BASH/C2/String-and-File-attributes/Gujarati - Revision history

PoojaMoolya at 06:57, 23 February 2017

2017-02-23T06:57:09Z

Jyotisolanki at 05:31, 10 March 2015

2015-03-10T05:31:23Z

Jyotisolanki at 04:58, 21 January 2015

2015-01-21T04:58:06Z

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Jyotisolanki at 06:57, 2 January 2015

2015-01-02T06:57:01Z

Jyotisolanki: Created page with "'''Title of script:''' '''String and File Attributes''' '''comparison in Bash''' '''Author:''' Ashwini Patil '''Keywords: video tutorial, ==, !=, string compare, file attrib..."

2015-01-02T06:41:07Z

Created page with "'''Title of script:''' '''String and File Attributes''' '''comparison in Bash''' '''Author:''' Ashwini Patil '''Keywords: video tutorial, ==, !=, string compare, file attrib..."

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'''Title of script:''' '''String and File Attributes''' '''comparison in Bash'''

'''Author:''' Ashwini Patil

'''Keywords: video tutorial, ==, !=, string compare, file attributes.'''

{| border=1
!Time
!Narration

|-
| 00:01
| બેશમાં '''String and File Attributes comparison ''' પરના પરનાં આ સ્પોકન ટ્યુટોરીયલમાં સ્વાગત છે.

|-
| 00:10
| આ ટ્યુટોરીયલમાં, આપણે આપેલ વિશે શીખીશું,

|-
| 00:13
| * '''String comparison''' અને '''File attributes comparison'''

|-
| 00:18
| આપણે આ અમુક ઉદાહરણના મદદથી કરીશું.

|-
| 00:22
| આ ટ્યુટોરીયલ માટે, હું વાપરી રહ્યી છું,

|-
| 00:25
| * ઉબ્નટુ લીનક્સ 12.04 ઓપરેટીંગ સિસ્ટમ અને

|-
| 00:30
| * '''GNU BASH''' આવૃત્તિ 4.1.10

|-
| 00:34
| નોંધ લો પ્રેક્ટીસ માટે GNU Bash આવૃત્તિ 4 અથવા તેથી વધુનો આગ્રહ કરીએ છીએ.

|-
| 00:42
| પરિચયથી શરૂઆત કરીએ.

|-
| 00:45
| There are two ways to compare a in '''Bash'''. બેશમાં '''string''' ની તુલના krwana be margo che .

|-
| 00:49
| 1) First: using == (equal to equal to) operator

|-
| 00:53
| To compare two '''equal strings'''.

|-
| 00:56
| 2) Second: != (not equal to) operator.

|-
| 00:59
| To compare two '''not equal strings'''.

|-
| 01:03
| Let us look at an example.

|-
| 01:06
| I have a simple program here, that checks the user ID.

|-
| 01:11
| Open a file in your editor and save it as '''strcompare dot sh'''

|-
| 01:19
| Now, type the code as shown here, in your '''strcompare dot sh''' file.

|-
| 01:26
| Let me explain the code.

|-
| 01:28
| This is '''shebang line.'''

|-
| 01:31
| '''whoami''' command gives the '''username''' of the current '''user.'''

|-
| 01:36
| The '''if''' statement checks the output of the variable '''whoami ''' against the '''string “root”'''.

|-
| 01:44
| We have used '''not-equal to''' operator here to compare the '''strings'''.

|-
| 01:50
| If the current user is not the '''root user,''' then it will '''echo''' this statement -

|-
| 01:57
| '''“You have no permission to run strcompare dot sh as non-root user.”'''

|-
| 02:05
| Here '''$0 (dollar zero)''' is the '''zeroeth''' argument which is a filename itself.

|-
| 02:13
| If the user is the '''root user''', it will '''echo -''' '''“Welcome root!”'''

|-
| 02:18
| Then we have the '''exit''' statement for the program.

|-
| 02:23
| And here with '''fi ''' we end the '''if statement.'''

|-
| 02:28
| Let us switch back to our slides to know more about the '''exit statement.'''

|-
| 02:34
| Every program returns an '''exit status'''.

|-
| 02:38
| A successful command returns a '''0 (zero)'''.

|-
| 02:42
| An erroneous command returns a '''non-zero''' '''value.'''

|-
| 02:47
| It can be interpreted as an '''error code'''.

|-
| 02:51
| We can customize return value of the '''exit statement '''.

|-
| 02:56
| Now, let's execute the program.

|-
| 02:58
| Open the terminal by pressing '''Ctrl+Alt''' and '''T''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard.

|-
| 03:08
| First, let's check the current user of the system.

|-
| 03:12
| Type '''whoami'''

|-
| 03:15
| Press '''Enter.'''

|-
| 03:17
| This will output the name of the current user.

|-
| 03:21
| Now let's make our script executable.

|-
| 03:25
| Type '''chmod +x strcompare dot sh'''

|-
| 03:32
| Type '''dot slash strcompare dot sh'''

|-
| 03:37
| The output is displayed as:

|-
| 03:39
| '''You have no permission to run dot slash strcompare dot sh as non-root user.'''

|-
| 03:47
| Now let's execute the same '''program''' as '''root user.'''

|-
| 03:52
| Type: '''sudo dot slash strcompare dot sh '''

|-
| 03:58
| It will prompt for an password.

|-
| 04:01
| Give your password here.

|-
| 04:04
| The output is displayed as: '''Welcome root!. '''

|-
| 04:08
| Now, let's learn about the '''file attributes''' comparison.

|-
| 04:13
| I already have a working example of the code.

|-
| 04:17
| In this program, we will check whether a given file exists or not.

|-
| 04:23
| '''file1''' is the variable in which we save the path of the file.

|-
| 04:29
| '''-(hyphen) f''' command checks whether the file exists or not.

|-
| 04:33
| And whether it is a normal file.

|-
| 04:37
| If the condition is '''true,''' it will '''echo "File exists and is a normal file" '''

|-
| 04:44
| Else, it will '''echo "File does not exis" '''

|-
| 04:48
| Switch back to the '''terminal''' let us execute our file.

|-
| 04:53
| Type '''chmod plus x fileattrib dot sh'''

|-
| 05:00
| Type: '''dot slash fileattrib dot sh'''

|-
| 05:05
| The output is displayed as:

|-
| 05:07
| '''File exists and is a normal file'''.

|-
| 05:11
| Now we will check whether the file is empty or not.

|-
| 05:16
| Before executing our program, I will create an empty file named as '''empty dot sh'''.

|-
| 05:24
| Type '''gedit empty dot sh ampersand sign'''

|-
| 05:31
| Click on '''Save''', close the file.

|-
| 05:35
| |Let us replace '''- (hyphen) f''' attrib with '''- (hyphen) s''' attribute.

|-
| 05:41
| Replace the filename here as well.

|-
| 05:45
| Type ''' empty dot sh '''

|-
| 05:47
| Now, replace the first '''echo statement''' with:

|-
| 05:51
| ''' “File exists and is not empty”'''

|-
| 05:54
| And the second '''echo statement''' with:

|-
| 05:57
| ''' “File is empty”'''

|-
| 05:59
| Click on '''Save'''.

|-
| 06:01
| Come back to the terminal.

|-
| 06:03
| Let me clear the prompt.

|-
| 06:06
| Let's execute.

|-
| 06:08
| Type '''dot slash fileattrib dot sh''' press '''Enter.'''

|-
| 06:13
| The output is '''File is empty.'''

|-
| 06:17
| Now, let us see another file attribute, which will check the '''write premission''' of any file.

|-
| 06:24
| Come back to our program.

|-
| 06:26
| Let us replace the '''- (hyphen) s''' attribute with '''- (hyphen) w'''.

|-
| 06:32
| Now replace the first '''echo statement''' with:

|-
| 06:36
| '''“User has write permission to this file”'''

|-
| 06:40
| And the second '''echo statement''' with:

|-
| 06:43
| '''“User doesn't have write permission to this file”'''

|-
| 06:47
| Click on '''Save'''.

|-
| 06:49
| I will use a different file for this example.

|-
| 06:53
| I will select a file, which is not a readable file or which does not have '''write permission'''.

|-
| 07:01
| Let me change the '''filepath''' to

|-
| 07:04
| '''“slash etc slash mysql slash debian dot cnf”'''

|-
| 07:10
| Click on '''Save'''.

|-
| 07:12
| Let us execute our program.

|-
| 07:15
| Press the '''up-arrow key'''. Press '''Enter'''.

|-
| 07:19
| We see that the output is displayed as:

|-
| 07:21
| '''User doesn't have write permission to this file.'''

|-
| 07:26
| Now, let us see another example based on file attributes.

|-
| 07:31
| In this example, we will check whether '''file1''' is newer than '''file2.'''

|-
| 07:38
| Let us see the program.

|-
| 07:40
| Note that our filename is '''fileattrib2 dot sh'''

|-
| 07:46
| Let's go through the code.

|-
| 07:48
| Here we have two variables '''file1''' and '''file2.'''

|-
| 07:53
| The two files have already been created and are empty.

|-
| 07:58
| Here we check whether '''file1''' is newer than '''file2.'''

|-
| 08:04
| If the '''condition''' is '''true''', we print '''file1 is newer than file2.'''

|-
| 08:09
| '''Else''', '''file2 is newer than file1.'''

|-
| 08:14
| This is another '''if statement.'''

|-
| 08:16
| Here we check whether '''file1''' is older than '''file2.'''

|-
| 08:21
| If the '''condition''' is '''true''', we print '''file1 is older than file2.'''

|-
| 08:27
| Else, we print '''file2 is older than file1.'''

|-
| 08:32
| Come back to our '''terminal.'''

|-
| 08:35
| First, we will edit '''empty1 dot sh''' file

|-
| 08:39
| I will just add an '''echo statement''' in it.

|-
| 08:42
| Type: '''echo within doubel quotes Hiii after the double quotes greater than sign empty one dot sh'''. Press '''Enter'''.

|-
| 08:53
| Now, let us make our script executeable.

|-
| 08:57
| Type '''chmod plus x fileattrib2 dot sh'''

|-
| 09:03
| Now type '''dot slash fileattrib2 dot sh'''

|-
| 09:09
| We see the output as:

|-
| 09:11
| '''file1 is newer than file2'''

|-
| 09:15
| '''file2 is older than file1'''

|-
| 09:19
| Now let's edit '''empty2 dot sh''' file.

|-
| 09:23
| Here also I will add an '''echo statement.'''

|-
| 09:27
| Type echo within double quotes '''How are you''' after the quotes (greater than sign) >'''empty2 dot sh'''.

|-
| 09:38
| Let me clear the prompt.

|-
| 09:41
| Now let us execute our script again.

|-
| 09:45
| Press the up-arrow key.

|-
| 09:47
| Go to '''dot slash fileattrib2 dot sh''' Press '''Enter.'''

|-
| 09:53
| Now the output is displayed as:

|-
| 09:55
| '''file2 is newer than file1'''

|-
| 09:59
| And '''file1 is older than file2'''

|-
| 10:03
| This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

|-
| 10:06
| Let us summarise.

|-
| 10:08
| In this tutorial we learnt,

|-
| 10:11
| '''String comparison'''

|-
| 10:12
|'''file attributes'''

|-
| 10:14
|'''==(equal to equal to)'''

|-
| 10:16
|'''!= (not equal to)'''

|-
| 10:17
|'''-f (hyphen f) '''

|-
| 10:18
|'''-s'''(hyphen s)

|-
| 10:19
|'''-w'''(hyphen w)

|-
| 10:21
|'''-nt'''(hyphen nt)

|-
| 10:22
|and '''-ot '''(hyphen ot)attributes.

|-
| 10:25
| As an assignment

|-
| 10:26
| Explore some more attributes.

|-
| 10:29
| Ex: '''-r '''

'''-x'''

and '''-o'''

|-
| 10:33
| Watch the video available at the link shown below

|-
| 10:36
| It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project

|-
| 10:40
| If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it

|-
| 10:45
| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team

|-
| 10:47
| Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials

|-
| 10:51
| Gives certificates to those who pass an online test

|-
| 10:55
| For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org

|-
| 11:02
| Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project

|-
| 11:06
| It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India

|-
| 11:14
| More information on this Mission is available at the link shown below .

|-
| 11:19
| The script has been contributed by Fossee and spoken-tutorial team.

|-
| 11:25
| This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay signning off.

|-
| 11:29
| Thank You for joining.

|}

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 |-
 | 00:13
-| * '''String comparison''' (સ્ટ્રીંગ તુલના) તથા '''File attributes comparison''' (ફાઈલ એટ્રીબ્યુટોની તુલના)
+|  '''String comparison''' (સ્ટ્રીંગ તુલના) તથા '''File attributes comparison''' (ફાઈલ એટ્રીબ્યુટોની તુલના)
 |-
@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
 |-
 | 00:25
-| * ઉબુન્ટુ લીનક્સ 12.04 ઓપરેટીંગ સીસ્ટમ અને
+| ઉબુન્ટુ લીનક્સ 12.04 ઓપરેટીંગ સીસ્ટમ અને
 |-
 | 00:30
-| * '''GNU BASH''' આવૃત્તિ 4.1.10
+| '''GNU BASH''' આવૃત્તિ 4.1.10
 |-
@@ Line 553: / Line 553: @@
 |-
 | 10:11
-| '''String comparison''' (સ્ટ્રીંગની તુલના)
+| '''String comparison''' (સ્ટ્રીંગની તુલના),  '''file attributes''' (ફાઈલ એટ્રીબ્યુટો)
-−
-|-
-| 10:12
-| '''file attributes''' (ફાઈલ એટ્રીબ્યુટો)
 |-
@@ Line 565: / Line 561: @@
 |-
 | 10:16
-| '''!= (નોટ ઈક્વલ ટુ)'''
+| '''!= (નોટ ઈક્વલ ટુ)''', '''-f (હાઈફન f)'''
-−
-|-
-| 10:17
-| '''-f (હાઈફન f)'''
 |-
 | 10:18
-| '''-s'''(હાઈફન s)
+| '''-s'''(હાઈફન s), '''-w'''(હાઈફન w)
-−
-|-
-| 10:19
-| '''-w'''(હાઈફન w)
 |-
 | 10:21
-| '''-nt'''(હાઈફન nt)
+| '''-nt'''(હાઈફન nt), અને '''-ot''' (હાઈફન ot) એટ્રીબ્યુટો.
-−
-|-
-| 10:22
-| અને '''-ot''' (હાઈફન ot) એટ્રીબ્યુટો.
 |-
 | 10:25
-| એસાઈનમેંટ તરીકે
+| એસાઈનમેંટ તરીકે - હજુ કેટલાક એટ્રીબ્યુટોનું અન્વેષણ કરો.
-−
-|-
-| 10:26
-| હજુ કેટલાક એટ્રીબ્યુટોનું અન્વેષણ કરો.
 |-
@@ Line 641: / Line 621: @@
 |-
 | 11:14
-| આ મિશન પર વધુ માહિતી નીચે દર્શાવેલ લીંક પર ઉપલબ્ધ છે.
+| આ મિશન પર વધુ માહિતી નીચે દર્શાવેલ લીંક પર ઉપલબ્ધ છે. '''http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro'''
 '''http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro'''
 |-

@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 |-
 | 00:30
-| * '''GNU BASH''' આવૃત્તિ 4.1.૧૦
+| * '''GNU BASH''' આવૃત્તિ 4.1.10
 |-

@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 |-
 |  00:45
-| There are two ways to compare a in '''Bash'''. બેશમાં '''string''' ની તુલના  krwana be margo che .
+|  બેશમાં '''string''' ની તુલના  કરવાના  બે  માર્ગો  છે .
 |-
 |  00:49
-| 1) First: using == (equal to equal to) operator
+| 1) પ્રથમ  == (equal to equal to) વાપરીને
 |-
 | 00:53
-| To compare two '''equal strings'''.
+|  બે  '''equal strings'''. સ્ટ્રીંગની તુલના કરવી.
 |-
 | 00:56
-| 2) Second: != (not equal to) operator.
+| 2) બીજું : != (not equal to) ઓપરેટર વાપરીને.
 |-
 | 00:59
-| To compare two '''not equal strings'''.
+|  બે '''not equal strings''' ની તુલના કરવી.
 |-
 | 01:03
-| Let us look at an example.
+|  ચાલો ઉદાહરણ જોઈએ.
 |-
 |  01:06
-|  I have a simple program here, that checks the user ID.
+| મારી પાસે અહી એક સરળ પ્રોગ્રામ છે જે યુઝર આઈડી ને તપાસે છે.
 |-
 | 01:11
-|  Open a file in your editor and save it as '''strcompare dot sh'''
+|  તમારા એડિટર પર ફાઈલ ખોલો અને તેને  '''strcompare dot sh'''   તરીકે સેવ કરો.
 |-
 |  01:19
-| Now, type the code as shown here, in your '''strcompare dot sh''' file.
+| હવે, અહી બતાવેલ કોડ  તમારી  '''strcompare dot sh'''  ફાઈલમાં ટાઈપ કરો.
 |-
 | 01:26
-|  Let me explain the code.
+|   ચાલો કોડ સમજાવું.
 |-
 | 01:28
-| This is '''shebang line.'''
+| આ  '''shebang line.''' છે
 |-