BASH/C2/Command-Line-arguments-and-Quoting/English-timed - Revision history

Pratik kamble at 10:03, 23 March 2017

2017-03-23T10:03:18Z

Pratik kamble at 10:01, 23 March 2017

2017-03-23T10:01:04Z

Pratik kamble at 09:52, 7 March 2017

2017-03-07T09:52:08Z

Gaurav at 04:52, 16 July 2015

2015-07-16T04:52:26Z

Sandhya.np14 at 11:29, 9 July 2015

2015-07-09T11:29:58Z

Sandhya.np14 at 04:39, 2 July 2015

2015-07-02T04:39:21Z

Sandhya.np14 at 04:36, 2 July 2015

2015-07-02T04:36:03Z

Sandhya.np14 at 04:32, 2 July 2015

2015-07-02T04:32:14Z

Show changes

Pratik kamble: Created page with " {|Border = 1 | '''Time''' | '''Narration''' |- | 00:01 | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on''' Command line arguments and Quoting in BASH''' |- | 00:08 | In this tutorial, w..."

2014-11-18T11:26:06Z

Created page with " {|Border = 1 | '''Time''' | '''Narration''' |- | 00:01 | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on''' Command line arguments and Quoting in BASH''' |- | 00:08 | In this tutorial, w..."

New page

{|Border = 1
| '''Time'''
| '''Narration'''

|-
| 00:01
| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on''' Command line arguments and Quoting in BASH'''

|-
| 00:08
| In this tutorial, we will learn about

|-
| 00:11
|* '''Command line Arguments '''and

|-
| 00:13
|* '''Quoting'''

|-
| 00:15
| To follow this tutorial, you should be familiar with the '''Linux Operating System.'''

|-
| 00:20
|If not, for relevant tutorials please visit our website which as shown

|-
| 00:26
| For this tutorial I am using

|-
| 00:29
|* '''Ubuntu Linux 12.04''' OS

|-
| 00:33
|* '''GNU Bash''' version '''4.1.10'''

|-
| 00:37
|'''GNU Bash '''version '''4''' or above is recommended for practice.

|-
| 00:43
|* '''Shell script''' can accept '''arguments''' from the '''command line'''.

|-
| 00:46
|* An '''argument''' is passed to a '''program''' being called.

|-
| 00:52
|* Any number of '''arguments''' can be passed to a '''program'''.

|-
| 00:57
| Let us open the '''terminal''' by pressing '''Ctrl Alt andT''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard.

|-
| 01:06
| I have already written the code in the file named '''arg.sh'''

|-
| 01:12
|On the '''terminal,''' let me open this file by typing,

|-
| 01:16
|'''gedit''' '''space arg.sh space ampersand sign'''

|-
| 01:23
|We use the '''ampersand to''' free up the '''prompt'''.

|-
| 01:27
|Now, Press''' Enter.'''

|-
| 01:30
| The text editor is opened.

|-
| 01:33
|Let me explain the code now.

|-
| 01:36
| This is the '''shenbang '''line.

|-
| 01:39
| This line will print the '''Zeroth''' '''argument'''.

|-
| 01:43
|Here, '''$0 (Dollar zero) '''will print the name of the shell script.

|-
| 01:48
|This in turn means that, the '''zeroth argument''' is the name of the '''program''' itself.

|-
| 01:55
| Let us execute the program and see.

|-
| 01:59
|Switch to the terminal.

|-
| 02:01
| First make the file executable by typing,

|-
| 02:05
|'''chmod space plus x space arg.sh'''

|-
| 02:12
|Press '''Enter'''

|-
|02:14
| Now type '''dot slash arg.sh'''

|-
|02:18
|Press Enter

|-
| 02:19
| The output is displayed as: '''Zeroth argument is arg.sh'''

|-
| 02:26
| Now come back to our editor and type the three lines as shown here.

|-
| 02:33
| '''$1 (Dollar one) '''represents the first '''argument''' passed to the '''program''' from the''' command line'''.

|-
| 02:40
|'''$2''' '''(Dollar two) '''represents the second '''argument''' passed to the '''program'''.

|-
| 02:44
| And '''$3 (Dollar three) '''represents the '''third argument'''

|-
| 02:48
| Now click on '''Save'''

|-
| 02:49
| Let us execute the program and see.

|-
| 02:52
|Press the uparrow key press '''Enter'''

|-
| 02:57
| We see that the zeroeth '''argument''' is printed.

|-
| 03:00
|But the first, second and third '''arguments''' are blank.

|-
| 03:05
|This is because the '''command line arguments '''are given during execution.

|-
| 03:11
| Hence press the uparrow key and type: '''sunday monday and tuesday.'''

|-
| 03:18
|Press '''Enter'''

|-
| 03:21
| You can see that the first second and third '''arguments''' are '''Sunday Monday and Tuesday'''

|-
| 03:28
| Now switch back to our editor. Press '''Enter'''

|-
| 03:33
|Now type the line as shown here.

|-
| 03:37
| '''$12 (Dollar twelve) '''represents the''' twelveth '''argument.

|-
| 03:41
| To write an '''argument''' greater than 9, we need to use '''curly brackets'''.

|-
| 03:46
|Else '''bash''' will only take the '''argument''' of the integer in the '''ten's place'''.

|-
| 03:53
|And you will not get expected output.

|-
| 03:57
| Now click on '''Save.'''

|-
| 03:59
|Let us execute the program.

|-
| 04:01
|Switch to the '''terminal'''.

|-
| 04:04
|Let me clear the '''prompt'''.

|-
| 04:07
| Now we need to give 12 or 13 '''arguments''' to the program.

|-
|04:12
| Hence Type '''dot slash arg.sh space 1 to 13''' Now press enter

|-
|04:23
|You can see that the 12th''' argument''' is '''12.'''

|-
| 04:27
| Come back to our editor.

|-
| 04:30
|And type the line as shown here.

|-
| 04:34
| '''$# (Dollar hash)''' gives the total number of '''arguments''' that have been passed to a program.

|-
| 04:40
| Now click on '''Save.'''
|-
| 04:43
|Let us execute.

|-
| 04:44
| Switch to the terminal.

|-
| 04:46
| Let us execute. Press the uparrow key and press '''Enter.'''

|-
| 04:52
|We can see that the total '''arguments''' are '''13.'''

|-
| 04:57
|Now switch to the editor.

|-
| 05:00
|Press '''Enter''' and '''type''' the lines as shown here.

|-
| 05:04
| '''$* (Dollar asterix)''' will print all the '''arguments''' on a '''''single line'''. ''

|-
| 05:10
| We will test this with the help of a simple''' for '''loop.

|-
| 05:14
| We will analyse this '''for '''loop at the time of execution.

|-
| 05:18
| Now click on '''Save.'''Switch to the terminal.

|-
|05:22
| Let me clear the prompt.

|-
| 05:26
| Now let us type, '''dot slash arg.sh space sunday monday and tuesday'''

|-
| 05:35
| Press''' Enter'''

|-
| 05:38
| You can see that the total number of '''arguments''' are '''3''' as we have passed 3 '''arguments''' to our program.

|-
| 05:46
|As already said '''$*''' will print all the '''arguments''' on a single line.

|-
| 05:54
| And this is the output for the '''for loop.'''

|-
| 05:57
| We see that''' '''all the '''arguments''' are printed on the '''''single line'''.''

|-
| 06:02
| Now move back to our program and '''type''' the lines as shown here.

|-
| 06:09
| '''$@ (Dollar at)''' will also print all the '''arguments'''.

|-
| 06:13
| However, this time each '''argument''' will be printed on '''separate line'''.

|-
| 06:20
| This is another '''for''' loop, which will print each '''argument''' in a separate line.

|-
| 06:26
| Let us see how. Click on '''Save'''

|-
| 06:29
| Switch to the terminal.

|-
| 06:32
|Press the''' uparrow key.'''

|-
| 06:34
| Press''' Enter''' You can see the difference now.

|-
| 06:39
| These are the '''arguments''' printed by '''$@.'''

|-
| 06:43
|'''$@''' prints each '''argument''' on separate line.

|-
| 06:47
|This is the output for the 2nd '''for loop.'''

|-
| 06:52
| Now lets move on to '''quoting''' in '''BASH'''

|-
| 06:55
|Switch to the slides.

|-
| 06:57
| There are three types of quotes

|-
| 06:59
|'''Double quote'''

|-
| 07:00
| '''Single quote'''

|-
| 07:02
| '''Backslash'''

|-
| 07:03
|* '''Double quote '''substitutes the value of '''variables''' and '''commands'''

|-
| 07:09
|* Example '''echo “Username is $USER”'''

|-
| 07:13
|* It displays your '''username ''' of the system.

|-
| 07:17
| Switch to the '''Terminal.'''

|-
| 07:20
| Let me clear the prompt.

|-
|07:23
|Now type '''echo''' space within double quotes '''Username''' space ''' is dollar USER ''' in capitals.

|-
| 07:34
| Press '''Enter'''

|-
| 07:35
| The '''username '''of the system is printed.

|-
| 07:39
| The output will vary according to your system.

|-
| 07:42
| Now move back to slides.

|-
| 07:46
| * '''Single quotes''' preserves the literal meaning of each character of the given string.

|-
| 07:53
| * It is used to turn off special meaning of all characters.

|-
| 07:58
| Switch to the '''Terminal.'''

|-
| 08:01
| Type '''echo''' space within single quote '''Username is dollar USER''' in capital

|-
| 08:10
| Press '''Enter'''

|-
|08:12
| The output is '''Username is $USER'''

|-
| 08:16
| In this example, it prints all the characters which appear within the single quotes.

|-
| 08:23
| It does not substitute the value of''' variable $USER'''

|-
| 08:28
| Switch back to our slides.

|-
|08:31
| * '''Backslash''' removes the special meaning from a single character

|-
| 08:37
|* It is used as an escape character in '''BASH'''

|-
| 08:42
| Switch to the '''Terminal. '''

|-
| 08:44
|Now Type '''echo''' space within double quote '''Username is backslash dollar USER ''' (in capital)

|-
| 08:55
|Since we have given double quotes, we expect the '''echo''' command to display the '''username'''.

|-
| 09:02
|Let's try this command so press '''Enter.'''

|-
| 09:06
| The output is '''Username is $USER'''

|-
| 09:10
|In this example the''' backslash '''removes the special meaning of ('''Dollar''') '''$ '''symbol.

|-
| 09:16
|'''$USER '''is just treated as a string without any special functionality.

|-
|09:22
| This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

|-
| 09:25
|Switch back to our slides.

|-
| 09:27
|Let us summarize.

|-
| 09:28
| In this tutorial we learnt,

|-
| 09:31
|* '''Command line arguments'''

|-
| 09:33
|* Functionality of Double quote, Single quote and Backslash

|-
| 09:39
| Watch the video available at the link shown below

|-
| 09:42
|It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project

|-
| 09:45
|If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it

|-
| 09:51
| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials

|-
| 09:56
|Gives certificates to those who pass an online test

|-
| 10:00
|For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org

|-
| 10:07
| Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project

|-
| 10:10
|It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India
More information on this Mission is available at: http://spoken-tutorial.org\NMEICT-Intro

|-
| 10:24
| The script has been contributed by FOSSEE and spoken-tutorial Team.

|-
| 10:30
|And this is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay signing off. Thank you for joining.

|}

@@ Line 149: / Line 149: @@
 |-
 | 02:48
-| Now, click on '''Save'''.
+| Now, click on '''Save'''.Let us '''execute''' the program and see.
-−
-|-
-| 02:49
-| Let us '''execute''' the program and see.
 |-

@@ Line 257: / Line 257: @@
 |-
 | 04:43
-|Let us '''execute'''.
+|Let us '''execute'''.Switch to the '''terminal'''.
-−
-|-
-| 04:44
-| Switch to the '''terminal'''.
 |-
@@ Line 381: / Line 377: @@
 |-
 | 06:59
-|* '''Double quote'''
+|* '''Double quote''' '''Single quote'''
-−
-|-
-| 07:00
-|* '''Single quote'''
 |-
 | 07:02
-|* '''Backslash'''.
+|* '''Backslash'''.'''Double quote '''substitutes the value of '''variables''' and '''commands'''.
-−
-|-
-| 07:03
-| '''Double quote '''substitutes the value of '''variables''' and '''commands'''.
 |-
@@ Line 417: / Line 405: @@
 |-
 | 07:34
-| Press '''Enter'''.
+| Press '''Enter'''. The '''username '''of the system is printed.
-−
-|-
-| 07:35
-| The '''username '''of the system is printed.
 |-
@@ Line 513: / Line 497: @@
 |-
 | 09:27
-|Let us summarize.
+|Let us summarize. In this tutorial, we learnt:
-−
-|-
-| 09:28
-| In this tutorial, we learnt:
 |-

@@ Line 401: / Line 401: @@
 |-
 | 07:13
-| It displays your '''username ''' of the system.
+| It displays the '''username ''' of the system.
 |-

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {|Border = 1
 | '''Time'''
@@ Line 14: / Line 13: @@
 |-
 | 00:11
-|* '''Command line Arguments '''and
+|'''Command line Arguments '''and
 |-
 | 00:13
-|* '''Quoting'''.
+|'''Quoting'''.
 |-
@@ Line 34: / Line 33: @@
 |-
 | 00:29
-|* '''Ubuntu Linux 12.04''' OS
+|'''Ubuntu Linux 12.04''' OS
 |-
 | 00:33
-|* '''GNU Bash''' version '''4.1.10'''
+|'''GNU Bash''' version '''4.1.10'''
 |-
@@ Line 130: / Line 129: @@
 |-
 |02:18
-|Press '''Enter'''.
+|Press '''Enter'''.The '''output''' is displayed as: '''Zeroth argument is arg.sh'''.
-−
-|-
-| 02:19
-| The '''output''' is displayed as: '''Zeroth argument is arg.sh'''.
 |-
@@ Line 377: / Line 372: @@
 |-
 | 06:59
-|* '''Double quote''' '''Single quote'''
+|'''Double quote''' '''Single quote'''
 |-
 | 07:02
-|* '''Backslash'''.'''Double quote '''substitutes the value of '''variables''' and '''commands'''.
+|'''Backslash'''.'''Double quote '''substitutes the value of '''variables''' and '''commands'''.
 |-
@@ Line 501: / Line 496: @@
 |-
 | 09:31
-|* '''Command line arguments'''
+|'''Command line arguments'''
 |-
 | 09:33
-|* Functionality of  double quote, single quote and backslash.
+|Functionality of  double quote, single quote and backslash.
 |-

@@ Line 66: / Line 66: @@
 |-
 | 01:12
-|On the '''terminal,''' let me open this file by typing:
+|On the '''terminal,''' let me open this file by typing-
 |-
@@ Line 82: / Line 82: @@
 |-
 | 01:30
-| The '''text-editor''' is opened.
+| The '''text editor''' is opened.
 |-
@@ Line 146: / Line 146: @@
 |-
 | 02:40
-|'''$2''' (Dollar two) represents the second '''argument''' passed to the '''program'''.
+|'''$2''' (Dollar two) represents the second '''argument''' passed to the '''program'''
 |-
 | 02:44
-|  And '''$3''' (Dollar three) represents the third '''argument'''.
+|  and '''$3''' (Dollar three) represents the third '''argument'''.
 |-
@@ Line 166: / Line 166: @@
 |-
 | 02:57
-| We see that the zeroth '''argument''' is printed.
+| We see that the zeroth '''argument''' is printed
 |-
 | 03:00
-|But the first, second and third '''arguments''' are blank.
+|but the first, second and third '''arguments''' are blank.
 |-
@@ Line 194: / Line 194: @@
 |-
 | 03:33
-|Now type the line as shown here.
+|Now, type the line as shown here.
 |-
 | 03:37
-| '''$12''' (Dollar twelve) represents the twelveth '''argument'''.
+| '''$12''' (Dollar twelve) represents the twelfth '''argument'''.
 |-
 | 03:41
-| To write an '''argument''' greater than 9, we need to use '''curly brackets'''
+| To write an '''argument''' greater than 9, we need to use curly brackets.
 |-
 | 03:46
-|else '''bash''' will only take the '''argument''' of the integer in the '''ten's place'''
+|Else, '''bash''' will only take the '''argument''' of the integer in the '''ten's place'''
 |-
@@ Line 277: / Line 277: @@
 |-
 | 05:00
-|Press '''Enter''' and '''type''' the lines as shown here.
+|Press '''Enter''' and type the lines as shown here.
 |-
@@ Line 293: / Line 293: @@
 |-
 | 05:18
-| Now click on '''Save.''' Switch to the '''terminal'''.
+| Now, click on '''Save.''' Switch to the '''terminal'''.
 |-
@@ Line 301: / Line 301: @@
 |-
 | 05:26
-| Now, let us type: '''dot slash arg.sh space sunday monday and tuesday'''
+| Now, let us type: '''dot slash arg.sh space sunday monday and tuesday'''.
 |-
@@ Line 325: / Line 325: @@
 |-
 | 06:02
-| Now, move back to our program and '''type''' the lines as shown here.
+| Now, move back to our program and type the lines as shown here.
 |-
@@ Line 409: / Line 409: @@
 |-
 | 07:20
-| Let me clear the prompt.
+| Let me clear the '''prompt'''.
 |-
@@ Line 425: / Line 425: @@
 |-
 | 07:39
-| The output will vary according to your system.
+| The '''output''' will vary according to your system.
 |-
@@ Line 433: / Line 433: @@
 |-
 | 07:46
-| '''Single quotes''' preserves the literal meaning of each character of the given '''string'''.
+| '''Single quotes''' preserves the literal meaning of each character of a given '''string'''.
 |-
@@ Line 497: / Line 497: @@
 |-
 | 09:10
-|In this example the''' backslash '''removes the special meaning of ('''Dollar''') '''$ '''symbol.
+|In this example, the backslash removes the special meaning of (Dollar) '$' symbol.
 |-
@@ Line 525: / Line 525: @@
 |-
 | 09:33
-|* Functionality of  Double quote, Single quote and Backslash.
+|* Functionality of  double quote, single quote and backslash.
 |-
@@ Line 533: / Line 533: @@
 |-
 | 09:42
-|It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
+|It summarizes the Spoken-Tutorial project.
 |-
@@ Line 558: / Line 558: @@
 | 10:10
 |It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
-More information on this mission is available at: http://spoken-tutorial.org\NMEICT-Intro
+More information on this mission is available at: http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro
 |-

@@ Line 369: / Line 369: @@
 |-
 | 06:52
-| Now let's move on to '''quoting''' in '''BASH'''
+| Now let's move on to '''quoting''' in '''BASH'''.
 |-
@@ Line 493: / Line 493: @@
 |-
 | 09:06
-| The output is '''Username is $USER'''
+| The output is '''Username is $USER'''.
 |-

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 |-
 | 00:01
-| Welcome to the '''spoken tutorial''' on''' Command line arguments and Quoting''' in '''BASH'''
+| Welcome to the '''spoken tutorial''' on''' Command line arguments and Quoting''' in '''BASH'''.
 |-
@@ Line 70: / Line 70: @@
 |-
 | 01:16
-|'''gedit''' '''space arg.sh space ampersand''' sign (&).
+|'''gedit''' '''space arg.sh space ampersand''' sign(&).
 |-
@@ Line 281: / Line 281: @@
 |-
 | 05:04
-| '''$*''' (Dollar asterix) will print all the '''arguments''' on a single line.
+| '''$*''' (Dollar asterisk) will print all the '''arguments''' on a single line.
 |-