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		<title>BASH/C3/More-on-functions/Khasi - Revision history</title>
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		<updated>2026-05-14T16:44:25Z</updated>
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		<id>https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=BASH/C3/More-on-functions/Khasi&amp;diff=37262&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Meboreen Mary: Created page with &quot; {|border=1  |'''Time''' |'''Narration'''  |- | 00:01 | Ngi pdiangsngewbha iaphi sha ka “spoken tutorial” halor ka “More on functions.” |- | 00:06 |Ha kane ka jinghika...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=BASH/C3/More-on-functions/Khasi&amp;diff=37262&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2017-06-04T15:39:03Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot; {|border=1  |&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Time&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; |&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Narration&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;  |- | 00:01 | Ngi pdiangsngewbha iaphi sha ka “spoken tutorial” halor ka “More on functions.” |- | 00:06 |Ha kane ka jinghika...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{|border=1 &lt;br /&gt;
|'''Time'''&lt;br /&gt;
|'''Narration'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 00:01&lt;br /&gt;
| Ngi pdiangsngewbha iaphi sha ka “spoken tutorial” halor ka “More on functions.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 00:06&lt;br /&gt;
|Ha kane ka jinghikai, ngin ia pule kumno ban:&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|00:09&lt;br /&gt;
| Ban pass ia ka “argument” sha ka “function””&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|00:11&lt;br /&gt;
| Ban define ia ka “local variable” hapoh ka “function” bad&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 00:16&lt;br /&gt;
| Ban define ia ka “global variable” ha ka “function”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 00:19&lt;br /&gt;
| Da ka jingiarap jong ki katto katne ki nuksa.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 00:23&lt;br /&gt;
| Ban bud ia kane ka jinghikai, phi dei ban don ia ka jingtip jong ka “Shell Scripting” ha ka “BASH.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 00:28&lt;br /&gt;
|Lada phim tip, na ka bynta ki jinghikai ba iadei, sngewbha leit sha ka website jong ngi kumba la pyni: (http://www.spoken-tutorial.org)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 00:35&lt;br /&gt;
| Na ka bynta kane ka jinghikai, nga pyndonkam da ka:&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|00:37&lt;br /&gt;
| '''Ubuntu Linux''' 12.04 '''Operating System''' bad&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|00:42&lt;br /&gt;
| '''GNU BASH''' version 4.2.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 00:45&lt;br /&gt;
| Sngewbha kynmaw, ka “GNU Bash” version 4 lane kaba kham shajrong lah ai jingmut na ka bynta kane ka jinghikai.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 00:52&lt;br /&gt;
| To ngin ia pule shwa nyngkong kumno ban pass ia ka “argument” sha ka “function” bad ka jingdonkam jong ka.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 00:59&lt;br /&gt;
|To ngan plie ia ka file ''' 'function_(underscore) parameters.sh' '''.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|01:05&lt;br /&gt;
| Kane kadei ka “shebang line.”&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|01:08&lt;br /&gt;
| Ka kyrteng jong ka “function” kadei '''say_(underscore)welcome'''.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 01:13&lt;br /&gt;
| Open curly bracket ka plie ia ka “function” definition.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|01:18&lt;br /&gt;
|'$1' '''(Dollar one)''' kadei ka '''positional parameter''' ba nyngkong.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 01:22&lt;br /&gt;
|'$2' '''(Dollar two)''' kadei ka '''positional parameter''' ba ar.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|01:26&lt;br /&gt;
|Close curly bracket ka khang ia ka “function definition”.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|01:30&lt;br /&gt;
|Hangne, ka function ''' 'say_welcome' ''' la call bad ki '''arguments'''.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|01:35&lt;br /&gt;
| Ka syntax kadei- ka kyrteng jong ka'''function''' kata &amp;quot;say_welcome&amp;quot; bud da ki '''arguments '''hapoh double quotes, kata &amp;quot;Bash&amp;quot; bad &amp;quot;learning&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|01:49&lt;br /&gt;
| Ha kajuh ka rukom, ngan sa “call” ia kajuh ka “function” ryngkat ki set bapher bapher jong ki “arguments”. Te, nga don ia ka “say_welcome” space hapoh ki double quotes “functions in” space hapoh double quotes “Bash”.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 02:05&lt;br /&gt;
| “Save” ia ka file bad leit sha ka “terminal”.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 02:08&lt;br /&gt;
| Type: '''chmod space plus x space function underscore parameters dot sh'''.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|02:17&lt;br /&gt;
| Nion “Enter.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 02:19&lt;br /&gt;
| Type: '''dot slash function underscore parameters dot sh'''.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 02:26&lt;br /&gt;
| Nion “Enter.”&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|02:28&lt;br /&gt;
| Ngi iohi ba ki '''positional parameters''' lah bujli da ki '''arguments''' ba lah pass sha ka '''function'''.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|02:36&lt;br /&gt;
| Dollar 1 ($1) lah bujli da ka  '''string''' &amp;quot;Bash&amp;quot; bad Dollar 2 ($2) da ka &amp;quot;learning&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|02:45&lt;br /&gt;
| Nangta sa shisien, Dollar 1 ($1) lah bujli da ka &amp;quot;functions in&amp;quot; bad Dollar 2 ($2) da ka &amp;quot;Bash&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|02:55&lt;br /&gt;
|Ha ka “Bash”, “variable” lah ban declare kum ki “local variables” bad “global variables.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|03:01&lt;br /&gt;
| '''Local variable''':&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|03:03&lt;br /&gt;
| Ki value jong ka kin long valid hapoh ka “function” ha kaba lah define ia ka.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|03:10&lt;br /&gt;
|'''Local variables''' lah declare da ka keyword '''local'''.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|03:15&lt;br /&gt;
| '''Global variable''':&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|03:17&lt;br /&gt;
| Ka value jong ka “global variable” lah ban access ha baroh kawei ka “Bash script”.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 03:24&lt;br /&gt;
| To ngin ia pule ia kine 2 tylli ki rukom ban declare ia ka “variable” hapoh ka “function.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 03:29&lt;br /&gt;
| To ngan plie ia ka file kaba kyrteng ka ''' 'function_(underscore)local.sh''''.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|03:35&lt;br /&gt;
|Kane kadei ka “shebang line.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 03:39&lt;br /&gt;
| Ka kyrteng jong ka '''Function''' kadei '''say_(underscore) hello'''.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|03:43&lt;br /&gt;
|Hangne, ka '''variable''' '''first_name ''' lah pynithuh da ka '''keyword''' '''local'''&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|03:49&lt;br /&gt;
| Kaba mut ba ka value kan long valid tang hapoh ka function “say_hello”.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 03:55&lt;br /&gt;
|Ka “variable” kaba la pynithuh khlem kano kano ka keyword la khein kum ka “global variable”.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|04:01&lt;br /&gt;
| Te, ka variable “last_name” lah ban access ha baroh kawei ka “script”.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 04:08&lt;br /&gt;
| Ha kane ka “echo” line, ngin ia pyni ia ka value jong ki variables&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|04:12&lt;br /&gt;
|'''first_name, '''&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|04:14&lt;br /&gt;
|'''middle_name ''' bad '''last_name'''.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|04:17&lt;br /&gt;
| Hadien kane, ngi khang ia ka “function.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 04:21&lt;br /&gt;
| Mynta, hangne, ka variable '''middle_name ''' lah declare khlem u keyword. Te, ka value kan dei '''global ''' ha baroh kawei ka script.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 04:30&lt;br /&gt;
|Sa shisien, ngin “call” ia ka “function” hangne.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 04:34&lt;br /&gt;
|Ngi pass ia ar tylli ki “arguments” ha kane ka “function call” kaba kyrteng- “Pratik” bad “Patil”.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 04:41&lt;br /&gt;
| Kine ki “echo” statements kin sa pyni ia ka value jong ki “variables”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|04:45&lt;br /&gt;
| '''$first_name, ''''''$middle_name ''' bad '''$last_name'''.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 04:51&lt;br /&gt;
|Sngewbha buh jingmut ba ka variable “first_name” kadei ka “local variable.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 04:57&lt;br /&gt;
| “Save” ia ka file bad leit sha ka “terminal.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 05:00&lt;br /&gt;
| Type: '''chmod space plus x space function underscore local dot sh'''.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|05:09&lt;br /&gt;
| Nion “Enter.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 05:11&lt;br /&gt;
| Type: '''dot slash function underscore local dot sh'''&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|05:16&lt;br /&gt;
| Nion “Enter.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|05:18&lt;br /&gt;
| Ka lain ba nyngkong jong ka output ka pyni ia ka khubor '''&amp;quot;Hello Pratik K Patil&amp;quot;.'''&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|05:25&lt;br /&gt;
| Hangne, ka variable “first_name” kaba don ia u value “Pratik” kadei “local”&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|05:31&lt;br /&gt;
| Kaba mut ba u value u long pyrkhing ha ka “function”.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 05:35&lt;br /&gt;
| Mynta, to ngin peit kumno ka “local variable” kalong shabar jong ka “function”.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 05:41&lt;br /&gt;
| Hangne, khlem pyni eiei ha ka “first_name.”&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|05:44&lt;br /&gt;
|Kane kadei namar ba ka value jong ka “first_name” kadei “local” ha ka “function”. Bad kam don shabar jong ka “function”.&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
|05:53&lt;br /&gt;
| “middle_name” bad “last_name” la print namar ba kidei ki “global variables.”&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 05:59&lt;br /&gt;
|Kyrmen ba ka jingiapher hapdeng kine ka lah shai ia phi.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|06:02&lt;br /&gt;
| To mynta ngin ia batai kyllum.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 06:04&lt;br /&gt;
|Ha kane ka jinghikai, ngi la pule kumno ban:&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|06:07&lt;br /&gt;
|Pass ia ki “arguments” sha ka “function”&lt;br /&gt;
Ban declare ia ka “local variable” ha ka “function”.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|06:14&lt;br /&gt;
| Ban declare ia ka “global variable” ha ka “function” da ka jingiarap jong katto katne ki nuksa.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|06:20&lt;br /&gt;
| Kum ka kam na ka bynta jong phi-&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|06:22&lt;br /&gt;
| Thoh ia ka program ha kaba ka “function” ka pdiang ia ar tylli ki “arguments”. Ka “function” kadei ban multiply ia ki ar tylli ki “arguments”.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|06:31&lt;br /&gt;
| Pynlong 3 tylli ki “function calls” bad “argument” (1, 2), (2, 3) bad (3, 4).&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 06:39&lt;br /&gt;
| Peit ia ka video kaba don ha ka link ba la ai harum.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 06:43&lt;br /&gt;
|Ka kyllum lang ia ka Spoken-Tutorial project. Lada phim don ia ka bandwidth kaba biang, phi lah ban shu download bad peit ia ka hadien.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 06:51&lt;br /&gt;
| Ka kynhun jong ka Spoken Tutorial  project:&lt;br /&gt;
Ka pynlong ia ki workshops da kaba pyndonkam da ki spoken tutorials;&lt;br /&gt;
Ka ai certificates sha kito kiba pass ha ka online test.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 07:00&lt;br /&gt;
| Na ka bynta ki jingtip ba bniah, sngewbha thoh sha ka contact@spoken-tutorial.org&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 07:07&lt;br /&gt;
| '''Spoken Tutorial''' project kadei shi bynta jong ka '''Talk to a Teacher''' project.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|07:11&lt;br /&gt;
| La kyrshan ia ka da ka National Mission on Education lyngba ka ICT, MHRD, Sorkar India. Kham bun ki jingtip halor kane ka mission kidon ha ka: http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 07:26&lt;br /&gt;
| Ia kane ka script la noh synniang da ka FOSSEE bad ka kynhun jong ka Spoken-Tutorial.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|07:31&lt;br /&gt;
| Ma nga i Meboreen na Shillong nga pynkut ia kane. Khublei shibun.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Meboreen Mary</name></author>	</entry>

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