C-and-C++/C2/First-C-Program/Gujarati - Revision history

PoojaMoolya at 09:54, 23 February 2017

2017-02-23T09:54:36Z

Gaurav at 05:20, 18 July 2014

2014-07-18T05:20:20Z

Gaurav at 07:13, 14 July 2014

2014-07-14T07:13:29Z

Pratik kamble at 11:08, 18 June 2014

2014-06-18T11:08:56Z

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Krupali at 11:01, 8 July 2013

2013-07-08T11:01:03Z

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Krupali at 04:56, 5 July 2013

2013-07-05T04:56:04Z

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Krupali: Created page with '{| border = 1 |'''Time''' |'''Narration''' |- | 00.02 | | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on First C program. |- | 00.06 | In this tutorial, we will learn |- | 00.08 | Ho…'

2013-07-03T09:16:26Z

Created page with '{| border = 1 |'''Time''' |'''Narration''' |- | 00.02 | | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on First C program. |- | 00.06 | In this tutorial, we will learn |- | 00.08 | Ho…'

New page

{| border = 1

|'''Time'''

|'''Narration'''

|-
| 00.02
| | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on First C program.

|-
| 00.06
| In this tutorial, we will learn

|-
| 00.08
| How to write a simple C program

|-
| 00.11
| How to compile it

|-
| 00.13
| How to execute it

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| 00.14
|We will also explain some common errors and their solutions.

|-
|00.19
| | To record this tutorial, I am using

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| 00.22
|Ubuntu operating system version 11.10 and gcc Compiler version 4.6.1 on Ubuntu

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| 00.31
| To practice this tutorial,

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| 00.33
|You should be familiar with Ubuntu Operating System and an Editor

|-
| 00.39
|Some editors are vim and gedit

|-
| 00.42
|I will use gedit in this tutorial

|-
| 00.46
|For relevant tutorials please visit our website: [http://spoken-tutorial.org/ http://spoken-tutorial.org]

|-
|00.51
| Let me tell you how to write a C program through an example

|-
| 00.56
|Open the terminal window by pressing '''Ctrl, Alt and T '''keys simultaneously on your keyboard.

|-
| 01.07
| Now let's open the text editor. So, at the prompt, type

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| 01.12
|'''“gedit”''' space '''“talk”''' dot '''“c”''' space “&”'''

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| 01.20
|'''We use ampersand (&) to free up the prompt '''

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| 01.25
| Please note that all the '''C''' files will have extension dot '''“c”'''

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|01.31
| Now Press '''Enter'''

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| 01.33
| the text editor has opened

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| 01.37
| Let us start to write a program

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| 01.39
| Type double slash '''“//”''' space

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| 01.42
|'''“My first C program”.'''

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|01.48
| Here, double slash is used to comment the line

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| 01.52
|Comments are used to understand the flow of program

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| 01.56
|It is useful for documentation

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| 01.58
|It gives us information about the program

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| 02.01
|The double slash is called as single line comment.

|-
| 02.07
| Now press '''Enter'''

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|02.09
|Type hash '''“#include”''' space opening bracket , closing bracket'''

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| 02.17
| It is always a good practice to complete the brackets first, and then start writing inside it

|-
| 02.24
| Now Inside the bracket, type'''“stdio”''' dot”.” “'''h” '''

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| 02.30
| '''stdio.h''' is a '''header file'''

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| 02.34
|A '''program''' must contain this header file when it uses standard '''input/output functions'''.Now press Enter

|-
| 02.43
| type '''“int” '''space''' “main” '''opening bracket,
closing bracket '''“()”. '''

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| 02.50
| | ' '''main''' is a special '''function'''
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| 02.53
|It denotes that the execution of the program begins from this line

|-
| 02.58
|The opening bracket and closing bracket is called as parenthesis.

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| 03.04
| Parenthesis followed by '''main''' is to tell the user that '''main''' is a '''function'''

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| 03.11
| Here the '''int''' '''main function''' takes no '''arguments'''

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| 03.15
|It returns a value of type '''integer'''.

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| 03.19
| We will learn about '''data types''' in another tutorial.

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| 03.23
| Now Let us switch to the slides to know more about '''main function'''. Let us go to the next slide.

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| 03.30
| Every '''program'''should have one main function

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| 03.33
|There should NOT be more than one main function

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| 03.37
|Otherwise the compiler cannot locate the beginning of the program

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| 03.41
|The empty pair of parentheses indicates that main has no '''arguments'''

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| 03.47
|The concept of arguments will be discussed in detail in the upcoming tutorials.

|-
| 03.52
| Now let us come back to our program. Press Enter.

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| 03.58
| Type opening curly brace '''“{”'''

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| 04.00
|The opening curly bracket marks the beginning of the '''function''' '''main'''.

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| 04.05
|Then Type closing curly bracket '''“}”'''

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| 04.08
|The closing curly bracket indicates the end of the '''function''' '''main'''.

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| 04.13
| Now Inside the bracket

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| 04.14
|press '''Enter''' twice, move the cursor one line up

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| 04.20
| Indentation makes the code easier to read

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| 04.23
|It also helps to locate errors faster

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| 04.26
|So let us give three space here

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| 04.29
| And Type''' “printf” ''' opening bracket closing bracket '''“()” '''

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| 04.34
|'''printf '''is a standard C function to print the output on the terminal

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| 04.39
| Here inside the brackets, within double quotes,

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| 04.44
|Anything within the double quotes in the printf statement will be printed on the terminal.

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| 04.50
|Type'''“Talk To a Teacher '''backslash '''n”'''

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| 05.00
|Backslash n '''“\n” '''signifies newline

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| 05.03
|As a result, after execution of the '''printf '''function, the cursor moves to the new line

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| 05.11
| Every '''C''' statement must end with a '''semicolon “;”'''

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| 05.15
|Hence, type it at the end of this line.

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| 05.19
|'''Semicolon''' acts as a statement terminator.

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|05.24
|Now press '''Enter''' give three space here

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|05.28
| And type '''“return”''' space''' “0”''' and a '''semicolon''' '''“;”'''

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| 05.34
| This statement returns the integer zero

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| 05.38
|An integer has to be returned for this function because the function type is '''int'''

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| 05.45
|The '''return''' statement marks the end of executable statements

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| 05.51
|We will learn more about the returned values in another tutorial.

|-
| 05.56
| Now click on"'''Save'''" button to save the file

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| 06.00
|It is a good habit to save files frequently

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| 06.03
|This will protect you from sudden power failures

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| 06.06
|It will also be useful in case the applications were to crash.

|-
| 06.11
| Let us now compile the program come back to a terminal.

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| 06.15
|Type '''“gcc”''' space '''“talk.c”''' space hyphen “-'''o”''' space '''“myoutput”'''

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| 06.24
| '''gcc''' is the compiler

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| 06.27
|'''talk.c''' is our filename .
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| 06.30
|'''-o''' '''myoutput''' says that the executable should go to the file '''myoutput'''

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| 06.37
| Now Press''' Enter. '''

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| 06.39
|We see that the program is compiled

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| 06.42
|By typing '''ls -lrt''', we can see that '''myoutput''' is the last file to be created

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| 06.54
|To execute the program, type dot slash '''“./myoutput” ''' press '''Enter.'''

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|07.01
| Here the output is displayed as '''“Talk To a Teacher”.'''

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| 07.06
| As I said before, return is the last statement to be executed

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| 07.10
|Thus after the return statement nothing will be executed. Let us try it out.

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|07.16
| come back to our program.

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| 07.17
| After the '''return''' statement, let us include one more printf statement type printf("Welcome \n");

|-
| 07.35
| Now click on save.

|-
| 07.37
|Let us compile and execute come back to our terminal.

|-
|07.41
| you can recall the previously entered commands by using '''up arrow'''key.

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| 07.46
|That is what I did now

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| 07.51
|We see that the second statements '''welcome''' is not executed

|-
| 07.58
| Now come back to our program

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| 08.00
|Let us write the 'Welcome' statement above the return statement

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| 08.07
| Click on Save.

|-
| 08.09
|Let us compile and execute

|-
| 08.15
|We see that the second '''printf''' statement ''welcome'' has also has been executed

|-
| 08.23
| Now let us see the common errors which we can come across. Come back to our program.

|-
| 08.29
| Suppose here I will the miss the dot in '''“stdio.h”''' Click on save.

|-
| 08.35
| Let us compile and execute .

|-
| 08.42
|We see that

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| 08.43
|There is a fatal error at line no.2 in our '''talk.c''' file.

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| 08.48
|The compiler cannot find a '''header file''' with the name '''“stdioh”'''hence it is giving an error no such file or directory.

|-
| 08.59
|And the compilation is terminated.
|-
| 09.03
|Let us now fix the error come back to a program Reinsert the dot '''“.”'''click on save

|-
| 09.11
| Let us compile and execute it.Yes It is working.

|-
| 09.19
| I will show you another common error

|-
|09.23
|Let us switch back to the program.

|-
| 09.26
| Now, suppose here i will miss the '''semicolon''' at the end of the line

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| 09.31
| Click on '''Save'''.Let us compile and execute

|-
| 09.42
| We see that there is an error at line no.6 in our talk.c file. That expected ''semicolon'' before printf.
|-
| 09.51
|Come back to our program. As i said before semicolon acts as a statement terminator

|-
| 09.59
|So it will search for it at the end of the line.5 and at the beginning of the line.6.

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| 10.07
| This is line 6

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| 10.09
| This is the last place where you can put the '''semicolon'''

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| 10.13
|Recall that the compiler also give the error message on line 6.

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| 10.18
| Let us try what happens if we put the semicolon here.

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| 10.24
| Click on '''Save''' .

|-
| 10.26
|Let us Compile and execute.Yes it is working

|-
| 10.33
|Now come back to our program. Let us type the ''semicolon'' here at the end of this line.

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| 10.41
| As it is a conventional practice to type the ''semicolon'' at the end of the line. Now click on save.

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| 10.49
| Let us Compile and execute. .Yes it is working.

|-
| 10.49
|Let us go back to our slides.

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|10.57
| As an Assignment

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| 10.59
|Write a program to print "Welcome to the World of C"

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| 11.03
|See what happens if '''“\n”''' is not included in the '''printf''' statement.

|-
| 11.09
| This brings us to the end of this tutorial

|-
| 11.12
| Watch the video available at the link shown http://spokentutorial.org/What\_is\_a\_Spoken\_Tutorial

|-
| 11.15
|It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project

|-
| 11.18
|If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.

|-
| 11.22
| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team

|-
| 11.25
|Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials

|-
| 11.28
|Gives certificates to those who pass an online test

|-
| 11.32
|For more details, please write to contact [at] spoken hyphen tutorial dot org

|-
|11.38
| Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project

|-
| 11.42
|It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India

|-
| 11.48
|More information on this Mission is available at: http://spoken-tutorial.org\NMEICT-Intro

|-
| 11.51
| This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay. Thank you for joining.

|}

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 |-
 | 00:02
-| | પ્રથમ C પ્રોગ્રામ પરના સ્પોકન ટ્યુટોરીયલમાં તમારું સ્વાગત છે.
+| પ્રથમ C પ્રોગ્રામ પરના સ્પોકન ટ્યુટોરીયલમાં તમારું સ્વાગત છે.
 |-
@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 |-
 | 00:13
-| તેને એક્ઝેક્યુટ કેવી રીતે કરવું
+| તેને એક્ઝેક્યુટ કેવી રીતે કરવું આપણે કેટલીક સામાન્ય એરર અને તેના ઉકેલો પણ સમજીશું.
-−
-|-
-| 00:14
-|આપણે કેટલીક સામાન્ય એરર અને તેના ઉકેલો પણ સમજીશું.
 |-
 |00:19
-| | આ ટ્યુટોરીયલ રેકોર્ડ કરવા માટે, હું
+| આ ટ્યુટોરીયલ રેકોર્ડ કરવા માટે, હું
 |-
@@ Line 147: / Line 143: @@
 |-
 | 02:43
-|   ટાઇપ કરો, '''“int” ''' સ્પેસ ''' “main” ''' ઓપનીંગ બ્રેકેટ,
+|   ટાઇપ કરો, '''“int” ''' સ્પેસ ''' “main” ''' ઓપનીંગ બ્રેકેટ, ક્લોસિંગ બ્રેકેટ '''“()”. '''
- ક્લોસિંગ બ્રેકેટ '''“()”. '''
 |-
 | 02:50
-| | ' '''main''' એક ખાસ ફન્કશન છે.
+| '''main''' એક ખાસ ફન્કશન છે.
 |-
@@ Line 224: / Line 219: @@
 |-
 | 04:13
-| હવે બ્રેકેટ અંદર,
+| હવે બ્રેકેટ અંદર, બે વખત એન્ટર ડબાઓ,  કર્સરને એક લીટી ઉપર ખસેડો.
-−
-|-
-| 04:14
-|બે વખત એન્ટર ડબાઓ,  કર્સરને એક લીટી ઉપર ખસેડો.
 |-
@@ Line 371: / Line 362: @@
 |-
 |07:16
-| પ્રોગ્રામ પર પાછા આવો.
+| પ્રોગ્રામ પર પાછા આવો.  '''return''' સ્ટેટમેન્ટ પછી, ચાલો એક વધુ '''printf''' સ્ટેટમેન્ટ ઉમેરીએ, ટાઇપ કરો, printf("Welcome \n");
-−
-|-
-| 07:17
-| '''return''' સ્ટેટમેન્ટ પછી, ચાલો એક વધુ '''printf''' સ્ટેટમેન્ટ ઉમેરીએ, ટાઇપ કરો, printf("Welcome \n");
 |-
@@ Line 387: / Line 374: @@
 |-
 |07:41
-|  તમે '''up arrow''' કીનો ઉપયોગ કરીને અગાઉ દાખલ કરેલા કમાન્ડો યાદ કરી શકો છો.
+| તમે '''up arrow''' કીનો ઉપયોગ કરીને અગાઉ દાખલ કરેલા કમાન્ડો યાદ કરી શકો છો.
 |-
@@ Line 407: / Line 394: @@
 |-
 | 08:07
-|  Save ઉપર ક્લિક કરો.
+|Save ઉપર ક્લિક કરો.
 |-
@@ Line 431: / Line 418: @@
 |-
 | 08:42
-|આપણે જોશું કે,
+|આપણે જોશું કે, આપણી '''talk.c''' ફાઈલમાં લીટી નમ્બર 2 ઉપર ફેટલ એરર છે.
-−
-|-
-| 08:43
-|આપણી '''talk.c''' ફાઈલમાં લીટી નમ્બર 2 ઉપર ફેટલ એરર છે.
 |-
@@ Line 518: / Line 501: @@
 |-
-| 10:49
+| 10:54
 |ચાલો આપણી સ્લાઈડ ઉપર પાછા જઈએ.

@@ Line 420: / Line 420: @@
 | 08:23
 |હવે ચાલો સામાન્ય એરર જે આવી શકે છે તે જોઈએ. આપણા પ્રોગ્રામ પર પાછા આવો.
 |-

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