PoojaMoolya: Created page with "{|border=1 || '''Time''' || '''Narration''' |- || 00:01 || Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on '''Linear Motion'''. |- || 00:05 || In this tutorial we will, Verify Newton's fir..."

2020-09-15T05:09:30Z

Created page with "{|border=1 || '''Time''' || '''Narration''' |- || 00:01 || Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on '''Linear Motion'''. |- || 00:05 || In this tutorial we will, Verify Newton's fir..."

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{|border=1
|| '''Time'''
|| '''Narration'''
|-
|| 00:01
|| Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on '''Linear Motion'''.

|-
|| 00:05
|| In this tutorial we will, Verify Newton's first law of motion using constant acceleration simulation.

|-
|| 00:13
||Calculate position and velocity of a car using equations of motion.

|-
|| 00:19
||Verify Newton's second law of motion using air track glider simulation.
|-
|| 00:26
|| Here I am using, '''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version 16.04.

'''Firefox Web Browser''' version 62.0.3.

|-
|| 00:39
|| To follow this tutorial, learner should be familiar with '''Apps on Physics'''.

|-
|| 00:46
||For the pre-requisites tutorials please visit this site.
|-
|| 00:51
|| Use the given link to download the ''' App'''.

|-
|| 00:55
|| I have already downloaded '''Apps on Physics''' to my '''Downloads''' folder.

|-
|| 01:00
||In this tutorial we will use,

'''Motion with constant Acceleration''' and '''Newton's Second Law Experiment Apps'''

|-
|| 01:10
||Double-click on '''html5phen''' folder. Double-click on the '''phen''' folder.

|-
|| 01:17
||To open '''Motion with Constant Acceleration''', press '''Ctrl''' + '''F''' keys simultaneously.
|-
|| 01:24
|| In the search bar type '''acceleration'''.

|-
|| 01:28
|| Right click on '''acceleration_en.htm''' file.

|-
|| 01:33
||Select the option '''Open With Firefox web Browser'''.
|-
|| 01:38
|| '''Motion with constant Acceleration App''' opens in the browser.
|-
|| 01:43
|| Interface has two panels.
|-
|| 01:46
|| Green control panel contains text fields.

|-
|| 01:50
||Here we can edit '''Initial position ''' , '''Initial velocity''' and '''Acceleration'''.
|-
|| 01:58
|| At the bottom of the green panel there are two radio buttons.

|-
|| 02:03
||'''Show velocity vector''' and '''Show acceleration vector'''.

By default '''Show velocity vector''' is selected.
|-
|| 02:13
|| On the yellow panel we have three digital clocks.

They show the elapsed time.
|-
|| 02:20
|| Here we can see a green and red coloured barriers.
|-
|| 02:25
|| Click on '''Start''' button.
|-
|| 02:28
|| Click the '''Slow motion''' check-box.
|-
|| 02:31
|| Observe that a car starts to move with a constant acceleration.
|-
|| 02:37
|| The default value for '''Acceleration''' is

1 '''m/s2''' (meter per second square).
|-
|| 02:42
|| When the car crosses the green barrier with its front bumper, green digital clock stops.
|-
|| 02:49
|| Similarly when the car crosses the red barrier, the red digital clock stops.
|-
|| 02:55
|| Notice that car has moved out of the screen, but it is still in motion.
|-
|| 03:01
|| This is indicated by grey digital clock.

|-
|| 03:05
||This clock shows the instantaneous time of the moving car.

|-
|| 03:10
|| Observe that, the values of '''x''' and '''v''' are changing continuously.

|-
|| 03:16
||It means that the car is in uniform motion.

|-
|| 03:20
||And it will continue to be in motion until an external force is applied.

This is due to '''Newton's first law of motion'''.
|-
|| 03:30
|| Click on the '''Pause''' button and uncheck the '''Slow motion''' check-box.
|-
|| 03:36
|| Let’s assume that by clicking '''Pause''' button we have applied an external force on the car.
|-
|| 03:43
|| Notice that the grey digital clock has stopped.

|-
|| 03:47
||It means that car has stopped moving.
|-
|| 03:51
|| Click on the '''Reset''' button.
|-
|| 03:54
|| Let's change the '''Initial position''' to 5 '''meter ''' and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| 03:59
|| Change the '''Initial velocity''' to 5 '''m/s''' ('''meter per second''') and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| 04:04
|| And value of '''Acceleration''' to 2 '''m/s2''' ('''meter per second square)''' and press '''Enter'''.
|-
|| 04:10
|| Observe the '''Position v/s time''' and '''Velocity v/s time''' graphs.

|-
|| 04:15
||The red point in the '''Position v/s time''' graph has shifted from 0 '''meter''' to 5 '''meter'''.
|-
|| 04:22
|| The pink point in the '''Velocity v/s time''' graph has shifted from 0 '''m/s''' to 5 '''m/s'''.
|-
|| 04:30
|| Notice the shift in blue point in '''Acceleration v/s time''' graph.
|-
|| 04:35
|| Click on the '''Start''' button.
|-
|| 04:38
|| And then click on the '''Pause''' button when car touches the red barrier.
|-
|| 04:43
|| Observe that the pink colored vector shows the direction of velocity.
|-
|| 04:48
|| Now let us study the variations in each graph.
|-
|| 04:52
|| Observe the '''Acceleration v/s time''' graph.

|-
|| 04:56
||It shows a straight line parallel to the time axis.

|-
|| 05:00
||As time changes acceleration remains constant.
|-
|| 05:05
|| Observe the '''Velocity v/s time''' graph.

Note that velocity increases linearly with time.

|-
|| 05:12
|| Look at the '''Position v/s time''' graph.

|-
|| 05:16
||This graph is exponentially increasing, due to the change in '''position''' and '''velocity''' of the car.
|-
|| 05:23
|| Let us verify the values of '''position''' and '''velocity''' using equations of motion.
|-
||05:30
|| Here are the '''Equations of motion'''.
|-
|| 05:33
|| We will note the measured and calculated values in the table.
|-
|| 05:39
|| Next we will use both green and red barrier to measure position and velocity.
|-
|| 05:45
|| Click and drag the green barrier to 15 '''meter'''.
|-
|| 05:49
|| Similarly drag the red barrier to 40 '''meter'''.
|-
|| 05:53
|| Click on the '''Start''' button and then '''Pause''' when it touches the green barrier.
|-
|| 05:59
|| Note that the '''App''' has measured the values of position and velocity.
|-
|| 06:05
|| Let us calculate velocity using the first equation of motion.

|-
|| 06:11
||Substitute the values of acceleration, time and initial velocity shown in the '''App''' in the equation.

|-
|| 06:19
||8.06 '''m/s''' is the calculated value of the velocity.
|-
|| 06:25
|| Let us calculate the '''position''' using the second equation of motion.

|-
|| 06:30
||Similarly substitute the values shown in the '''App'''.

|-
|| 06:34
||14.99 '''meter''' is the calculated value of the position.
|-
|| 06:40
|| Observe that the values of position and velocity are approximately equal to the measured values.
|-
|| 06:48
|| Note the calculated and measured values in the table.
|-
|| 06:52
|| As an assignment

Measure the '''position''' and '''velocity''' when the car reaches the red barrier.

|-
|| 06:59
|| Calculate the values using '''Equations of motion'''.
|-
|| 07:03
|| Complete the table and compare your answers with the ones shown in the '''App'''.
|-
|| 07:09
|| Now we will explore the next '''App'''.
|-
|| 07:12
|| To open '''Newton's Second Law Experiment App''', Right click on the '''newtonlaw2_en.htm''' file and '''Open With Firefox Web Browser'''.
|-
|| 07:24
|| Using this '''App''' we will verify the '''Newton's second law'''.
|-
|| 07:29
|| The '''App''' opens with air track glider setup.
|-
|| 07:33
|| The screen shows a wagon on the air track.
|-
|| 07:37
|| Here digital clock is used to record the time when wagon crosses the '''LB'''.

'''LB '''is the light barrier.
|-
|| 07:46
|| The graph records '''position''' v/s '''time''' data.
|-
|| 07:51
|| In the green control panel we can vary

'''Mass of the wagon ''', '''Hanging mass '''and '''Coefficient of friction'''.
|-
||08:00
|| The default '''Mass of the wagon''' is 100 '''g'''.

It can take values from 1 g to 1000 g
|-
|| 08:09
|| Scroll down the screen.

|-
|| 08:12
||Here we have the formula used in this experiment.

|-
|| 08:16
||By default, '''motion with constant acceleration''' is used in the '''App'''.
|-
|| 08:22
|| Click on the '''Start''' button.

|-
|| 08:25
||This button is a toggle for '''Start''' and '''Record data'''.
|-
|| 08:29
|| Observe that the hanging mass pulls the wagon downwards.

|-
|| 08:34
||Default value of the '''Hanging mass''' is 1 '''gram''', it takes values from 1 '''gram''' to 100 '''grams'''.
|-
|| 08:42
|| Here digital clock notes the time when the wagon crosses the '''LB'''.

|-
|| 08:47
||The distance from the start to '''LB''' is shown as 0.5 '''meter'''.
|-
|| 08:53
|| The '''App''' has calculated the acceleration using the formula '''2s/t2'''(2s upon t square).

|-
|| 08:59
||The calculated value of acceleration is 0.097 '''m/s2'''.
|-
|| 09:06
|| Click on the '''Reset''' button.
|-
|| 09:09
|| Click and drag the '''LB '''to the left on second black rectangle.
|-
|| 09:14
|| Click on the '''Start''' button.
|-
|| 09:17
|| Notice that here also the value of acceleration is 0.097 '''m/s2'''.
|-
|| 09:25
|| Click on the '''Record data''' button.

The values are recorded in the '''Data''' box.
|-
|| 09:32
|| Observe that the '''Diagram''' button is inactive.

|-
|| 09:36
||It becomes active when at least four values are recorded in the '''Data''' box.
|-
|| 09:42
|| Again click and drag the '''LB''' to second green rectangle.
|-
|| 09:47
|| Click on the '''Start''' button and then click on '''Record data''' button.
|-
|| 09:53
|| Similarly take four more readings for distance and time and record in the '''Data''' box.
|-
|| 10:00
|| In the '''Data''' box, readings of six different distances have been recorded.
|-
|| 10:06
|| Observe the plotted points for position and time in the graph.
|-
|| 10:11
|| '''Diagram''' button is now active.

Click on the '''Diagram''' button to plot the graph.
|-
|| 10:18
|| An exponential graph appears on the screen.
|-
|| 10:22
|| Notice that, acceleration remains same for all the distances.

|-
|| 10:27
||It means that change in distance does not change the acceleration.
|-
||10:33
|| According to '''Newton's second law''' the '''acceleration''' depends on the mass of the wagon.
|-
|| 10:39
|| Click on the '''Reset''' button.
|-
|| 10:42
|| Now change the '''Mass of the wagon''' to 300 '''g'''.
|-
|| 10:46
|| Click on '''Start''' button.
|-
|| 10:49
|| Notice the change in the acceleration.

|-
|| 10:52
||The value of acceleration has changed to 0.033 '''m/s2'''.
|-
||10:59
||Click on the '''Reset''' button.
|-
|| 11:02
|| Now let us change the value of '''Hanging mass''' to 4 '''g'''.
|-
|| 11:07
|| Click on '''Start''' button.
|-
|| 11:11
|| Notice the change in the acceleration. The value of acceleration has changed to 0.129 '''m/s2'''.

|-
|| 11:21
||Recall that acceleration depends on mass of the wagon and the hanging mass.
|-
|| 11:28
|| Let us make a tabular column to note the values.

|-
|| 11:33
||As an assignment

Change the values of mass of the wagon and note the changes in acceleration.

|-
|| 11:41
||For each value of mass of the wagon change the value of the Hanging mass.

|-
|| 11:47
||Observe the difference in the acceleration.
|-
|| 11:51
|| Your completed assignment should look like this.

|-
|| 11:56
|| Let us summarize

|-
|| 11:58
|| Using these '''Apps''' we have,

Verified Newton's first law of motion using constant acceleration simulation.

|-
|| 12:06
|| Calculated position and velocity of a car using equations of motion.

|-
|| 12:12
|| Verified Newton's second law of motion using air track glider simulation.

|-
|| 12:19
|| These '''Apps''' were created by Walter-fendt and his team.

|-
|| 12:24
|| The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.

Please download and watch it.
|-
|| 12:32
|| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project '''team, conducts workshops and gives certificates.

For more details, please write to us.
|-
|| 12:41
|| Please post your timed queries on this forum.
|-
||12:45
|| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by, MHRD, Government of India.
|-
|| 12:50
|| This is Himanshi Karwanje from IIT-Bombay.
Thank you for joining.
|-
|}

Apps-On-Physics/C2/Linear-Motion/English-timed - Revision history

PoojaMoolya: Created page with "{|border=1 || '''Time''' || '''Narration''' |- || 00:01 || Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on '''Linear Motion'''. |- || 00:05 || In this tutorial we will, Verify Newton's fir..."