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on

File >> Save as option

Type

strinitialize.c
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| First click on '''File''' menu

Click on '''Save as''' option

Let us save the file with the name '''strinitialize.c'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on save
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now click on '''Save'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

'''<nowiki>char name[30] = "Talk To A Teacher"</nowiki>'''<nowiki>; </nowiki>

| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us change a few things here

Let us replace the 5th line with

'''char <nowiki>strname [30] = “Talk To A Teacher”;</nowiki>'''

Here we have initialized a character array '''strname''' with size ''''30''''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Delete

'''printf("Enter the string\n"); '''

'''<nowiki>scanf("%[^\n]s",strname);</nowiki>'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Please remove the next two lines

as we only want to print the '''string'''

We are not taking the '''string''' as input from the user

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Save the program
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now let us save the program and execute it

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| On the terminal

Type

'''gcc strinitialize.c -o str1'''

| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Come back to the terminal

Let us compile as before

Type

'''gcc strinitialize.c -o str1'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| To execute

Type

'''./str1'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To execute

Type

'''./str1'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight

'''Output'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here the output is displayed as

'''The string is Talk To A Teacher'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Error1

Type

'''sting.h'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us see some common errors which we can come across

Suppose here we type the spelling of string as

'''sting'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on '''Save'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| I will retain rest of the code as it is

Click on '''Save'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| On the terminal
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To execute the program, we will go on the terminal

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Compile and execute as before

'''gcc strinitialize.c -o str1'''

'''./str1'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us compile and execute as before

We see that there is a fatal error

The compiler is not able to find the '''header file''' with the name '''<nowiki><sting.h></nowiki>'''

Hence the compilation is terminated

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| On the editor, correct the spelling
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us fix this error

Come back to the program

Type '''r''' here

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| On the terminal
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Come back on the terminal

Let us compile and execute as before

Yes it is working!

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Error2

Type

'''int'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us see another common error

Suppose I type '''int''' here in place of''' char'''

Let us see what happens

Come back on the terminal

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| On the terminal
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us compile and execute as before

We see there is an error and a warning

'''The format specifier for string is %s '''

And we are declaring it with an integer data type '''int'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| On the editor
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us fix the error

Come back to our program

Let us type '''char '''here

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on save
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on '''Save'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| On the terminal
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Come back to our terminal

Let us compile and execute as before

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Yes it is working!

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| On the editor
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| NOW LET US SEE HOW TO EXECUTE THE SAME PROGRAM IN C++

Come back to our program

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on File

Save as

Type

'''.cpp'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| First let us save the file with an extention '''.cpp'''

Click on '''File''' menu

Click on '''Save as '''option

Now save the file with an extension '''.cpp'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let me change a few things here

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

iostream
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| First we will change the header file as

'''iostream'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

'''<nowiki>#include <string></nowiki>'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We will include another header file here

Type

'''<nowiki>#include <string></nowiki>'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

using namespace std;
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We will include the '''using '''statement here

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

string strname;
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us define a string variable '''strname'''

Since we don't use the '''format specifier''' in C++ ,

the compiler should know that '''strname''' is a '''string''' variable

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

<nowiki>cout <<</nowiki>
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now replace the '''printf '''statement with '''cout''' statement

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Delete scanf

Type

'''getline(cin, strname);'''

| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now delete the '''scanf''' statement here and

Type

'''getline(cin, strname);'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We use '''getline''' to extract the characters from the input sequence

It stores them as a '''string'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

<nowiki>cout <<"The string is " <<strname <<"\n";</nowiki>

In place of

printf("The string is %s\n",strname);
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now again replace the '''printf''' statement with '''cout''' statement

Delete the format specifier and '''\n''' here

Type two opening angle brackets

Then again type two opening angle brackets here and type within the double quotes '''\n'''

Delete the closing bracket here

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on save
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now click on '''Save'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| On the terminal
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Come back on the terminal

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

'''g++ string.cpp -o str1'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To compile type

'''g++ string.cpp -o str1'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type

'''./str1'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To execute type

'''./str1'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight >> type '''Talk To A Teacher'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Enter the string '''is displayed here

I will type''' Talk To A Teacher'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The output is displayed as

'''The string is Talk To A Teacher'''

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 7

Assignment
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| As an assignment

Write a program to print a string using the 2<sup>nd</sup> syntax

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 8

About the Spoken Tutorial Project
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Watch the video available at the link shown

http://spoken-tutorial.org /What\_is\_a\_Spoken\_Tutorial

It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project

If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 9

Spoken Tutorial Workshops

| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team

Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials

Gives certificates to those who pass an online test

For more details, Please write to

contact@spoken-tutorial.org

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 10

Acknowledgement
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project

It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India

More information on this Mission is available at: http://spoken-tutorial.org\NMEICT-Intro

|-
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay

Thank You for joining

|}

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
-| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Welcome to the spoken-tutorial on String
+| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Welcome to the spoken-tutorial on '''String Library Functions in C'''
-−
 Library Functions in C
 |-
@@ Line 60: / Line 58: @@
 | style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let us see some of the string library functions
-Here we have the strncpy function
+Here we have the '''strncpy''' function
-The syntax for this is strncpy(char str1, char str2, int n )
+The syntax for this is
-It copies first n characters of string str2 into string str1.
+It copies first n characters of string '''str2''' into string '''str1.'''
 eg.
-char strncpy(char hello, char world, 2);
+'''char strncpy(char hello, char world, 2);'''
 The output will be
-Wollo
+'''Wollo'''
-Here we have Wo fromt the string 2 and rest of the characters from string 1
+Here we have '''Wo''' from the string 2 and rest of the characters from string 1
 |-
@@ Line 81: / Line 80: @@
-| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now we will see strcmpy function int strncmp, the syntax for this is (char str1, char str2, int n)
+| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now we will see '''strcmpy''' function , the syntax for this is
 It will compare first n characters of string 2 with string 1
@@ Line 87: / Line 88: @@
 eg.
-int strncmp(char ice, char icecream, int 2);
+'''int strmcmp(char ice, char icecream, (and) int 2);'''
 The output will be 0
@@ Line 109: / Line 110: @@
 |-
 | style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| //strlen()
-| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Note that our filename is strlen.c.
+| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Note that our filename is '''strlen.c.'''
 In this we will find the length of the string
-These are the header files as '''stdio.h and string.h '''Make only one file which contain all the code / function.
+These are the header files as '''stdio.h and string.h '''
 This is our main function
@@ Line 126: / Line 127: @@
 Then we have an integer variable '''len1 '''
@@ Line 134: / Line 133: @@
 int len1 = strlen(arr);
-| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| here''' '''we will find the lenght of the string using strlen funtion
+| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here''' '''we will find the length of the string using strlen funtion
 the result will be stored in len1
@@ Line 145: / Line 144: @@
 And this is our return statement
 |-
@@ Line 170: / Line 166: @@
 "gcc" space "strlen.c" space “-o” space “str1”.
-Press Enter
+'''Press Enter'''
 |-
@@ Line 180: / Line 176: @@
 '''./str1'''
-Press Enter
+'''Press Enter '''
 |-
@@ Line 200: / Line 196: @@
 |-
 | style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| //strcpy
-| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Note that our filename is strcpy.c
+| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Note that our filename is '''strcpy.c'''
 |-
@@ Line 209: / Line 205: @@
 Here we have Ice in the source string, it will be copied to the target string
 |-
@@ Line 260: / Line 257: @@
 | style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now we will see the string compare function
-Note that our filename is strcmp.c
+Note that our filename is '''strcmp.c'''
 In this we will comapre two strings
-Here we have character variables as str1 and str2
+Here we have character variables as '''str1''' and '''str2 '''
 |-
@@ Line 272: / Line 269: @@
 <nowiki>char target[]= "Hello";</nowiki>
-| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| str 1 stores the value as ''''Ice'''' and str2 stores the value as ''''Cream'.'''
+| style="background-color:transparent;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''str1''' stores the value as ''''Ice'''' and '''str2''' stores the value as ''''Cream'.'''
-Here we have interger variables as i and j
+Here we have interger variables as i and j.
-In this we will compare the string using the strcmp function
+In this we will compare the string using the strcmp function.
-Here we compare str1 ie: 'Ice' with 'Hello'
+Here we compare str1 ie: 'Ice' with 'Hello'.
-The result is stored in i
+The result is stored in i.
-In this we will compare string 2 ie: 'Cream' with 'Cream'
+In this we will compare string 2 ie: 'Cream' with 'Cream'.
-The result is stored in j
+The result is stored in j.
-−
-Then we print both the results
-−
-and this is our return statement
@@ Line 342: / Line 337: @@
 and strncmp()
@@ Line 399: / Line 392: @@
 It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India
-More information on this Mission is available at: http://spoken-tutorial.org\NMEICT-Intro
+More information on this Mission is available at the link shown below: http://spoken-tutorial.org\NMEICT-Intro
 |-